scholarly journals The Psychology Of Work: Changes In The 21st Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Rudy Nydegger ◽  
Colby Enides
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Information Revolution ◽  
Human History ◽  
Agricultural Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Functional Nature ◽  
Metal Tools ◽  
Purposeful Activity ◽  
Psychology Of Work

Work is something common to all of humanity and it always has been.  Throughout human history there have been many major revolutions in the world of work that have changed how people work and the types of things that they produce.  The Agricultural Revolution changed how people produced and used food and changed how and where they lived.  Similarly, when humans started producing pottery and metal tools and weapons there were additional changes in work and what kinds of things people did to support and protect themselves.  The Industrial Revolution resulted in significant changes in the nature of work, but also where people worked and lived and they kinds of products they were now able to produce.  More recently, the Information Revolution has also dramatically changed the nature of work and what people do while at work.This paper will review the nature of work and look at this topic as an important part of the psychology of humans and how work has changed over the centuries and millennia and what it looks like today.  By work we mean, “A purposeful activity that is intended to facilitate survival, comfort, protection of the society, and self-fulfillment.”  In addition to examining the history and evolution of work, this paper examines the functional nature of work and how that has changed and evolved as well.  In addition, the motivational basis of work will be examined and the various reasons why people work will also be explored as well.  One of the principal foci of this paper will be a thorough examination of how work is changing in the 21st century and looking at how globalization and technology have changed the world of work and the psychological importance of work today.

scholarly journals Tazkiyah: Metodologi Rekonstruksi Akuntansi Pertanian

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Aji Dedi Mulawarman
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Agricultural Revolution ◽  
Growth Economic

<p class="JurnalASSETSABSTRAK">ABSTRAK</p><p>Artikel ini bertujuan mengonstruksi metodologi untuk memurnikan akuntansi pertanian kembali pada fitrah kesuciannya sehingga dapat menempati strata tertinggi bersama tulisan dan angka, sebagaimana kemunculan pertama kalinya di masa revolusi pertanian 12.000 tahun lalu. Konstruksi metodologi pemurnian akuntansi dilakukan melalui telaah kesejarahan pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun dan konsep pemurnian dalam Islam. Hasil konstruksi menunjukkan bahwa metodologi tazkiyah bersubstansi nilai dinamis berkeadilan bagi individu dan masyarakat serta lingkungan alam, dengan cara melalui penyucian terus-menerus. Temuan konstruksi juga menunjukkan bahwa kesucian akuntansi telah hilang dan tersisih sejak Revolusi Industri yang berorientasi materi dan pertumbuhan (ekonomi). Praksis akuntansi tanpa kesucian mewujud dalam standar IFRS dan PSAK di Indonesia hingga abad 21 berkolaborasi dengan Revolusi Industri 4.0.</p><p class="JurnalASSETSABSTRAK"><em>ABSTRACT</em></p><p><em>This article aims to construct a methodology to refine agricultural accounting back to its nature of holiness so that it can occupy the highest strata along with writing and numbers, as it first appeared during the agricultural revolution 12,000 years ago. The construction of the accounting refinement methodology is carried out through the historical study of Ibn Khaldun's thought and the concept of purification in Islam. The results of the construction show that the tazkiyah methodology has a dynamic value of justice for individuals and communities and the natural environment, by means of continuous purification. The construction findings also show that the sanctity of accounting has been lost and marginalized since the material revolution and growth (economic) orientation. Accounting practices without holiness embodied in IFRS and PSAK standards in Indonesia until the 21st century in collaboration with the Industrial Revolution 4.0.</em></p>

Conclusions

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Rostow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
The Political ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

I have tried in this book to summarize where the world economy has come from in the past three centuries and to set out the core of the agenda that lies before us as we face the century ahead. This century, for the first time since the mid-18th century, will come to be dominated by stagnant or falling populations. The conclusions at which I have arrived can usefully be divided in two parts: one relates to what can be called the political economy of the 21st century; the other relates to the links between the problem of the United States playing steadily the role of critical margin on the world scene and moving at home toward a solution to the multiple facets of the urban problem. As for the political economy of the 21st century, the following points relate both to U.S. domestic policy and U.S. policy within the OECD, APEC, OAS, and other relevant international organizations. There is a good chance that the economic rise of China and Asia as well as Latin America, plus the convergence of economic stagnation and population increase in Africa, will raise for a time the relative prices of food and industrial materials, as well as lead to an increase in expen ditures in support of the environment. This should occur in the early part of the next century, If corrective action is taken in the private markets and the political process, these strains on the supply side should diminish with the passage of time, the advance of science and innovation, and the progressively reduced rate of population increase. The government, the universities, the private sector, and the professions might soon place on their common agenda the delicate balance of maintaining full employment with stagnant or falling populations. The existing literature, which largely stems from the 1930s, is quite illuminating but inadequate. And the experience with stagnant or falling population in the the world economy during post-Industrial Revolution times is extremely limited. This is a subject best approached in the United States on a bipartisan basis, abroad as an international problem. It is much too serious to be dealt with, as it is at present, as a domestic political football.

scholarly journals Student Readiness Vocational High School toward Industrial Revolution 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samsul Yudi Prabowo ◽  
I Wayan Susuila ◽  
Muhaji Muhaji ◽  
Tri Rijanto ◽  
Munoto Munoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
World Economic ◽  
German Economist ◽  
Automation Technology

The 4.0 industrial revolution is currently underway, the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is an industry that combines automation technology with cyber-physical technology. In accordance with the objectives of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which was coined by Professor Klaus Schwab, a German economist and founder of the World Economic Forum, that the world would be focused on increasing production by utilizing the latest technology. Technological progress is faster then humans should be able to adapt faster. The challenges and opportunities of industry 4.0 greatly impacted people's lives, one of which was the problem of unemployment. The purpose of this study was to determine the readiness of Krian 1 Vocational School Students to face the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Criteria for measuring industry readiness 4.0 A method that compares the skills possessed by vocational students and the demands of life in the 21st century that have been reviewed by several experts. The study found that: (1) improvement of the learning process in vocational schools in the context of facing the 21st century and the 4.0 revolution and (2) improving the quality of teachers related to 21st century skills demands.

The Four C's, Constructivism, and Digitizing Curriculum

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Amy Earl ◽  
Vicki Anne Carbee ◽  
Karina Becerra-Murillo ◽  
Amanda Marie Evans
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
21St Century Skills ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Global Workforce ◽  
The World ◽  
Integrate Technology

It is estimated that by 2055 humans will have entered the fourth industrial revolution, a period where technology devices will replace or redefine the human workforce. In preparation, countries around the world have transitioned their educational practices to address the needs of the ever-changing global economy and technology advancements. This shift towards preparing a technology literate workforce is frequently referred to as 21st century skills, the implementation of curriculum which meets the projected needs of learners in the future workforce. Although educators are encouraged to integrate technology in training to better equip the learner in navigating the continuously evolving digital workspace, how this is done is less clear. The purpose of this chapter is to share an inclusive method of how educational systems can digitize constructivism with 21st century skills to ensure all students are prepared for the global workforce.

scholarly journals Utilization of the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 as an Effort to Support Student Character Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindia Nur Amalia ◽  
M. Ilham Karisma
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Character Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
Policy Direction

In the 21st century the world of education is undergoing various changes in the educational paradigm that places humans as a whole, human resources that can provide policy direction in laying the framework for development and utilizing the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 in the sphere of education. The expected learning process is to be able to develop a variety of potential learners as a whole in an integrated manner, therefore in the provision of material or the learning process everything must be able to actualize efforts to shape student character through personality development. The existence of character education for the sake of facing and utilizing the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 can form students who have identity. However, in shaping the identity, several strategies are needed to support the identity of students that are adapted to the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 at this time. For example, by creating an innovation called the "Expression Room" which is used as a potential container for students. Character education must also be able to equip students with competence in the ability to communicate, organize, solve problems, be independent, cooperate, and be ethical.

scholarly journals RECOVERING VALPARAÍSO'S URBAN ELEVATORS: THE RESTORATION OF THE CORDILLERA FUNICULAR

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 535-542
Author(s):  
C. Giribas ◽  
G. Paredes ◽  
A. Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Public Works ◽  
San Jose ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Abstract. During the 19th century, the port of Valparaíso was the place in Chile with the closest links to the rest of the world, leading to strong social, cultural and technological transformations in the city. The arrival of the industrial revolution together with foreign influence led to the apparition of machinism; which along with the need to connect the lower area of the city with the hills led to the construction of several urban elevators. More than thirty elevators functioned throughout Valparaíso during the 20th century, out of which less than a half remained operational at the beginning of the 21st century. In order to recover this valuable heritage in a city which was declared World Heritage in 2003 by UNESCO, the Ministry of Public Works of Chile promoted a plan to restore nine urban elevators in Valparaíso. This article refers specifically to the restoration works of the second elevator ever built in the city: the Cordillera funicular, which opened in 1887. The complexities linked to the recovery of an obsolete technological system for contemporary public transport standards will be exposed; along with relevant discoveries linked to the history of Valparaíso, such as the archaeological finding of the ruins of the San José Castle during building works.

Strategies for Digital Transformation in Business

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-171
Author(s):  
Fatmanur Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
New Order ◽  
Human History ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The World ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Industrial Revolutions ◽  
Modern Sense

Accounting is a discipline as old as human history, and with the last industrial revolution, it started to digitalize by taking a different dimension. It is important to know the ideas, the new order, and the new qualifications that employees should have, which are the basis of digital accounting, which has a quite new history in the world. In addition, mastering new developments and practices is important in order to continue the profession and apply it in its modern sense. This chapter was designed by author due to the lack of a comprehensive publication in the field of digital accounting and it is a fairly new concept. In this context, basic concepts were disclosed that subject and industrial revolutions. Later on, applications such as e-invoice, e-document, e-book, e-archive, which make up digital accounting by being separated from the traditional sense in the field of accountancy, are explained, and suggestions for the design new researches and diversification are presented.

Education in Higher Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
Ana Valéria Barbosa Silva
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Pedagogical Innovation ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Teaching And Learning Environment ◽  
The World ◽  
New Methodologies

The chapter title proposes a reflection: is establishing proposed innovations in the teaching and learning environment the same as innovating this teaching and learning? The term innovation has long been studied, but its recurrence has increased in the 1990s and has become even more intense in the 21st century. But what is innovation? Closely related to the business environment, innovating also applies to one of the longer-lived organizations in human life: the school. Now that society is in the fourth industrial revolution, where is the school? In some cases, it is in the search for the connection with the present times, but in others, it is still in the molds of past centuries. The author proposes reflecting on pedagogical innovation, new methodologies, connection to the world context of the 21st century, and insertion of technology.

scholarly journals THE ROSIE EFFECT OR THE DIALECTICS OF THE SOCIAL AND THE BIOLOGICAL IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE LEGAL MAP OF THE WORLD IN THE 21ST CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
M. V. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

The author of the article analyzes various legal empirical aspects of the transformation of the legal map of the world in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It is concluded that, by analogy with Graeme Simsion’s novel, these empirical aspects might be metaphorically described as the “Rosie eff ect” which is characterized by a dialectic unity of the social and the biological through Hegel’s law of the “unity and struggle of opposites”.

scholarly journals DIREITO & DESENVOLVIMENTO: O PAPEL DO DIREITO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Ivo Teixeira Gico Junior
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
World Population ◽  
Human History ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Capital Humano

A pobreza é a regra na história da humanidade. Mesmo hoje, em pleno século XXI a maior parte da população mundial vive em condições de pobreza. Normalmente, a explicação oferecida para tamanho subdesenvolvimento é a carência de investimentos, políticas macroeconômicas deletérias ou falta de capital humano. A abordagem neoinstitucionalista defende que tais explicações são secundárias. O subdesenvolvimento decorre, em última instância, das escolhas que cada sociedade faz e tais escolhas são formatadas e limitadas pelas instituições (regras e normas) que estruturam a interação humana em uma dada comunidade. A principal instituição formal a regular as interações humanas em toda e qualquer economia capitalista desenvolvida é o direito. O presente artigo se propõe a discutir justamente o papel do sistema jurídico e sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento. Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento. Instituições. Direito. JEL: O1, O12, O17, K0 Abstract: Poverty is the rule in human history. Even today, in the 21st century, most of the world population lives in poverty. Many academics explain the massive underdevelopment as a result of lack of investment, harmful macroeconomic policies or lack of human capital. The neoinstitutionalist approach suggests that those explanations are secondary. At the end of the day, underdevelopment results directly from each society’ choices and those choices are formatted and limited by institutions (rules and norms) that structure human interaction within a given community. The main institution to regulate human interaction in any development capitalist economy is the law. This paper discusses the role of law and its contribution to development. Keywords: Development. Institutions. Law.

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