scholarly journals Biologic Width: Understanding and Its Preservation

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
K. Malathi ◽  
Arjun Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Biologic Width ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crown Lengthening

The relationship between the periodontal health and the restoration of teeth is intimate and inseparable. Maintenance of gingival health constitutes one of the keys for tooth and dental restoration longevity. An adequate understanding of relationship between the periodontal tissue and restorative dentistry is essential to ensure adequate form and function of dentition and Esthetics and comfort to the patients. Restoration of fractured (traumatized), severely decayed, partially erupted (delayed passive eruption), worn or poorly restorated teeth is often difficult for the dentist without surgical and orthodontic intervention. Surgical crown lengthening of these teeth is necessary to provide adequate tooth structure for restoration or Esthetics enhancement, thus adhering to basic biological principles by preventing impingement on the periodontal attachment apparatus or biological width. Many clinicians have been unable to utilize the concept of biologic width in practical manner. Hence the purpose of this article is to describe the biologic width anatomy, evaluations and correction of its violation by different methods.

scholarly journals Interactions between Restorative Dentistry and Periodontics: Surgical Procedure (Part I)

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-281
Author(s):  
Mateus Rodrigues Tonetto ◽  
Shelon Cristina Souza Pinto ◽  
Alvaro Henrique Borges ◽  
José Roberto Cury Saad ◽  
Matheus Coelho Bandeca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Restorative Dentistry ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Crown Height ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Biologic Width ◽  
Crown Lengthening

ABSTRACT The best way to enhance gingival health and minimize trauma is to avoid contact of the gingivae with restorative materials. Subgingival finish lines are not periodontally advantageous. Crown lengthening is a periodontal resective procedure, aimed at removing periodontal tissue support to increase the clinical crown height. Periodontal health is of paramount importance to understand the concept of biologic width, indications, techniques and other principles as well as some possible limitations. This article aims to discuss these concepts and its relationship to periodontal health and restorative dentistry. The importance of restorative margin location and contours related to periodontal health are also addressed in order that the restorative dentist can use crown lengthening as part of an overall treatment plan in a controlled and predictable manner, taking into account biological factors. How to cite this article Souza Pinto SC, Tonetto MR, de Oliveira Barud HG, Porto TS, Saad JRC, Borges AH, Bandeca MC. Interactions between Restorative Dentistry and Periodontics: Surgical Procedure (Part I). World J Dent 2013;4(4):276-281.

scholarly journals Biologic Width: Evaluation and Correction of its Violation

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Sharma ◽  
Nitin Khuller
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Biologic Width ◽  
Crown Lengthening ◽  
Corrective Procedures ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT The concept of Biologic Width has been widely described by periodontists and restorative dentists. An adequate understanding of relationship between periodontal tissues and restorative dentistry is paramount to ensure adequate form, function and esthetics, and comfort of the dentition. While most clinicians are aware of this important relationship, uncertainty remains regarding specific concepts such as biologic width and indications and applications of surgical crown lengthening. These violations lead to complications like gingival inflammation, alveolar bone loss and improper fit of the restorative component. An attempt has been made in this article to discuss the concept of biologic width, its importance in maintaining a long term dental restoration including crown & bridge and implants, and the implications of biologic width violation. Lastly, we discuss the possible methods to assess biologic width and surgical & non-surgical corrective procedures.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Arscott ◽  
Gil Lee ◽  
Victor A. Bloomfield ◽  
D. Fennell Evans
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Calf Thymus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

Relationship of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy to Functional Status: A Systematic Research Review

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Michael
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In the realm of muscle atrophy research, many studies address minute details of molecular function but few examine the effects of atrophy in terms of mobility, strength, endurance, and performance of activities of daily living. The relationship between impairment and functional limitation is the focus of this research review. A wide array of studies constitute this area of inquiry, including investigations as diverse and widely disparate as molecular chemistry and space travel and populations as different as rats, healthy young men, and elderly women. Thirty-four studies were selected based on their fit with the Enabling-Disabling Model. Three paradigms of atrophy and function emerged. Adaptation reflects the plastic nature of muscle when placed under certain conditions, ranging from disuse to high-resistance exercise. Injury/loss describes damage to muscle tissue from ischemia, medications, or reloading or reperfusion trauma. Also in this category is the loss of muscle that is seen with aging. Integrity relates to the muscle’s tendency to protect itself and maintain structural adjacencies and cellular proportions. Based on the 3 muscle research paradigms, the relationship of muscle atrophy to function is portrayed as a bidirectional interaction wherein form and function have an influence on each other by way of physical changes, including those of adaptation, injury/loss, or integrity. A conceptual model is constructed to reflect this relationship.

Direct Technique for the Fabrication of Acrylic Provisional Restorations

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ricardo Schwedhelm
Keyword(s):  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Direct Technique ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Multiple Unit ◽  
Tooth Preparation ◽  
Indirect Technique ◽  
Provisional Restoration ◽  
And Function

Abstract Provisional restorations are fabricated to protect the prepared tooth structure during the period between tooth preparation and insertion of the definitive restoration. These restorations are also referred to in the literature as interim, temporary, or provisional restorations (prostheses). Such restorations should be uncomplicated and inexpensive to fabricate in a short period of time. Several laboratory and clinical techniques for the fabrication of provisional restorations have been described in the literature, such as the indirect technique, direct technique, and indirect-direct techniques for both single and multiple unit restorations. This article describes a step by step clinical technique for the fabrication of a direct provisional restoration to satisfy the issues of esthetics, patient comfort, speech and function, maintenance of periodontal health, and maxillomandibular relationships while wearing the restoration. Citation Schwedhelm ER. Direct Technique for the Fabrication of Acrylic Provisional Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:157-173.

Verb inflection in Ancient Greek and Sanskrit and auxiliation patterns in French and Italian

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunzio La Fauci ◽  
Liana Tronci
Keyword(s):  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Verb Inflection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Verb Inflections ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

This paper deals with the complex interaction between form and function in the verb morphosyntax of four Indo-European languages (French, Italian, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit). Beyond the difference in form, auxiliation patterns in French and Italian, and verb inflections in Ancient Greek and Sanskrit correlate, thanks to the agreement for number and person, to the expression of the relationship with the Subject. The different auxiliation patterns (sum and habeo) and the different inflections (middle and active) correlate to different properties of the Subject. In particular, these forms depend on the syntactic opposition between middle and non-middle. The ways of this dependency are regulated and systematic, although they appear fuzzy and chaotic, not only if the four languages are compared to each other, but also if different morphosyntactic combinations, inside the same language, are concerned.

Towards a pragmatic approach to the study of languages in contact

Pragmatics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan A. Argente ◽  
Lluís Payrató
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Languages In Contact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interactive Strategies ◽  
And Function ◽  
Adaptation Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Distribution

The study of language contact has been traditionally carried out from a structural perspective (synchronic or diachronic), from a sociolinguistic perspective and/or from a rather psychological perspective, centered on the linguistic and communicative competence of the multilingual individual. However, a great number of linguistic and sociolinguistic topics that appear in language contact situations may be productively tackled from a pragmatic viewpoint. This pragmatic perspective takes into account linguistic use in communication contexts and raises, at a different level, questions that deal with the structures and the evolution of the codes in contact. The main aim of this presentation is the analysis of some of the specific problems that arise in given language contact situations from a pragmatic perspective, considering the adaptation processes of the speakers, their particular interactive strategies and the social meaning generated. Understanding pragmatics in its original sense, i.e. as the study of the relationship between linguistic signs and speakers (users of certain resources), these phenomena should be understood as the result of speakers’ adaptation to changing sociocultural circumstances. This adaptation creates a new distribution of the verbal resources (or linguistic economy) of the community and, consequently, modifies its varieties as far as form and function are concerned.

English as a Lingua Franca: form follows function

English Today ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Cogo
Keyword(s):  
Research Field ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTIn this paper I wish to respond to the article published in ET94 by Saraceni while at the same time providing some clarifications concerning the concept of English as a Lingua Franca (henceforth ELF). In his article Saraceni raises three main questions (and a number of related debatable comments which I will quickly deal with in my final remarks) regarding: 1) the nature of ELF and its speakers, 2) the relationship between ELF and the World Englishes (henceforth WE) paradigm, and 3) the distinction between form and function. I will address each of these questions, and in so doing consider a number of notions concerning the ELF research field.

scholarly journals Examining Form and Function of Dendritic Spines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin F. H. Lee ◽  
Cary Soares ◽  
Jean-Claude Béïque
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Spine Morphology ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Spine Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

The majority of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system takes place at protrusions along dendrites called spines. Dendritic spines are highly heterogeneous, both morphologically and functionally. Not surprisingly, there has been much speculation and debate on the relationship between spine structure and function. The advent of multi-photon laser-scanning microscopy has greatly improved our ability to investigate the dynamic interplay between spine form and function. Regulated structural changes occur at spines undergoing plasticity, offering a mechanism to account for the well-described correlation between spine size and synapse strength. In turn, spine structure can influence the degree of biochemical and perhaps electrical compartmentalization at individual synapses. Here, we review the relationship between dendritic spine morphology, features of spine compartmentalization and synaptic plasticity. We highlight emerging molecular mechanisms that link structural and functional changes in spines during plasticity, and also consider circumstances that underscore some divergence from a tight structure-function coupling. Because of the intricate influence of spine structure on biochemical and electrical signalling, activity-dependent changes in spine morphology alone may thus contribute to the metaplastic potential of synapses. This possibility asserts a role for structural dynamics in neuronal information storage and aligns well with current computational models.

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