scholarly journals La cleruquía ateniense en Lesbos: distribución de la tierra y explotación de los nativos

Nova Tellus ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-86
Author(s):  
Julián Gallego ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Distribution Pattern

This article analyzes the establishment of the Athenian cleruchy in the island of Lesbos in 427 BC. From the available evidence and research, the existence of a plot distribution pattern based on land use conditions previously developed by the Lesbians is conjectured. The permanence of the latter as tenants of these plots was subordinated to the extraction of an annual rent by the Athenians, similar to the income obtained by those belonging to hoplite status.

Distribution pattern of the epiphytic orchid Rhynchostylis retusa under strong human influence in Kathmandu valley, Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yagya Prasad Adhikari ◽  
Anton Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Ficus Religiosa ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Holding

We studied distribution pattern of the epiphytic orchid Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume with respect to (i) site characteristics and host conditions, and (ii) the type and intensity of land use in Kathmandu Valley, central Nepal. We established a 1.5 km grid net and analyzed epiphytic orchids at each point, searching for 10 trees as close as possible to the grid point. There we analyzed bark water-holding capacity, bark pH, bark roughness and light intensity. We assessed the probability of the occurrence of R. retusa in different land use patterns. Our results indicated that R. retusa was not a host-specific orchid species. It was found on different host tree species. However, Ficus religiosa was the most common host species. The correlation between R. retusa occurrence and microclimate condition was weak. R. retusa, to a certain degree, preferred light intensity of 40-80% of full sun light, rough bark with pH around 6.5 and bark with a wide range of water holding capacity. The distribution pattern of R. retusa was influenced by certain types of land use. The probability to find R. retusa was highest in forest patches and parks and lowest in agricultural and dense populated area. The study reveals that to improve the population size of R. retusa, trees (mainly Alnus nepalensis, Ficus religiosa and Schima wallichii) should be planted in areas where the orchid species is recently missing.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/botor.v8i0.5956 Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2011) 8: 90-99

scholarly journals Non-Linear Response of PM2.5 Pollution to Land Use Change in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1612
Author(s):  
Debin Lu ◽  
Wanliu Mao ◽  
Wu Xiao ◽  
Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Non Linear

Land use change has an important influence on the spatial and temporal distribution of PM2.5 concentration. Therefore, based on the particulate matter (PM2.5) data from remote sensing instruments and land use change data in long time series, the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic and SP-SDM are employed to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of PM2.5 and its response to land use change in China. It is found that the average PM2.5 increased from 25.49 μg/m3 to 31.23 μg/m3 during 2000-2016, showing an annual average growth rate of 0.97%. It is still greater than 35 μg/m3 in nearly half of all cities. The spatial distribution pattern of PM2.5 presents the characteristics of concentrated regional convergence. PM2.5 is positively correlated with urban land and farmland, negatively correlated with forest land, grassland, and unused land. Furthermore, the average PM2.5 concentrations show the highest values for urban land and decrease in the order of farmland > unused land > water body > forest > grassland. The impact of land use change on PM2.5 is a non-linear process, and there are obvious differences and spillover effects for different land types. Thus, reasonably controlling the scale of urban land and farmland, optimizing the spatial distribution pattern and development intensity, and expanding forest land and grassland are conducive to curbing PM2.5 pollution. The research conclusions provide a theoretical basis for the management of PM2.5 pollution from the perspective of optimizing land use.

scholarly journals Sebaran Spasial Eceng Gondok (Echornia Crassipes) di Danau Tondano

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Agnes Tenly Moningkey ◽  
Anatje Lihiang ◽  
Mercy M. F. Rampengan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Water Hyacinths

The growth of water hyacinth in the waters of Lake Tondano can affect the lake's ecosystem due to its rapid growth and spread. Water hyacinth is a weed that damages the aquatic environment which, if its growth and development are not controlled, will reduce the amount of light entering the waters, evapotranspiration, and reduce the amount of water and can accelerate the process of silting the waters of Lake Tondano. The research objective was to determine the distribution pattern of water hyacinth in Lake Tondano from 2015 to 2020. The research method was descriptive qualitative and spatially analyzed data using geographic information systems. The data used are primary and secondary data, obtained through observation and field surveys and documentation. Based on the results of spatial analysis, it is known that the distribution pattern of water hyacinth in Lake Tondano has increased from 2015 with an area of 465.59 Ha, in 2016 the area was 848 Ha, in 2017 the area was 999,695 and there was a change in area decline, in 2018 the area was 675.87 Ha, and 2019 the area was 366.36 Ha. , and in 2020 the area of water hyacinth will increase to 995,797 hectares. The factors causing the uncontrolled distribution of water hyacinth in the waters of Lake Tondano can be due to the season (climate), sedimentation, or land use. The growth and development of water hyacinths have disrupted various community activities and have an impact on the process of silting the waters of the lake and damaging the beauty of Lake Tondano.

scholarly journals Optimization of Population Distribution Pattern in China Based on Land Use Efficiency

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minmin Li ◽  
Biao He ◽  
Renzhong Guo ◽  
You Li ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
National Level ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Economic Concentration

With the accelerating urbanization process, the population increasingly concentrates in urban areas. In view of the special situation in China and a series of problems in the process of rapid urbanization, there were no reasonable measures for optimizing the population pattern. This study explored the distribution pattern of the Chinese population and proposed an optimization plan for the population distribution using GIS analysis. The main findings were as follows. (1) From 2010 to 2015, the distribution of population density in China presented a pattern of high in the southeast and low in the northwest based on the county-level administrative regions. The population still showed a tendency to migrate to the southeast of the country based on the “Hu Huanyong Line”. (2) There was a great difference in the land use efficiency in terms of population and economic production in China. The economic concentration in China was higher than the population concentration. In the areas where population and economic production were aggregated, GDP per capita and land use efficiency were higher. (3) Based on the land use efficiency in terms of population and economic production, the optimized urbanization plan of “1+4+11” for China’s urbanization was put forward, namely, one national-level aggregated area of population and economic production, 4 regional-level aggregated areas of population and economic production, and 11 local regionally aggregated areas of population and economic production. This optimization plan for urbanization represents an attempt to explore the direction of China’s urbanization, and it can be used to optimize the spatial development pattern and provide scientific guidance for the new urbanization plan.

scholarly journals Spatial heterogeneity of satellite derived land surface parameters and energy flux densities for LITFASS-area

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 16219-16254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tittebrand ◽  
F. H. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Surface Parameters ◽  
Noaa Avhrr

Abstract. Remote sensing data provide area integrated information of surface properties in different spatial or temporal resolutions according to different sensor features. Landsat ETM+, Terra MODIS and NOAA-AVHRR surface temperature and spectral reflectance were used to infer further surface parameters and radiant- and energy flux densities for LITFASS-area, a 20×20 km2 heterogeneous area in Eastern Germany, mainly characterized by the land use types forest, crop, grass and water. Based on the Penman-Monteith-approach the actual latent heat flux (L.E), as key quantity of the hydrological cycle, is determined for each sensor in the accordant spatial resolution with an improved parametrization. However, using three sensors, significant discrepancies between the inferred parameters can cause flux distinctions resultant from differences of the sensor filter response functions or atmospheric correction methods. The approximation of MODIS- and AVHRR- derived surface parameters to the reference parameters of ETM (via regression lines and histogram stretching, respectively), further the use of accurate land use classifications (CORINE and a new Landsat-classification), and a consistent parametrization for the three sensors were realized to obtain a uniform base for investigations of the spatial variability. For the target area the spatial heterogeneity is analysed investigating frequency distribution functions (PDF) for surface parameters and energy fluxes. PDF is the most promising way to describe subgrid heterogeneity due to the given data in different spatial resolution. Aim of this study is to find typical distribution pattern of parameters (albedo, NDVI) for the determination of L.E determined from the highly resolved ETM data within pixel on coarser scale (MODIS, AVHRR). The analyses for 4 scenes in 2002 and 2003 showed that clear distribution-pattern for forest for NDVI and albedo are found. Grass and crop distributions show higher variability and differ significantly to each other in NDVI but only marginal in albedo. Regarding NDVI-distribution functions NDVI was found to be the key variable for L.E-determination.

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