scholarly journals Finding Better Job by Employed People as the Feature of Precarious Work

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-130
Author(s):  
Rim M. Valiakhmetov ◽  
◽  
Marcel S. Turakayev ◽  
Kabashova Yelena V. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Career Growth ◽  
Flexible Work Schedule ◽  
Willingness To Change ◽  
Labor Safety ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

The article is devoted to the set of signs and consequences of unstable employment, expressed in the desire and readiness to find abnew job with better working conditions. The article identifies two groups of factors that affect the probability of finding another job: 1)ba set of social and labor characteristics; 2)bа personal desire for professional and career growth. The willingness to change the place of work is manifested through the individual response of the working person to the working and living conditions. The search for abbetter job is most often prompted by such undesirable social and labor factors as employment without ablabor contract, underemployment or flexible work schedule, temporary nature of work, availability of additional work and overtime, dissatisfaction with working conditions, lack of labor safety guarantees, discrepancy between the place of permanent residence and the place of work (shift work, pendulum migration), etc. Abstimulating factor in the search for abbetter job is also the desire for professional or career growth. According to our research, employed respondents who believe that their level of education and qualifications allow them to perform more difficult work are more likely to search for another, namely abbetter job.

scholarly journals Spectral Pitch Similarity is a Predictor of Perceived Change in Sound- as Well as Note-Based Music

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 205920431984735
Author(s):  
Roger T. Dean ◽  
Andrew J. Milne ◽  
Freya Bailes
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Piano Music ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Discrete Events ◽  
Acoustic Intensity ◽  
Spectral Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Change ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
The Individual

Spectral pitch similarity (SPS) is a measure of the similarity between spectra of any pair of sounds. It has proved powerful in predicting perceived stability and fit of notes and chords in various tonal and microtonal instrumental contexts, that is, with discrete tones whose spectra are harmonic or close to harmonic. Here we assess the possible contribution of SPS to listeners’ continuous perceptions of change in music with fewer discrete events and with noisy or profoundly inharmonic sounds, such as electroacoustic music. Previous studies have shown that time series of perception of change in a range of music can be reasonably represented by time series models, whose predictors comprise autoregression together with series representing acoustic intensity and, usually, the timbral parameter spectral flatness. Here, we study possible roles for SPS in such models of continuous perceptions of change in a range of both instrumental (note-based) and sound-based music (generally containing more noise and fewer discrete events). In the first analysis, perceived change in three pieces of electroacoustic and one of piano music is modeled, to assess the possible contribution of (de-noised) SPS in cooperation with acoustic intensity and spectral flatness series. In the second analysis, a broad range of nine pieces is studied in relation to the wider range of distinctive spectral predictors useful in previous perceptual work, together with intensity and SPS. The second analysis uses cross-sectional (mixed-effects) time series analysis to take advantage of all the individual response series in the dataset, and to assess the possible generality of a predictive role for SPS. SPS proves to be a useful feature, making a predictive contribution distinct from other spectral parameters. Because SPS is a psychoacoustic “bottom up” feature, it may have wide applicability across both the familiar and the unfamiliar in the music to which we are exposed.

LONG‐TIME RESPONSE PREDICTED BY EXACT ELASTIC RAY THEORY

Geophysics ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Formal Solution ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Significant Figures

The formal solution for an axially symmetric radiation field in a multilayered, elastic system can be expanded in an infinite series. Each term in the series is associated with a particular raypath. It is shown that in the long‐time limit the individual response functions produced by a step input in particle velocity are given by polynomials in odd powers of the time. For rays which suffer m reflections, the degree of the polynomials is 2m+1. The total response is obtained by summing all rays which contribute in a specified time interval. When the rays are selected indiscriminately, the difference between the magnitude of the partial sum at an intermediate stage of computation and the magnitude of the correct total sum may be greater than the number of significant figures carried by the computer. A prescription is stated for arranging the rays into groups. Each group response function varies linearly in the long‐time limit and goes to zero when convolved with a physically realizable source function.

Individual variation in response to altitude training

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1448-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Chapman ◽  
James Stray-Gundersen ◽  
Benjamin D. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
The Individual

Moderate-altitude living (2,500 m), combined with low-altitude training (1,250 m) (i.e., live high-train low), results in a significantly greater improvement in maximal O2 uptake (V˙o 2 max) and performance over equivalent sea-level training. Although the mean improvement in group response with this “high-low” training model is clear, the individual response displays a wide variability. To determine the factors that contribute to this variability, 39 collegiate runners (27 men, 12 women) were retrospectively divided into responders ( n = 17) and nonresponders ( n = 15) to altitude training on the basis of the change in sea-level 5,000-m run time determined before and after 28 days of living at moderate altitude and training at either low or moderate altitude. In addition, 22 elite runners were examined prospectively to confirm the significance of these factors in a separate population. In the retrospective analysis, responders displayed a significantly larger increase in erythropoietin (Epo) concentration after 30 h at altitude compared with nonresponders. After 14 days at altitude, Epo was still elevated in responders but was not significantly different from sea-level values in nonresponders. The Epo response led to a significant increase in total red cell volume andV˙o 2 max in responders; in contrast, nonresponders did not show a difference in total red cell volume or V˙o 2 maxafter altitude training. Nonresponders demonstrated a significant slowing of interval-training velocity at altitude and thus achieved a smaller O2 consumption during those intervals, compared with responders. The acute increases in Epo and V˙o 2 maxwere significantly higher in the prospective cohort of responders, compared with nonresponders, to altitude training. In conclusion, after a 28-day altitude training camp, a significant improvement in 5,000-m run performance is, in part, dependent on 1) living at a high enough altitude to achieve a large acute increase in Epo, sufficient to increase the total red cell volume andV˙o 2 max, and 2) training at a low enough altitude to maintain interval training velocity and O2 flux near sea-level values.

Acute Blood Pressure Response to High- and Moderate-Speed Resistance Exercise in Older Adults With Hypertension

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo Machado ◽  
Régis Radaelli ◽  
Clarissa Muller Brusco ◽  
Eduardo Lusa Cadore ◽  
Eurico N. Wilhelm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Control Protocol ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

An increase in blood pressure (BP) occurs during resistance exercise; attention to this response may be necessary in older individuals with hypertension. We compared the BP responses following high- (HSRE) and moderate-speed resistance exercise (MSRE) (4 × 8 repetitions at 60% one-repetition maximum) and control protocol in 15 older adults with hypertension. HSRE and MSRE increased systolic BP (SBP) by the end of each set compared with preexercise and control protocol. Immediately after the fourth set, a higher SBP was observed in MSRE than HSRE (147 ± 14 vs. 141 ± 12 mmHg; p = .01). Taking an exploratory analysis of the individual response, we observed that MSRE resulted in greater mean changes and number of SBP exposures to values ≥150 mmHg (22-fold) than HSRE (10-fold). Diastolic BP increased (p < .05) with exercise, but only MSRE increased compared with the control condition (p < .05). HSRE may be an alternative for individuals in which SBP peak should be avoided.

scholarly journals Assessing the Influence of Living and Working Conditions on Alcohol Consumption in Migrant Farmworkers in Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Luis A. Valdez ◽  
Melanie L. Bell ◽  
David O. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Migrant Farmworkers ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Working And Living Conditions ◽  
The U.S

Background and Purpose: Inadequate working and living conditions are associated with alcohol consumption in farmworkers in the U.S. However, the influence of these factors on alcohol consumption patterns in migrant farmworkers in Mexico remains unclear. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the influence of housing and working conditions on alcohol use in migrant farmworkers in Mexico. Methods: We used logistic and ordinal logistic regression to examine the association of living and working conditions on alcohol consumption and frequency in 3,132 farmworkers in Mexico with data from a Mexican national farmworker’s survey. Results: Living in inadequately built homes (OR=0.84; 95% CI=0.72, 0.98; p

scholarly journals Spokojenost školních psychologů a pohled na klady a zápory jejich práce

E-psychologie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Marie Herynková ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
School Psychologists ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Work Schedule ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
Flexible Work Schedule

The research study discusses the view of school psychologists on the positive and negative aspects of their profession. In addition, the research aims to discover to what extent school psychologists are satisfied with their work. The results show that the most frequently mentioned positive aspects of the work of school psychologists are the possibility of direct work with clients, a flexible work schedule and a flexibility in working approach and diversity. On the contrary, the most frequently mentioned disadvantages are difficult relationships in the workplace, unclear role, and loneliness. A large part of the respondent sample (N = 61, 59 women) are job-satisfied. A statistically significant correlation was found between job satisfaction and the practice length as well as the number of weekly working hours.

scholarly journals Immune Homeostasis: New Role of Micro- and Macroelements, Healthy Microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 206-233
Author(s):  
S. Bulgakova ◽  
N. Romanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immunological Tolerance ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Medical Program ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Individual

The availability of innovative technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and correlated bioinformatics tools, allows deeper investigation of the cross-network relationships between the microbiota and human immune responses. Immune homeostasis is the balance between immunological tolerance and inflammatory immune responses — a key feature in the outcome of health or disease. A healthy microbiota is the qualitative and quantitative ratio of diverse microbes of individual organs and systems, maintaining the biochemical, metabolic and immune equilibrium of the macroorganism necessary to preserve human health. The studies of P. I. Romanchuk found that the microbiota is a key element potentially capable of influencing antigen functions to induce a protective immune response and the ability of the immune system to adequately respond to antigenic stimulation (vaccine efficacy) by acting as an immunological modulator as well as a natural vaccine adjuvant. The mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the immune system play a crucial role, especially at an early age (early gut microbiota forms immunological functions). New interactions, along with other genetic and environmental factors, lead to a certain composition and richness of the microbiota, which can diversify the individual response to vaccinations. Variations in microbial communities may explain the geographical effectiveness of vaccination. Modern technologies for quantifying the specific and functional characteristics of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, along with fundamental and new concepts in the field of immunology, have revealed numerous ways in which the interaction of the host and microbiota proceeds favorably, neutrally or unfavorably. The gut microbiota has a strong influence on the shape and quality of the immune system, respectively, the immune system determines the composition and localization of the microbiota. Thus, a healthy microbiota directly modulates intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis. The new managed healthy biomicrobiota and personalized functional and balanced nutrition of the “brain and microbiota” is a patient's long-term medical program that allows the combined use of nutritional epigenetics and pharmacepigenetics, and most importantly, an increase in the protective mechanisms of immunity.

scholarly journals La construcción social del sueño americano en la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos. Formación y proyectos migratorios de los estudiantes de enfermería

Revista Trace ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Patrick Pérez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Home Country ◽  
The United States ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
The Real ◽  
Conditions De Travail ◽  
Personnel De Santé ◽  
The Individual

En México, el “sueño americano” no deja de ser reciente, las expectativas del personal de cuidado de la salud en materia de movilidad dependen de la iniciativa individual. Los factores que determinan tanto la migración, como la admisión de los candidatos, son numerosos y difíciles de objetivar, debido a que se encuentran sedimentados por la historia y las complejas relaciones con Estados Unidos, que simbolizan la promesa de un “horizonte de movilidad abierto”, con referencia al cual se desprecian profundamente las condiciones de trabajo en el país de origen. Sin embargo, las condiciones reales de trabajo en Estados Unidos no son tan idílicas como los estudiantes gustan creerlo.Abstract: In Mexico, the “American dream” is still a topical issue. The expectations of the healthcare workers in terms of mobility depends on the individual initiative. The factors which determine migration, as well as the admission of candidates are numerous and uneasy to specify, given that they are frozen by history and complex relations with the United States, which symbolizes the promise of an “open mobility horizon”, in reference to the disregard of working conditions in their home country. However, the real working conditions in the United-States are not as idyllic as the students want to believe.Résumé : Au Mexique, le « rêve américain » n’en finit pas d’être d’actualité. Les perspectives du personnel de santé en matière de mobilité dépendent de l’initiative individuelle. Les facteurs déterminants de la migration, ainsi que de l’admission des candidats sont nombreux et difficiles à spécifier, puisqu’ils sont figés par l’histoire et les relations complexes avec les États-Unis, lesquels symbolisent la promesse d’un « horizon de mobilité ouvert », et font référence au mépris des conditions de travail dans le pays d’origine. Cependant, les conditions réelles de travail aux États-Unis ne sont pas aussi idylliques que les étudiants veulent le croire.

scholarly journals Self-regulation as a way to prevent professional burnout of teachers of higher education institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 00086
Author(s):  
I.F. Timerbulatov ◽  
I.R. Khabibullina ◽  
G.F. Tulitbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Professional Burnout ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Style

This article is devoted to the study of the issues of identifying the optimal working conditions of a teacher of a higher educational institution and the significant characteristics of the style of his activity (in particular, the peculiarities of the style of self-regulation) allows us to identify the factors that prevent the development of professional burnout. The significance of the work also lies in the possibility of using the results of the study both in the process of preventing professional burnout of teachers, and in conducting scientific research on such topics. The research materials can become the basis for educational work. In this regard, an experimental study is becoming relevant, the purpose of which is to study the influence of professional burnout on the individual style of pedagogical activity of a higher school teacher.

scholarly journals Structure and mechanics of aegagropilae fiber network

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (18) ◽  
pp. 4607-4612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautier Verhille ◽  
Sébastien Moulinet ◽  
Nicolas Vandenberghe ◽  
Mokhtar Adda-Bedia ◽  
Patrice Le Gal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Fiber Network ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Fiber Clustering ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
The Individual

Fiber networks encompass a wide range of natural and manmade materials. The threads or filaments from which they are formed span a wide range of length scales: from nanometers, as in biological tissues and bundles of carbon nanotubes, to millimeters, as in paper and insulation materials. The mechanical and thermal behavior of these complex structures depends on both the individual response of the constituent fibers and the density and degree of entanglement of the network. A question of paramount importance is how to control the formation of a given fiber network to optimize a desired function. The study of fiber clustering of natural flocs could be useful for improving fabrication processes, such as in the paper and textile industries. Here, we use the example of aegagropilae that are the remains of a seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) found on Mediterranean beaches. First, we characterize different aspects of their structure and mechanical response, and second, we draw conclusions on their formation process. We show that these natural aggregates are formed in open sea by random aggregation and compaction of fibers held together by friction forces. Although formed in a natural environment, thus under relatively unconstrained conditions, the geometrical and mechanical properties of the resulting fiber aggregates are quite robust. This study opens perspectives for manufacturing complex fiber network materials.

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