scholarly journals Major renovations of apartment complexes: Russian people’s projective attitudes and behavior practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-211
Author(s):  
Anna V. Ermishina ◽  
Lyudmila V. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Public Property ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This article analyzes the Russian people’s projective attitudes and behavior practices when it comes to participating in the funding and organizing of major renovations of apartment buildings. The empirical base for the study consists of data from sociological surveys conducted by VCIOM (2015-2020), the Institute of Sociology of the RAS (2003-2019), FOM (2015), Levada Center (2019), The European Social Survey (2016, 2018), as well as the authors’ own expert interviews conducted in 2020. The need to ensure the safety of housing, the complexity and high cost of renovations is a reasonable explanation for government interference in this sector. Russia’s housing legislature assigns responsibility for maintaining and renovating common property to apartment owners, while also stipulating a funding procedure for major renovations based on deposits made by property owners. The system currently in place in Russia for funding and organizing major renovations, which implies the existence of both a “common reserve” and “special accounts” for regulated property owner contributions (that resemble a tax), is far from perfect, it being associated with such issues as a lack of funding, low quality of major renovations, susceptibility to corruption, owners having insufficient control when it comes to decision making. While analyzing material from all-Russian and regional empirical studies, the gap becomes evident between projective attitudes and the actual behavior of Russian people in the realm of major renovations. Despite a marked critical attitude when it comes to evaluating utility service quality, not to mention the “common reserve” model (which is a way of pulling together funds for major renovations and keeping them on the regional operator’s account) being regarded as socially unjust, nevertheless property owners demonstrate a low degree of civic self-organization and meager capability when it comes to taking collective action (as in participating in apartment complex meetings to discuss major renovations, creating and transferring money to dedicated accounts, keeping track of the major renovation process etc.). The reasons why property owners are so slow to develop any efficiency largely lie in the specifics of the institutional collective decision-making environment in regards to the funding and execution of local public property renovation, which also includes major renovations of apartment buildings.

Knowing bears: An ethnographic study of knowledge and agency in human–bear cohabitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110150
Author(s):  
Svetoslava Toncheva ◽  
Robert Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Human Research ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This article explores a case of human–wildlife cohabitation in the Rodopi mountains of Bulgaria, wherein people and brown bears ( Ursus arctos) have adapted to living together in relative harmony. While this is due to a variety of factors, chief among these is the way both people and bears appear to pursue knowledge of one another and act on this knowledge so as to actively minimize potential for conflict. We draw on this case to contribute to growing discussion concerning how nonhumans should be understood and included within conservation policymaking. While conservation has conventionally been understood as something humans do on behalf of other species, a growing body of “more-than-human” research challenges this perspective as “anthropocentric” in arguing that nonhumans should be considered “co-constitutive actors” of the spaces they occupy. Based on this understanding, some go so far as to assert that a “multispecies ethics” demands that nonhumans be actively included in decision-making concerning such spaces’ governance. While our study indeed demonstrates that both humans and bears seem to mold their behavior in relation to their sensing of the other’s behavior, it also demonstrates that knowledge of bears’ behavior is ultimately always interpreted by humans in conservation management. Moreover, different groups of stakeholders hold different knowledge of bears that influence their attitudes and behavior towards the animals. The study thus raises important questions concerning how to incorporate bears (and other nonhumans) within conservation decision-making, and whose knowledge should be privileged in the process.

Consumer Ethnocentrism

2013 ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Marija Cutura
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Marketing Literature ◽  
Consumer Ethnocentrism ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Domestic Products

The concept of consumer ethnocentrism describes consumers’ feelings, attitudes, and behavior towards domestic products as subjects of pride and identity. As one of the most researched phenomena in the international marketing literature, consumer ethnocentrism is often considered an important informal barrier for international trade. Considering the fact that consumer ethnocentrism is becoming relevant for international marketing practice, the main goal of this chapter is to provide better understanding of this concept based on the analysis of consumer ethnocentrism studies. Implications of empirical studies mostly depend on the capability and range of generalization of their results. Analysis in this chapter is focused on comparability issues as a basic starting point for findings generalization and marketing implication improvements. The purpose of the analysis is to derive the most important guidelines for comprehensive consumer-centric strategies based on the studies of consumer ethnocentrism.

scholarly journals Emanating Effects: The Impact of the Oregon Citizens’ Initiative Review on Voters’ Political Efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine R Knobloch ◽  
Michael L Barthel ◽  
John Gastil
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ballot Measures ◽  
Deliberative Processes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Deliberative processes can alter participants’ attitudes and behavior, but deliberative minipublics connected to macro-level discourse may also influence the attitudes of non-participants. We theorize that changes in political efficacy occur when non-participants become aware of a minipublic and utilize its deliberative outputs in their decision making during an election. Statewide survey data on the 2010 and 2012 Oregon Citizens’ Initiative Reviews tested the link between awareness and use of the Citizens’ Initiative Review Statements and statewide changes in internal and external political efficacy. Results from a longitudinal 2010 panel survey show that awareness of the Citizens’ Initiative Reviews increases respondents’ external efficacy, whereas use of the Citizens’ Initiative Review Statements on ballot measures increases respondents’ internal efficacy. A cross-sectional 2012 survey found the same associations. Moreover, the 2010 survey showed that greater exposure to—and confidence in—deliberative outputs was associated with higher levels of both internal and external efficacy.

The Effect of Perceived Consequence on Automation Reliance in a Human-Automation Collaborative System

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (21) ◽  
pp. 1851-1855
Author(s):  
Neta Ezer ◽  
Arthur D. Fisk ◽  
Wendy A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Collaborative System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Different Levels

As automated systems are entering new environments, some of which involve high-risk decision making, it is critical that we understand in what situations people will or will not rely on the recommendations of automated decision aids. It is theorized that in deciding whether to trust automation people consider perceived consequence, weighing the cost associated with inappropriate action or inaction and the psychological cost associated with verifying the aid. This study will address the effect that perceived consequence has on attitudes and behavior toward decision aids by exposing participants to different levels of consequence, manipulated by the cost associated with making a mistake and the cost needed to verify the aid. It is expected that as the cost of making a mistake increases and the cost of verifying the automation decreases, trust and reliance in a decision aid will decrease.

scholarly journals Dilema Kebijakan Sanksi Swiss dalam Merespon Krisis Ukraina (2014-2020)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fachrie
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Interests ◽  
State Actors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research analyzes how Switzerland faces dilemmatic options in responding to the European Union Sanctions towards Russia in the crisis of Ukraine. Switzerland faces dilemmatic options, because it has good political and economic European Union. In this research, journals, books and reports are collected and used as data and theory in order to analyze the problem. Eventually, this research found that Switzerland decides to not directly relations with the European Union (EU) and Russia. In this study, the qualitative method is used to analyze the attitudes and behavior of Switzerland as a country in considering its national interests. Neoliberalism is used as a framework in analyzing the attitude and behavior of Swiss in imposing sanctions towards Russia as a response of its national interest, because this country considers non-state actors in decision making process in relations between Switzerland and European Union. Finally, this research found that Switzerland decides not to unequivocally support EU sanctions against Russia and choices for pragmatic behaviors.

“ATTITUDES VERSUS ACTIONS“: LAPIERE'S (1934) CLASSIC STUDY REVISITED

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry M. Dockery ◽  
Arthur G. Bedeian
Keyword(s):  
Primary Concern ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Attitude Questionnaire ◽  
Attitude Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

LaPiere's (1934) seminal research into the attitude-behavior relationship has been commonly misinterpreted as pointing out a discrepancy between attitudes and behavior. In fact, the actual discrepancy uncovered was between true attitudes – the tendency to act in a certain way – and that which is measured by an attitude questionnaire. LaPiere's primary concern was to point out the danger of assuming that questionnaire-assessed “attitudes” lead to actual behavior in specific situations. The present paper theoretically and methodologically critiques LaPiere's classic study.

Using Binding Communication to Promote Conservation Among Hotel Guests

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lohyd Terrier ◽  
Benedicte Marfaing
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Persuasive Message ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research applies the binding communication model to the sustainable communication strategies implemented in most hotels. The binding communication model links a persuasive message with the implementation of a low-cost commitment to strengthen the link between the attitudes and behavior of those receiving the message. We compared the effectiveness of a classical communication strategy (n = 86) with that of a binding communication strategy (n = 101) to encourage guests to choose sustainable behavior. Our results show that using the binding communication strategy generates significantly more sustainable behavior in guests than using the classical communication strategy. We discuss our results and suggest future avenues of research.

Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Iversen ◽  
Torbjørn Rundmo ◽  
Hroar Klempe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

If I Had Something to Add, I Would

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Lindquist ◽  
Emily E. Adams ◽  
Joseph A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Job Attitudes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Meeting Effectiveness ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. Most employees participate in workplace meetings, and their experiences in meetings can vary greatly, which can lead to positive or negative effects on both job attitudes and behavior. In this study, we examined the effect that a meeting attendee’s competence in the meeting topic had on their participation in the meeting and their perception of meeting effectiveness. Results indicated those with higher levels of competence in the meeting topic were more likely to participate and through participation found their meeting more effective; this relationship was stronger when employee dissent in the meetings was high. Leaders should ensure that those who are present in a meeting are competent in the topic of the meeting and encourage them to participate.

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