scholarly journals Volumetric losses of the compression process in a hypocycloidal pump in the light of the gas desorption effect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Karpiuk ◽  
Maciej Bajerlein ◽  
Marek Idzior ◽  
Rafał Smolec
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Gas Bubbles ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Gas Desorption ◽  
Fuel Atomization ◽  
Injection Pump ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
New Construction

The effect of gas desorption from the solution with nucleation of gas bubbles is a process that allows to improve fuel atomization in diesel engines. The advantage of such a process, which has been experimentally proven, is a significant reduction in harmful emissions. The conducted research highlighted one of the fundamental problems. This problem concerned the injection pump - it was necessary to design a new construction that would be adapted to the desorption effect. The authors of the work proposed a construction based on a hypocycloidal drive. Due to the nature of the process, i.e. the use of exhaust gases dissolved in diesel fuel, it was very important to analyze the volumetric losses of the compression process - this is the main goal of this article. The authors proved that for the adopted design assumptions, the power of volumetric losses resulting from compressibility is 0.25% of the power consumed by the pump.

Reducing the Environmental Pollution from Diesel Engine Fuelled with Eco- Friendly Biodiesel Blends

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Ramesh C ◽  
Murugesan A ◽  
Vijayakumar C
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Ignition Quality

Diesel engines are widely used for their low fuel consumption and better efficiency. Fuel conservation, efficiency and emission control are always the investigation points in the view of researchers in developing energy system. India to search for a suitable environmental friendly alternative to diesel fuel. The regulated emissions from diesel engines are carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HC), NOx and Particulate matter. It creates cancer, lungs problems, headaches and physical and mental problems of human. This paper focuses on the substitution of fossil fuel diesel with renewable alternatives fuel such as Biodiesel. Biodiesel is much clear than fossil diesel fuel and it can be used in any diesel engine without major modification. The experiment was conducted in a single-cylinder four-stroke water-cooled 3.4 kW direct injection compression ignition engine fueled with non-edible Pungamia oil biodiesel blends. The experimental results proved that up to 40% of Pungamia oil biodiesel blends give better results compared to diesel fuel. The AVL 444 di-gas analyzer and AVL 437 smoke meter are used to measure the exhaust emissions from the engine. The observation of results, non-edible Pongamia biodiesel blended fuels brake thermal efficiency (3.59%) is improved and harmful emissions like CO, unburned HC, CO2, Particulate matter, soot particles, NOx and smoke levels are 29.67%, 26.65%, 33.47%, 39.57%, +/- 3.5 and 41.03% is decreased respectively compared to the diesel fuel. This is due to biodiesel contains the inbuilt oxygen content, ignition quality, carbon burns fully, less sulphur content, no aromatics, complete CO2 cycle.

scholarly journals Effect of biodiesel on diesel engine emissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 5) ◽  
pp. 1483-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boban Nikolic ◽  
Breda Kegl ◽  
Sasa Milanovic ◽  
Milos Jovanovic ◽  
Zivan Spasic
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Extensive research has been carried out with regard to the composition of the exhaust gases of Diesel engines in operation with biodiesel in relation to the operation with the conventional diesel fuel. Producing biodiesel from different raw materials and different technological biodiesel production processes can result in different individual physical and chemical characteristics of fuel. Generally, it can be said that the use of biodiesel (and mixtures) reduces the overall toxicity of the exhaust gases in relation to the operation of the engine with diesel fuel, and this is a significant environmental potential of biodiesel as a fuel for Diesel engines. However, there is a diversity of research results, due to different factors. The paper reviews and summarizes the relevant literature on the mentioned research that can contribute to the explanation of these effects. It also points to the need for a very careful selection of biodiesel for use as a Diesel engine fuel.

scholarly journals Environmental Performance of Diesel Engines Running on Motor Fuel With Microalgae Bio-additives

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
S.A. Nagornov ◽  
◽  
A.N. Zazulya ◽  
Yu.V. Meshcheryakov ◽  
I.G. Golubev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gases

The prospects of using blended motor fuel with bioadditives from microalgae in diesel engines are shown. It has been proven that the composition of microalgae lipids is similar to that of vegetable oils. It was revealed that the density, viscosity and cetane number of the dietary supplements are higher and the sulfur content is lower in comparison with diesel fuel. It has been experimentally established that with an increase in the content of bioadditives in mixed motor fuel the smoke and toxicity of diesel exhaust gases decrease.

scholarly journals Analysis of CO2, CO, NO, NO2, and PM Particulates of a Diesel Engine Exhaust

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 4912-4916
Author(s):  
Q. B. Jamali ◽  
M. T. Bhatti ◽  
Q. A. Qazi ◽  
B. H. Kaurejo ◽  
I. A. Qazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Diesel Engine Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
And Performance

Exhaust emissions of a diesel engine are considered to be a substantial source of environmental pollution. Diesel engines are mainly used in vehicles and power generation. The usage of diesel engines is unavoidable as they give more power and performance, but at the same time, higher usage of diesel engines leads to increased air pollution, sound pollution, and emissions to the environment. Therefore, various attempts have been made to control the harmful emissions of engines. For this reason, different devices have been made such as catalytic convertors to overcome emission problems and purify the harmful gases. In order to meet these ends, a new system was designed that would contribute to controlling the air pollution of the engines. The system is also known as an aqua silencer, and its design is somehow different but still can be used as a silencer. The newly designed emission controller was installed in a test-bed diesel engine and a total of twenty experiments were conducted with and without the new emission controller at constant speed and at constant load. During these experiments, exhaust gases were analyzed with flue gas analyzers measuring CO2, CO, NO2, NO, and PM. The study concluded that the contaminants of diesel engine exhaust gases were) controlled by the developed emission controller.

scholarly journals Use of Gas Desorption Effect in Injection Systems of Diesel Engines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Maciej Bajerlein ◽  
Wojciech Karpiuk ◽  
Rafał Smolec
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Gas Desorption ◽  
Injection Pump

The article presents a concept of improving operation of the engine with the effect of gas desorption from a solution with nucleation of gas bubbles. This concept consists in dissolving gas in diesel fuel until the solution is in equilibrium. At a later stage, the phenomenon is reversed, and the gas is released from the solution during its injection into the combustion chamber. The purpose of the study is to present the idea of the desorption effect along with a thermodynamic analysis of the process and to study its impact on the operation of a diesel engine. The article also describes the most important features of the injection pump adapted to employ the desorption effect, which is a proprietary, patented solution. The conducted engine preliminary tests concerned the most important parameters of the engine’s operation (indicated pressure course, pressure growth rate, heat release rate, etc.) and the emission of harmful compounds (PM—particulate matter, CO, HC, and NOx—nitrogen oxides). A significant reduction of PM, CO, and HC, with a simultaneous increase in NOx emissions obtained in tests, confirmed that the desorption effect facilitated engine operation.

scholarly journals Formation of a Flow-Line Technical Diesel Engine by the Method of Safety-Free Diagnostics

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Pavlo Chishkala ◽  
Denis Meshkov ◽  
Oduard Bozhko
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Injection Equipment ◽  
Injection Pump

The analysis of diagnostic methods of diesel engines is given. The principle of diagnostics by certain methods, parameters, by which the diagnostics of fuel injection equipment is conducted, as well as disadvantages of one or another method are considered. The main causes of derangements in the nodes of the fuel injection equipment of diesel engines are determined. The examples have proved that the direct diagnostics methods are the most effective in determining correlation dependencies, for example, indicating the workflow in a diesel cylinder. It is particularly established that the methods of technical diagnostics do not require dismantling of the fuel injection equipment and have proven themselves to be versatile and operative, allowing to comprehensively evaluate the condition of the diesel. The methods of non-separable diagnostic of the condition of a diesel engine are described in detail, the features of such indirect diagnostic methods as vibration, acoustic, indirect indicating by determining the voltage in the cylinder head studs, estimation of the wear rate of component parts with a metal content in engine oil, as well as diagnosing with uneven rate speed of the crankshaft. The vibro-acoustic diagnostic method of a diesel engine can be used to determine the technical condition of such elements as a diesel fuel injection pump , nozzles, and a fuel-priming pump. In addition, the characteristics of motor testers, highly specialized testers and auto scanners are given. A diagnostic feature using a computer auto scanner is that it allows evaluating the condition of nodes in a comprehensive manner, that is, taking into account the mutual influence of derangements on each other. It is noted that the methods that do not require disassembling can be considered the most effective, and the most accurate assessment of the technical condition of the diesel fuel system can be given using the diagnostic method according to the parameters of work processes.

scholarly journals ОЦЕНКА РЕГУЛИРОВОЧНЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ДИЗЕЛЯ ПРИ ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНОМ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИИ  НА  ДТ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Kartashevich ◽  
S.A. Plotnukov ◽  
M.V. Motovilova
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Injection Pump ◽  
Installation Angle ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Thermal Influence

Цель исследований экспериментальное определение регулировочных показателей дизельного двигателя Д-245.5S2 при его работе на высокотемпературном дизельном топливе. Объект исследования экспериментальная установка: двигатель Д-245.5S2, электротормозной стенд RAPIDO SAK N670 с балансирной маятниковой машиной. Значение установочного угла опережения впрыскивания топлива изменялось в диапазоне от 10 до 30 градусов, через каждые четыре градуса. Испытания проводились на дизельном и подогретом дизельном топливе. Температура подогрева топлива составляла 100 С и 300 С. Предварительное тепловое воздействие на топливо осуществлялось при помощи нагревательного устройства. Подогрев дизельного топлива производился на линии высокого давления между ТНВД и форсункой. Опираясь на полученные в результате испытаний экспериментальные данные, были установлены зависимости регулировочных показателей дизеля при его работе на подогретом топливе. Также выявлены изменения токсичности и дымности отработавших газов при разных значениях установочного угла опережения впрыскивания топлива. Приведены графики регулировочных характеристик по установочному углу опережения впрыскивания топлива без подогрева и с подогревом до 100 С и 300 С (эффективные показатели, показатели токсичности и дымности отработавших газов при частоте вращения коленчатого вала n1800 мин-1). В результате испытаний установлено, что применение подогретого топлива не оказывает заметного влияния на работоспособность форсунки и систему питания дизельного двигателя. Угол опережения впрыскивания топлива впр, при котором эффективные показатели работы двигателя являются оптимальными, составляет 18-22 градуса.The purpose of research experimental determination of the adjustment parameters of the diesel engine D-245.5S2 at its operation on high temperature diesel fuel. Object of study: experimental setup (engine D-245.5S2, electric brake stand RAPIDO SAK N670 with balancing pendulum machine). The value of the angle of advance of fuel injection was varied in the range from 10 to 30 degrees, at intervals of four degrees. Tests were carried out on diesel and heated diesel fuel. Fuel heating temperature 100C and 300C. Preliminary thermal influence on fuel was carried out by means of the heating device. Heating of diesel fuel was carried out on the high pressure line between the injection pump and the nozzle. Based on the experimental data obtained as a result of the tests, the dependence of the adjustment parameters of the diesel during its operation on heated fuel was established. Also, changes in toxicity and smoke, exhaust gases from different values of the installation angle of advance of fuel injection were revealed. The graphs of the adjustment characteristics of the installation angle of advance fuel injection without heating and heated 100C and 300C (effective indicators, indicators of toxicity and smoke in the exhaust gases at a speed of the crankshaft n1800 min-1). As a result of the tests, it was found that the use of heated fuel does not have a noticeable effect on the performance of the injector and the power supply system of the diesel engine. A corner of an advancing of injection of fuel впр at which efficient performance of the engine are the optimum is 18/22.

scholarly journals ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЦЕТАНОВОГО ЧИСЛА ДИЗЕЛЬНОГО ПАЛИВА ПРИ ДОМІШКАХ НАНОПОРОШКА ОКСИДА АЛЮМІНІЯ (AL2O3)

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
В.І. Кулік В.І. ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The World ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Harmful Substances

The main trends in modern diesel engines are the increase in fuel efficiency and operational reliability of engines, as well as their environmental safety, mainly related to stringent emission requirements for exhaust gases. The necessity of the world navy fleet in the non-existent amount of fuel is clarified, the forecast is made, which implies further increase of its consumption. The total capacity of marine engines in the world, and in the longterm perspective, until 2050, is determined. The number of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere by the ships of the world fleet is shown, international norms are regulated, which strictly regulate the number of these emissions, as well as the dynamics of the strengthening of norms for the present and for the future. Certain types of technological emissions and the composition of harmful substances in the exhaust gases of marine engines have been identified. They make up 0.1 - 1.0% of total emissions, are in gaseous state and include carbon monoxide oxides, NOx nitrogen, SOx sulfur, and hydrocarbon CrNy. Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with off-gas from marine diesel engines account for about 14% of global NOx emissions from the combustion of all types of fossil hydrocarbon fuels The analysis of methods of their purification is carried out. An analysis of recent publications has been carried out It is known that the quality of diesel fuel, its physical and chemical properties, affect the fuel economy and the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases of the engine. The most common way to ensure the required properties of diesel fuel is the introduction of multifunctional impurities. The groups of impurities to diesel fuel are given. The influence of nano-metal impurity on Al2O3 fuel is analyzed. The analysis of diesel fuel with an admixture of aluminum oxide nanopowders (Al2O3) gamma-modification. It has been established that the additive to diesel fuel based on AL2O3 nanopowders is promising. It is expedient to carry out a complex of motor tests for introduction of an additive on the sea and river fleet

USE OF NORTHERN ECOTYPE SOYBEANS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. DEVYANIN ◽  
◽  
VLADIMIR A. MARKOV ◽  
ALEKSANDR G. LEVSHIN ◽  
TAMARA P. KOBOZEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Toxic Components

The paper presents the results of long-term research on the oil productivity and chemical composition of soybean oil of the Northern ecotype varieties in the Central Non-Black Earth Region. The authors consider its possible use for biodiesel production. Experiments on growing soybeans were carried out on the experimental fi eld of Russian State Agrarian University –Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (2008-2019) on recognized ultra-early ripening varieties of the Northern ecotype Mageva, Svetlaya, Okskaya (ripeness group 000). Tests were set and the research results were analyzed using standard approved methods. It has been shown that in conditions of high latitudes (57°N), limited thermal resources of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia (the sum of active temperatures of the growing season not exceeding 2000°С), the yield and productivity of soybeans depend on the variety and moisture supply. Over the years, the average yield of soybeans amounted to 1.94 … 2.62 t/ha, oil productivity – 388 … 544 kg/ha, oil content – 19…20%, the content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in oil – 60%, and their output from seeds harvested – 300 kg/ha. It has been established that as soybean oil and diesel fuel have similar properties,they can be mixed by conventional methods in any proportions and form stable blends that can be stored for a long time. Experimental studies on the use of soybean oil for biodiesel production were carried out on a D-245 diesel engine (4 ChN11/12.5). The concentrations of toxic components (CO, CHx, and NOx) in the diesel exhaust gases were determined using the SAE-7532 gas analyzer. The smoke content of the exhaust gases was measured with an MK-3 Hartridge opacimeter. It has been experimentally established that the transfer of a diesel engine from diesel fuel to a blend of 80% diesel fuel and 20% lubrication oil leads to a change in the integral emissions per test cycle: nitrogen oxides in 0.81 times, carbon monoxide in 0.89 times and unburned hydrocarbons in 0.91 times, i.e. when biodiesel as used as a motor fuel in a serial diesel engine, emissions of all gaseous toxic components are reduced. The study has confi rmed the expediency of using soybeans of the Northern ecotype for biofuel production.

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