scholarly journals Antioxidant activities and antidiabetic potential of extract of fruits from the Myrtaceae family: inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Simone Muniz Pacheco ◽  
Rejane Giacomelli Tavares ◽  
Mauricio Seifert ◽  
Leonardo Nora ◽  
Rafael de Almeida Schiavon
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Edible Fruit ◽  
Forest Region

There is a great diversity of plants which are grown in the Atlantic Forest region of Brazil that produce small, colorful, edible fruit that are used in empiric mode to treat several diseases, such as diabetes, as fruits are a rich source of dietary phenolic antioxidants. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory activity of methanolic fruit extracts from the Myrtaceae family - Psidium cattleianum (araçá), Syzygium cumini (jambolão), Campomanesia xanthocarpa (guabiroba), Eugenia uniflora (pitanga) and Eugenia pyriformis (uvaia) - against α-amylase and intestinal α-glucosidase (maltose and sucrose). The antioxidant activities were evaluated using two different in vitro assays: the 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) test and the 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test. The extracts of P. cattleianum, S. cumini, E. pyriformis inhibited α-amylase activity between 13% and 60% (p<0.05). The extracts of P. cattleianum also inhibited α-glucosidase activity with either maltose or sucrose as substrate between 15% and 61% (p<0.05). Additionally, these fruits are rich in phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Seeds Oil: Fatty Acids Profiling by GC-MS and NMR and Bioactivity

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Sergio Rosselli ◽  
Rosa Tundis ◽  
Maurizio Bruno ◽  
Mariarosaria Leporini ◽  
Tiziana Falco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Sterculic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Β Carotene

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses, the antioxidant activities evaluated by different in vitro assays namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), Ferric Reducing Ability Power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching tests, and the inhibitory effects of enzymes linked to obesity (lipase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase) of fixed seed oil of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.). Fourteen compounds were identified. Linoleic acid (28.22%) was the most abundant followed by palmitic acid (19.56%). Malvalic acid (16.15%), sterculic acid (11.11%), and dihydrosterculic acid (2.74%) were also detected. C. speciosa fixed oil exerted a promising ABTS radicals scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 10.21 µg/mL, whereas an IC50 of 77.44 µg/mL against DPPH+ radicals was found. C. speciosa fixed oil inhibited lipase with an IC50 value of 127.57 µg/mL. The present investigation confirmed the functional properties of C. speciosa fixed oil, and proposes its use as valuable source of bioactive constituents.

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petkova ◽  
Manol Ognyanov ◽  
Blaga Inyutin ◽  
Petar Zhelev ◽  
Panteley Denev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Malus Baccata

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Larval Extracts Induce Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Migratory Effects on MCF7 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3303
Author(s):  
Amina M. G. Zedan ◽  
Mohamed I. Sakran ◽  
Omar Bahattab ◽  
Yousef M. Hawsawi ◽  
Osama Al-Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Vespa Orientalis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The use of insects as a feasible and useful natural product resource is a novel and promising option in alternative medicine. Several components from insects and their larvae have been found to inhibit molecular pathways in different stages of cancer. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae on breast cancer MCF7 cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that individual treatment with 5% aqueous or alcoholic larval extract inhibited MCF7 proliferation but had no cytotoxic effect on normal Vero cells. The anticancer effect was mediated through (1) induction of apoptosis, as indicated by increased expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, caspase3, and p53) and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2; (2) suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species; (3) elevation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and upregulation of the antioxidant regulator Nrf2 and its downstream target HO-1; (4) inhibition of migration as revealed by in vitro wound healing assay and downregulation of the migration-related gene MMP9 and upregulation of the anti-migratory gene TIMP1; and (5) downregulation of inflammation-related genes (NFκB and IL8). The aqueous extract exhibited the best anticancer effect with higher antioxidant activities but lower anti-inflammatory properties than the alcoholic extract. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds with highest concentrations for resveratrol and naringenin in aqueous extract and rosmarinic acid in alcoholic extract. This is the first report to explain the intracellular pathway by which flavonoids and phenolic compounds-rich extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae could induce MCF7 cell viability loss through the initiation of apoptosis, activation of antioxidants, and inhibition of migration and inflammation. Therefore, these extracts could be used as adjuvants for anticancer drugs and as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Delivery of Phenolic Compounds, Peptides and β-Glucan to the Gastrointestinal Tract by Incorporating Dietary Fibre-Rich Mushrooms into Sorghum Biscuits

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1812
Author(s):  
Juncai Tu ◽  
Margaret Anne Brennan ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Weidong Bai ◽  
Ping Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Peptide ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fibre

Sorghum biscuits were enriched with mushroom powders (Lentinula edodes, Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis) at 5%, 10% and 15% substitution levels. An in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to evaluate the effect of this enrichment on the phenolic content and soluble peptide content as well as antioxidant activities of the gastric or intestinal supernatants (bio-accessible fractions), and the remaining portions of phenolic compounds, antioxidants and β-glucan in the undigested residue (non-digestible fraction). The phenolic content of the gastric and intestinal supernatants obtained from digested mushroom-enriched biscuits was found to be higher than that of control biscuit, and the phenolic content was positively correlated to the antioxidant activities in each fraction (p < 0.001). L. edodes and T. fuciformis enrichment increased the soluble protein content (small peptide) of sorghum biscuits after in vitro digestion. All mushroom enrichment increased the total phenolic content and β-glucan content of the undigested residue and they were positively correlated (p < 0.001). The insoluble dietary fibre of biscuits was positively correlated with β-glucan content (p < 0.001) of undigested residue. These findings suggested that enriching food with mushroom derived dietary fibre increases the bioavailability of the non-digestible β-glucan and phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Extraction, Purification and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds in California Olive Pomace

Foods ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Hefei Zhao ◽  
Roberto J. Avena-Bustillos ◽  
Selina C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Crude Extracts

Olive pomace (OP) is a valuable food byproduct that contains natural phenolic compounds with health benefits related to their antioxidant activities. Few investigations have been conducted on OP from the United States while many studies on European OP have been reported. OP of Arbequina, the most common cultivar from California, was collected and extracted by water, 70% methanol and 70% ethanol, followed by purification using macroporous absorbing resin. Results showed that the extractable total phenolic content (TPC) was 36–43 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g in pitted, drum-dried defatted olive pomace (DOP), with major contributions from hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, rutin, verbascoside, 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, hydroxytyrosol-glucoside and tyrosol-glucoside. Macroporous resin purification increased TPC by 4.6 times the ethanol crude extracts of DOP, while removing 37.33% total sugar. The antioxidant activities increased 3.7 times Trolox equivalents (TrE) by DPPH and 4.7 times TrE by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in the resin purified extracts compared to the ethanol crude extracts. This study provided a new understanding of the extraction of the bioactive compounds from OP which could lead to practical applications as natural antioxidants, preservatives and antimicrobials in clean-label foods in the US.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activities and A549 lung adenocarcinomic cells against capacity from various extracts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Quang Ung Le ◽  
◽  
Horng Liang Lay ◽  
Ming Chang Wu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Capacity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb (AL) has received considerable attention as a herbal medicine for its applications in ethnopharmacology with heath benefits. This study aimed to investigate antioxidant activities and A549 growth inhibitory capacity from its root extract (RE) and aerial parts extract (AE). The 50% ethanol extracts were used for the tests. The total polyphenol content and the antioxidant effects comprising ABTS+ and DPPH free radical scavenging activities were evaluated. Phenolic compounds in the extracts were isolated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lactate dehydrogenase released in medium was also evaluated. Total phenolic and flavonoid content, and in vitro antioxidant potential of the RE were higher (p<0.01) than that of the AE. Two individual phenolic compounds consisting of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-coumaric acid were firstly identified in both by HPLC. The RE exhibited higher A549 inhibitory capacity compared to the AE and activated the apoptotic proteins of bcl-2, bax, bad, caspase-3 and caspase-9 in A549. In conclusion, the AL extracts were more effective in antioxidant and A549 cells inhibitory capacity.

Identification and in vitro antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds isolated from Cynoglossum cheirifolium L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bensaid Ilhem ◽  
Atik Bekkara Fawzia ◽  
El Haci Imad Abdelhamid ◽  
Belarbi Karima ◽  
Beddou Fawzia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities

Antioxidant Activities of Flavonoids from Canavalia maritime

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 577-581
Author(s):  
Jian Chao Deng ◽  
Gai Gai Niu ◽  
Lai Hao Li ◽  
Xian Qing Yang ◽  
Yong Chuan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Counter Current

Flavonoids was isolated from canavalia maritime by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) coupled with high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The antioxidant activities of flavonoids were investigated in vitro and evaluated by IC50. The results indicated that flavonoids possessed obvious reducing power and significant inhibitory effects on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical. These results suggest that canavalia maritime flavonoids could be a suitable natural antioxidant for humans.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Structure and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Cinchona—Chalcone Hybrids with 1,4-Disubstituted- and 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole Linkers

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jernei ◽  
Duró ◽  
Dembo ◽  
Lajkó ◽  
Takács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Conformational Space ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Cyclization Reactions ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Dft Modelling

By means of copper(I)-and ruthenium(II)-catalyzed click reactions of quinine- and quinidine-derived alkynes with azide-substituted chalcones a systematic series of novel cinchona-chalcone hybrid compounds, containing 1,4-disubstituted- and 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole linkers, were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity on four human malignant cell lines (PANC-1, COLO-205, A2058 and EBC-1). In most cases, the cyclization reactions were accompanied by the transition-metal-catalyzed epimerization of the C9-stereogenic centre in the cinchona fragment. The results of the in vitro assays disclosed that all the prepared hybrids exhibit marked cytotoxicity in concentrations of low micromolar range, while the C9-epimerized model comprising quinidine- and (E)-1-(4-(3-oxo-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)phenyl) fragments, connected by 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole linker, and can be regarded as the most potent lead of which activity is probably associated with a limited conformational space allowing for the adoption of a relatively rigid well-defined conformation identified by DFT modelling. The mechanism of action of this hybrid along with that of a model with markedly decreased activity were approached by comparative cell-cycle analyses in PANC-1 cells. These studies disclosed that the hybrid of enhanced antiproliferative activity exerts significantly more extensive inhibitory effects in subG1, S and G2/M phases than does the less cytotoxic counterpart.

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