scholarly journals Sífilis: Prevalência num Hospital de Lisboa

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonor Lopes ◽  
Rita Ferro-Rodrigues ◽  
Samuel Llobet ◽  
Luís Lito ◽  
João Borges-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Early Syphilis ◽  
Latent Syphilis

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Syphilis is a sexual and vertical transmitted disease. Its incidence is increasing in Europe, particularly, in Portugal.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> A descriptive, retrospective study was performed based on positive treponemal tests from January to December 2013, at the Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon. In-patients and out-patients evaluated in medical appointments and at the emergency department were included. We proceeded to epidemiological characterization, disease classification and definition of risk factors.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> We obtained a sample of 580 patients, of whom 51 with no clinical data and 45 with false positive serologies were excluded. There was a predominance of male patients (75%) and a mean age of 47 years. Most (59%) had syphilis successfully treated in the past and 3.7% were in follow-up. We recorded 13 primaries syphilis, 71 cases of secondary syphilis, 40 cases of early latent syphilis, 49 unknown duration syphilis and five cases of late latent syphilis. In the early syphilis group, 42% (n = 124) were HIV-positive and, in 8% both diagnosis were done simultaneously.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> We emphasize the high prevalence of syphilis/HIV co-infection in patients with early syphilis, reinforcing the importance of promoting the use of preventive measures. We obtained 11% of patients with late clinical forms, which are notifiable since June 2014, in Portugal. All serological tests for the diagnosis of syphilis have limitations which emphasizes the importance of clinical-laboratory correlation.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Syphilis remains an important public health problem. It is necessary to establish education programs, screening and follow-up strategies to reduce their prevalence and to perform more efficient screening of the partners.</p>

scholarly journals Sífilis: Prevalência num Hospital de Lisboa

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Leonor Lopes ◽  
Rita Ferro-Rodrigues ◽  
Samuel Llobet ◽  
Luís Lito ◽  
João Borges-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Early Syphilis ◽  
Latent Syphilis

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Syphilis is a sexual and vertical transmitted disease. Its incidence is increasing in Europe, particularly, in Portugal.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> A descriptive, retrospective study was performed based on positive treponemal tests from January to December 2013, at the Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon. In-patients and out-patients evaluated in medical appointments and at the emergency department were included. We proceeded to epidemiological characterization, disease classification and definition of risk factors.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> We obtained a sample of 580 patients, of whom 51 with no clinical data and 45 with false positive serologies were excluded. There was a predominance of male patients (75%) and a mean age of 47 years. Most (59%) had syphilis successfully treated in the past and 3.7% were in follow-up. We recorded 13 primaries syphilis, 71 cases of secondary syphilis, 40 cases of early latent syphilis, 49 unknown duration syphilis and five cases of late latent syphilis. In the early syphilis group, 42% (n = 124) were HIV-positive and, in 8% both diagnosis were done simultaneously.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> We emphasize the high prevalence of syphilis/HIV co-infection in patients with early syphilis, reinforcing the importance of promoting the use of preventive measures. We obtained 11% of patients with late clinical forms, which are notifiable since June 2014, in Portugal. All serological tests for the diagnosis of syphilis have limitations which emphasizes the importance of clinical-laboratory correlation.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Syphilis remains an important public health problem. It is necessary to establish education programs, screening and follow-up strategies to reduce their prevalence and to perform more efficient screening of the partners.</p>

E-Ophthalmology in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Chronic Glaucoma

2013 ◽  
pp. 88-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Andonegui ◽  
Aitor Eguzkiza ◽  
Mikel Auzmendi ◽  
Luis Serrano ◽  
Ane Zurutuza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Chronic Glaucoma

e-Ophthalmology is the use of information and telecommunications technologies to provide or support a group of activities related to ophthalmic care. Chronic glaucoma is an ocular disease characterized by optic neuropathy that leads to progressive loss of the visual fields and often is associated with elevated intraocular pressure levels. Glaucoma is an important public health problem because it is one of the main causes of blindness worldwide and generates an important demand for ophthalmologic consultations. The aim of this chapter is to discuss the application e-Ophthalmology-based models in the diagnosis and follow-up of chronic glaucoma. The authors describe the current status of the use of e-Ophthalmology-based models in the screening and follow-up of chronic glaucoma, the main advantages of these models, the technologic requirements for their implementation, and future trends in this field.

scholarly journals Imunopatogenesis Treponema pallidum dan Pemeriksaan Serologi

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrida Efrida ◽  
Elvinawaty Elvinawaty
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Tertiary Syphilis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Latent Syphilis

AbstrakSifilis adalah penyakit menular seksual yang sangat infeksius, disebabkan oleh bakteri berbentuk spiral, Treponema pallidum subspesies pallidum. Penyebaran sifilis di dunia telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang besar dengan jumlah kasus 12 juta pertahun. Infeksi sifilis dibagi menjadi sifilis stadium dini dan lanjut. Sifilis stadium dini terbagi menjadi sifilis primer, sekunder, dan laten dini. Sifilis stadium lanjut termasuk sifilis tersier (gumatous, sifilis kardiovaskular dan neurosifilis) serta sifilis laten lanjut. Sifilis primer didiagnosis berdasarkan gejala klinis ditemukannya satu atau lebih chancre (ulser). Sifilis sekunder ditandai dengan ditemukannya lesi mukokutaneus yang terlokalisir atau difus dengan limfadenopati. Sifilis laten tanpa gejala klinis sifilis dengan pemeriksaan nontreponemal dan treponemal reaktif, riwayat terapi sifilis dengan titer uji nontreponemal yang meningkat dibandingkan dengan hasil titer nontreponemal sebelumnya. Sifilis tersier ditemukan guma dengan pemeriksaan treponemal reaktif, sekitar 30% dengan uji nontreponemal yang tidak reaktifKata kunci: sifilis, Treponema pallidum, serologiAbstractSyphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that is highly infectious, caused by a spiral -shaped bacterium, Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The spread of syphilis in the world has become a major health problem and the common, the number of 12 million cases per year. Infectious syphilis is divided into early and late-stage syphilis. Early-stage syphilis is divided into primary, secondary, and early latent. Advanced stage of syphilis include tertiary syphilis (gumatous, cardiovascular syphilis, and neurosyphilis) and late latent syphilis. Primary syphilis is diagnosed by clinical symptoms of the discovery of one or more chancre (ulcer). Secondary syphilis is characterized by the finding of localized mucocutaneous lesions or with diffuse lymphadenopathy. Latent syphilis without clinical symptoms of syphilis with a nontreponemal and treponemal reactive examination, history of syphilis therapy in nontreponemal test titer increased compared with the results of previous nontreponemal titers. Tertiary syphilis is found guma with reactive treponemal examination, approximately 30% of the non- reactive nontreponemal testKeywords: syphilis, Treponema pallidum, serologi

scholarly journals Clinical and imaging selection criteria treating lumbar disc herniations by oxygen-ozone therapy, corticosteroid and local anaesthetic.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Mario Muto ◽  
Francesco Giurazza ◽  
Ricardo Pimentel Silva ◽  
Gianluigi Guarnieri
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ozone Therapy ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Disc Herniations

Radicular lumbar back pain is an important public health problem not already provided with a unequivocal treatment approach. Medical and physical therapies represent the first solution, however when these are not successful, the second therapeutic step is still controversial and mini-invasive treatment may play an important role. In these cases oxygen-ozone therapy has been proved to be a very safe and effective option that is widely used with different modalities. This paper, by reviewing oxygen-ozone therapy literature data, aims to propose an effective procedural technique and to clarify patient’s selection criteria; furthermore complications and follow-up management are also considered.

Syphilis (Treponema pallidum)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark N. Gilroy ◽  
Juan C. Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Syphilis, a chronic, sexually transmitted disease caused by the extracellular spirochete Treponema pallidum, has exhibited a remarkable resurgence in recent years. Despite the existence of inexpensive, easily administered, and highly effective antibiotic treatments, maternal and neonatal syphilis infections continue to be a major global public health problem. In addition to its potential to cause morbidity in the mother, untreated gestational syphilis (GS) can lead to serious adverse outcomes in the offspring, including stillbirth, prematurity, low birth weight, and neonatal death. Congenital syphilis (CS) is regarded as a missed opportunity during the antenatal care of the mother, resulting from socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors that promote mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis. This chapter emphasizes emerging concepts about screening aimed at controlling the ongoing epidemic, including serological screening of mother and infant, newer paradigms of “reverse screening,” clinical presentation, therapy, and long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities that must be a component of follow-up care.

scholarly journals Treponema pallidumNucleic Acid Amplification Testing To Augment Syphilis Screening among Men Who Have Sex with Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Golden ◽  
Meghan O’Donnell ◽  
Sheila Lukehart ◽  
Paul Swenson ◽  
Paul Hovey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Syphilis Screening ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Latent Syphilis

ABSTRACTSyphilis rates in much of the world are now at their highest levels in almost three decades, and new approaches to controlling syphilis, including diagnostic tests with shorter window periods, are urgently needed. We compared the sensitivity of syphilis serological testing using the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test with that of the combination of serological testing and an experimental 23S rRNATreponema pallidumreal-time transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay performed on rectal and pharyngeal mucosal swabs.T. pallidumPCR assays for thetpp47gene were performed on all TMA-positive specimens, as well as specimens from 20 randomly selected TMA-negative men. A total of 545 men who have sex with men (MSM) who were seen in a sexually transmitted disease clinic provided 506 pharyngeal specimens and 410 rectal specimens with valid TMA results. Twenty-two men (4%) were diagnosed with syphilis on the basis of positive RPR test results and clinical diagnoses, including 3 men with primary infections, 8 with secondary syphilis, 9 with early latent syphilis, 1 with late latent syphilis, and 1 with an unstaged infection. Two additional men were diagnosed based on positive rectal mucosal TMA assay results alone, and both also tested positive by PCR assay. At least 1 specimen was TMA positive for 12 of 24 men with syphilis (sensitivity, 50% [95% confidence interval [CI], 29 to 71%]). RPR testing and clinical diagnosis were 92% sensitive (95% CI, 73 to 99%) in identifying infected men. Combining mucosal TMA testing and serological testing may increase the sensitivity of syphilis screening in high-risk populations.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Displacement Management: Lateral Luxation and Alveolar Bone Fracture in Young Permanent Teeth with 5 Years of Follow-Up

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heitor Marques Honório ◽  
Catarina Ribeiro Barros de Alencar ◽  
Edmer Silvestre Pereira Júnior ◽  
Daniela Silva Barroso de Oliveira ◽  
Gabriela Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
External Impact

Dental trauma is an important public health problem due to high prevalence and associated limitations. The external impact accounting for trauma may result in different injury types to teeth and supporting structures. This paper describes a clinical case of tooth trauma in an 8-year-old patient exhibiting the displacement of three permanent teeth with open root apexes. Although the traumatic impact resulted in two injury types to teeth and supporting tissues (lateral luxation and alveolar bone fracture), the therapeutic approach was the same in both situations. The bone and teeth were repositioned by digital pressure, stabilized by semirigid splint, and followed up at every week. After six weeks, the splint was removed. At that moment, the clinical and radiographic findings indicated normal soft/hard tissues and absence of pulp/periodontal pathologies. At the fifth year of follow-up, the treatment success of the case was confirmed, although it has been observed that all lower incisors exhibited pulp obliteration as a consequence of the dental trauma.

scholarly journals 1Development of persuasive message to encourage help-seeking for depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Machi Suka ◽  
Takashi Yamauchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Neutral Loss ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Persuasive Messages ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Design And Testing

Abstract Background Delayed initial treatment contact for mental disorders is an important public health problem. The objective of this study was to develop persuasive messages to encourage help-seeking for depression. Methods Firstly, we conducted a questionnaire survey among Japanese adults to understand the reasons why people avoid seeking professional help for depression (BMC Public Health 2016). Secondly, we created 6 depression help-seeking messages with 3 frames× 2 formats and assessed their effectiveness in eliciting help-seeking intentions for depression (BMJ Open 2018). Thirdly, we redesigned the loss-framed formatted message to make it more visually appealing and made a trial of repeated message exposure with the aim of sustaining the messaging effect over time. Results Less than 40 % of survey participants reported a positive help-seeking intention for depression. The neutral-, loss-, and gain-framed messages were selected so as to be matched against the top 3 reasons for having no help-seeking intention, respectively. The loss-framed formatted message functioned better than the others; help-seeking intentions increased from 36% to 47% after the message exposure. Repeated message exposure increased the message retention rate (once 26% vs. twice 48% at 2-week follow-up) which enhanced the elicitation of help-seeking intentions. Conclusions The depression help-seeking message can elicit the intent to do so among people who otherwise lack this. Key messages The Step approach to Message Design and Testing is useful for developing public health messages and materials. Acknowledge: This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP25460815, JP16K09147 and the Uehara Memorial Foundation Research Grant.

scholarly journals LEPROSY AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COINFECTION: A RARE CASE REPORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Eva Lydiawati ◽  
Chukmol Sirithida ◽  
Sou Vannda ◽  
Hak Vortey ◽  
Heng Ratana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Saddle Nose ◽  
Erythematous Plaque ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Leprosy, or Hansen disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae which is associated with inflammation that may damage the skin and the peripheral nerves. Leprosy remains an important public health problem in Southeast Asia, America, and Africa. It has been speculated that, as with TB, HIV infection may exacerbate leprosy lesions and/or lead to increased susceptibility to leprosy. We report the case of leprosy and HIV co-infection and reveals its clinical manifestation. A 34-year-old female came to outpatient clinic complaining of rednessplaque on her face of 2-months duration. It was also accompanied with thick sensation but without itchy or burning sensation. We found thick erythematous plaque with sharp margin and hypoesthesia on her face and body. There were no madarosis, saddle nose, lagophthalmos, nor sign of neuritis. The slit-skin smear revealed BI 1+ globi and MI 2%. From laboratory examination we found CBC was within normal limit, IgM anti PGL-1 titer was 1265 u/mL and IgG anti PGL-1 was 834 u/mL Both histological examination on her ear lobe and extremity revealed that was similar to the lesion of leprosy. The detection of HIV antibody was positive with CD4 count on 325 cells/μL. We treat her with MDT for MB leprosy along with ART (Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Efavirenz). After 6-months follow-up we observed no progression of the lesions though the slit-skin smear after completing 6 months of therapy become negative. M. leprae does not seem to accelerate the decline of immune function when associated with HIV infection. HIV infection does not seem to affect the clinical classification and progression of leprosy. Treatment of the HIV-leprosy co-infected patient consists of the combination of ARTs and anti-leprosy agents. So that, the treatment of leprosy and HIV co-infection does not differ from that of a seronegative leprosy patient.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN TYPHOID FEVER IN PEDIATRIC CASES ADMITTED TO NMCH, PATNA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiksha Sharma ◽  
Girijanand Jha ◽  
Binod Kr Singh ◽  
Saroj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

India has a very high disease burden (214.2 per 1,00,000 individuals/year), primarily affecting children 5 to 15 years. Recently, there have been concerns of increasing proportion of infections in very young children, rising paratyphoid infections, and emerging drug resistance. Also, there are challenges in diagnosis and management of enteric fever due to lack of laboratory-based investigations. While blood culture remains the gold standard of diagnosis, the mainstays in developing countries are serological tests, which are suboptimal due to lack of standardization and uniformity. Hence based on above condition the present study was planned for Assessment of Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in Typhoid Fever in Pediatric Cases Admitted to NMCH, Patna. The present study was planned in Department of Pediatrics, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. The study was planned from January 2018 to November 2018. In the present study 50 childrens of age up to 18 years having fever more than 7 days were enrolled. These cases were enrolled based on the Widal positive or positive culture were enrolled in the present study. The data generated from present study concludes that Typhoid fever manifestations are diverse. The most common symptoms apart from fever were anorexia, vomiting, pain abdomen, diarrhoea followed by headache and cough. Also the Serum parameters are also seen changed in the Thyphoid affected patients. Typhoid fever remains a major public health problem in the developing countries predominantly seen in school going children among pediatric age group. Keywords: Clinical, Laboratory Parameters, Typhoid Fever, Pediatric Cases, etc.

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