scholarly journals Prevalência de Lesões de Cárie de Doentes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 Tratados com Múltiplas Administrações de Insulina e de Indivíduos sem Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Machado ◽  
Ana Coelho ◽  
Anabela Paula ◽  
Francisco Caramelo ◽  
Francisco Carrilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Introduction: In addition to macro and microvascular complications that are associated with the disease, hyperglycaemia is also a risk factor for several oral complications. The aim of this study is to establish a relationship between dental caries in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with multiple insulin injections and that of individuals without diabetes. It is also an aim to characterize the oral hygiene habits of this population.Material and Methods: An observational clinical study of analytical and cross-sectional nature was conducted. Thirty patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 30 individuals without diabetes were observed and questioned about information regarding their medical history. Oral examination was conducted according to the standards of the World Health Organization and ICDAS was used for caries detection. Statistical analysis was performed and the significance level was set at 5%.Results: Patients with diabetes mellitus showed similar caries levels to that of individuals without diabetes. Patients with diabetes mellitus had a higher dental plaque index. Only 10% of the patients having episodes of nocturnal hypoglycaemia brush their teeth after glucose intake.Discussion: Although there’s some controversy in the literature regarding the prevalence of caries in patients with diabetes mellitus, the results are in agreement with a great number of studies. However, patients with diabetes mellitus have a higher plaque index which can be associated with a higher risk for developing certain oral pathologies.Conclusion: No statistically significant association was found between type 1 diabetes mellitus and dental caries.

Assessment of dental caries and gingival status among a group of type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy children of South India – a comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1305-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Girish Babu ◽  
Priya Subramaniam ◽  
Keerthan Kaje
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Diabetic Children

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder. However, dental caries and periodontal health have not attracted much interest in diabetic patients. This study was carried out to assess the dental caries status and gingival health status in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).MethodsThe study group consisted of 80 children, aged 6–18 years, with T1DM. The dental caries status was recorded using the World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria. Gingival health was assessed using the Loe and Silness gingival index (GI). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.ResultsThe mean dental caries status for primary (decayed, extracted, filled teeth [deft]) and permanent dentition (decayed, missing, filled teeth [DMFT]) scores in diabetic children were 0.44±1.28 and 1.26±2.49, respectively. The GI scores of diabetic children were 0.33±0.48. GI in the study group significantly correlated with DMFT (p<0.001) and deft (p≤0.05).ConclusionsDental caries in primary dentition was lower in diabetic children but was not statistically significant, whereas dental caries in permanent dentition was significantly higher. The gingival condition of diabetic children was healthy.

scholarly journals The Association between Depression and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Inflammatory Cytokines as Ferrymen in between?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Wang ◽  
Fangna Li ◽  
Yixin Cui ◽  
Chunhui Cui ◽  
Zhenzhen Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Immunological Mechanism ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Organ Specific

The depression incidence is much higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and the majority of these cases remain under-diagnosed. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is now widely thought to be an organ-specific autoimmune disease. As a chronic autoimmune condition, T1D is characterized by T cell-mediated selective loss of insulin-producing β-cells. The age of onset of T1D is earlier than T2D, and T1D patients have an increased vulnerability to depression due to its diagnosis and treatment burden occurring in a period when the individuals are young. The literature has suggested that inflammatory cytokines play a wide role in both diseases. In this review, the mechanisms behind the initiation and propagation of the autoimmune response in T1D and depression are analyzed, and the contribution of cytokines to both conditions is discussed. This review outlines the immunological mechanism of T1D and depression, with a particular emphasis on the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) cytokines and their signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to highlight the possible pathways of the cytokines shared by these two diseases via deciphering their cytokine cascades. They may provide a basic groundwork for future study of the possible mechanism that links these two diseases and to develop new compounds that target the same pathway but can conquer two diseases.

scholarly journals Features of carbohydrate metabolism in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus in subclinical hypothyroidism in the outcome of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Margarita S. Mikhina ◽  
Ekaterina A. Troshina ◽  
Tatiana V. Nikonova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus and primary hypothyroidism, in the outcome of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, the two most common diseases in endocrinology and the practicing doctor are important not to forget about the possible association of these pathologies. This applies to patients with diabetes mellitus, both 1 and 2 types. However, the combination of these two pathologies is more common in type 1 diabetes, which is due to the autoimmune nature of these diseases. A clinical case of a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which is on pump insulin therapy, is presented, which, in the background of previously selected therapy, during the last 2 months, episodes of hypoglycemia increased. In the course of the survey, primary subclinical hypothyroidism was identified, in the outcome of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. Against the background of the achievement of euthyroidism, it was possible to achieve compensation of carbohydrate metabolism without correction of previously selected insulin therapy. The high incidence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus, and as a consequence, the deterioration in the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, requires a systematic screening of thyroid disorders in the presence of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Characteristics of cognitive function in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 younger depending transferred hypoglycemic conditions

2017 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
N. Zherdоva ◽  
B. Mankovsky
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Many studies focus on the effect of compensation of diabetes, glucose-lowering therapy of choice, the influence of cardio - vascular diseases in the state of cognition. At the same time, not enough attention is paid to cognitive impairment in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, especially young people. The aim of our study was to investigate the prognostic factors of dementia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are younger. 33 patients were examined with type 1 diabetes and 10 people in the control group. Of the 33 patients with diabetes, 21 people had hypoglycemia in the last 3 months and 12 without hypoglycemic states. To identify depression used two questionnaires: Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). Evaluation of cognitive impairment was conducted using the following methods: The test "5 words", sample Schulte, the scale of assessment of mental status ( MMSE), test battery on the frontal dysfunction (BLD), evaluation of test o’clock. To reveal the 10-year risk of dementia patients used the scale which was developed by a team of researchers at Utrecht University Medical Rudolf Magnus. In patients with type 1 diabetes with hypoglycemia marked deterioration in cognitive function, according to the neuropsychological tests, namely the BLD and MMSE compared with  patient without hypoglycemia. The risk of developing dementia over 10 years in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 young up 2.2 times compared with patients without hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemic state is the main risk factor that leads to the development of cognitive impairment, and this is a factor which can be influenced by insulin properly selected.

scholarly journals The Influence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on Dental Caries and Salivary Composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulëjeta Ferizi ◽  
Fatmir Dragidella ◽  
Lidvana Spahiu ◽  
Agim Begzati ◽  
Vjosa Kotori
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Control Group

Diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic disease that affects the oral health. The aim of the study is to evaluate the dental caries, salivary flow rate, buffer capacity, and Lactobacilli in saliva in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to the control group.Methods.The sample consisted of 160 children of 10 to 15 years divided into two groups: 80 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 80 children as a control group. Dental caries was assessed using the DMFT index for permanent dentition. Stimulated saliva was collected among all children. Salivary flow rate and buffer capacity were measured, and the colonies ofLactobacillusin saliva were determined. The observed children have answered a number of questions related to their dental visits and parents’ education. The data obtained from each group were compared statistically using the chi-square test and Mann–WhitneyU-test. The significant level was set atp<0.05.Results. DMFT in children with type 1 diabetes was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.001). Diabetic children have a low level of stimulated salivary flow rate compared to control children (0.86 ± 0.16 and 1.10 ± 0.14). The buffer capacity showed statistically significant differences between children with type 1 diabetes and control group (p<0.001). Also, children with type 1 diabetes had a higher count and a higher risk ofLactobacilluscompared to the control group (p<0.05andp<0.001).Conclusion. The findings we obtained showed that type 1 diabetes mellitus has an important part in children’s oral health. It appears that children with type 1 diabetes are exposed to a higher risk for caries and oral health than nondiabetic children.

scholarly journals Neonatal Near Miss among Newborns of Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Luiza R. Morais ◽  
Beatriz C. Patz ◽  
Felipe F. Campanharo ◽  
Patricia M. Dualib ◽  
Sue Y. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Neonatal Near Miss

Objective. To investigate the frequency of neonatal near miss (NNM) and associate it with maternal morbidity in newborns of women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods. This was a cross-sectional retrospective study from a secondary analysis of data retrieved from medical records of pregnant women with T1DM cared at a Brazilian university hospital between 2005 and 2015. Maternal near miss (MNM) and potentially life-threatening conditions (PTLC) were classified according to the World Health Organization criteria. NNM was classified according to the Pan American Health Organization Neonatal Near Miss Working Group criteria. Association of maternal morbidity with NNM was assessed using chi-square test. Results. There were 122 newborns (NB) among 137 T1DM pregnancies. Thirty-seven NB presented NNM—incidence of 303 NNM per 1000 live births (37/122). NNM was associated with MNM (P<0.001, OR (95% CI): 17.15 (1.85–159.12)). PLTC did not increase the odds of NNM (P=0.07; OR (95% CI): 2.1281 (0.92–4.91)). Seven newborns died, six of them from pregnancies without severe maternal morbidity. 71% of the neonatal death (5/7) occurred in malformed neonates. Conclusion. MNM was associated with NNM among women with T1DM, and PLTC, paradoxically, did not increase NNM.

scholarly journals Periodontal Diseases and Dental Caries in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Novotna ◽  
Stepan Podzimek ◽  
Zdenek Broukal ◽  
Erika Lencova ◽  
Jana Duskova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease of an autoimmune origin with early manifestation predominantly in the childhood. Its incidence has been rising in most European countries. Diabetes has been intensively studied by all branches of medicine. There were a number of studies investigating oral consequences of diabetes; however, unambiguous conclusions were drawn only for the relationship between diabetes and periodontal impairment. Many studies confirmed higher plaque levels and higher incidence of chronic gingivitis both in adults and in children with diabetes. Juvenile periodontitis is rare both in healthy subjects and in those with type 1 diabetes. Yet certain findings from well-conducted studies, for example, differences in oral microflora or the impact of metabolic control of diabetes on periodontal health, indicate a higher risk of periodontitis in children with type 1 diabetes. As for the association of diabetes and dental caries, the results of the studies are inconsistent. However, it was found that some risk factors for dental caries are either more or less prevalent in the diabetic population. Despite an extensive research in this area we have to acknowledge that many questions have remained unanswered. There is a need for continued, thorough research in this area.

scholarly journals Etiological features of bacterial keratitis in patients with diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
O.V. Zavoloka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacterial Keratitis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background. The purpose was to study etiological features of bacterial keratitis in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The analysis was performed on the basis of survey data of 62 patients with bacterial keratitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus and 43 individuals with bacterial keratitis without diabetes mellitus of the corresponding age (control group). In addition to standard ones, ophthalmic methods included fluorescein test, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, non-contact corneal aesthesiometry, bacteriological examination: culture from the conjunctival cavity to dense nutrient media (5% blood agar and me­dium for sterility control), microscopic examination of conjunctival smear with Romanowsky-Giemsa and Pappenheim stain. Results. Etiological features of bacterial keratitis were found in patients with diabetes mellitus: Gram-positive microflora was the causative agent 1.5 times more often, and Gram-negative — 3.1 times less often than in patients without diabetes mellitus from the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the causative agent of bacterial keratitis in patients with diabetes mellitus 1.9 times more often, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa — 6.3 times less often than in patients of the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions. There are etiological features of bacterial keratitis in patients with diabetes mellitus, namely predominance of the Gram-positive microflora among the pathogens due to Staphylococcus epidermidis.

scholarly journals CLINICAL STUDY OF OPTIMIZED APPROACHES TO LOCAL PREVENTION OF DENTAL CARIES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
O.A. Udod ◽  
A.S. Kulish
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The State ◽  
Degree Of Risk

The prevalence of dental caries is high in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and it is about 81.1-100%, however 57.1% are diagnosed with multiple dental caries. The effectiveness of caries prevention is only 48.3%. In the prevention of dental caries has significant role to exogenous methods of prevention with fluorides, but fluoride compounds adversely affect the condition of patients with diabetes mellitus. It’s advisable to use in patients with caries preventive measures containing nanohydroxyapatite and xylitol. The purpose is to conduct a research of optimized approach to local prevention of dental caries in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus by the fluoride-free agents, taking into account the degree of risk of dental caries in patients and the state of diabetes compensation. Materials and methods. The review of  95 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the state of compensation, subcompensation and decompensation was from 18 to 35 years and disease duration was from 1 to 24 years. The main group included 50 people, the comparison group was 45 people. The index of caries intensity DMF, structure functional indices of enamel acid resistance (TER) were determined in patients. Also the increase in the intensity of dental caries after 6 and 12 months, reducing the increase in caries after 12 months were defined.The patients of the main group, according to individualized approaches, taking into account the degree of risk of dental caries and the state of compensation of diabetes mellitus were subjected to local caries preventive measures, which included the use of fluoride-free products containing nanohydroxyapatite and xylitol, and means of enzymes lactoperoxidase system, patients of the comparison group - traditional local fluoroprophylaxis. Results and discussion. In patients of the main group after 6 months of caries-preventive measures of structure functional indices of enamel acid resistance was 3.52±0.19 points, 12 months – 3.14±0.16 points, the index improved to 1.7 times (p<0,05), compared to baseline (5.26±0,27 points). In the comparison group of patients, after 6 months, enamel acid resistance was 4.09±0.21 points, after 12 months - 3.86±0.18 points, which is only 1.3 times better (p<0.05) than the baseline index (5.02±0.25 points). Before the start of caries preventive measures, the caries intensity index DMF in patients of the main group was 13.7±0.84, after 6 months it increased to 13.8±0.86, the increase in the intensity of caries was 0.1. In the patients of the comparison group, the corresponding indexes of DMF were 12.3±0.85 and 12.6±0.91, increase the intensity of caries was 0.3 and was higher by 3 times. After 12 months, patients in the main group DMF index slightly increased to 14.0±0.87, increase the intensity of caries was 0.3. In the comparison group DMF index value was 13.1±0.93, increase the intensity was significantly higher (2.7 times) and it was 0.8. Reduction of increase the intensity of dental caries was 62.5%. Conclusion. Topical application in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus of caries prophylactic agents containing nanohydroxyapatite and xylitol, as well as agents with enzymes of the lactoperoxidase system for 12 months on individualized approaches taking into account the degree of risk of dental caries and the state compensation of diabetes mellitus promoted caries resistance of enamel 1.7 times, reducing the intensity of caries by 2.7 times, allowed to reduction the dental caries growth by 62.5%.

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