scholarly journals Pandangan Pandangan Amina Wadud Terhadap Perempuan Menjadi Imam Sholat Laki-Laki

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
Syukri Abubakar ◽  
Muhammadmutawali Mutawali
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Principle Of Justice ◽  
Holistic Interpretation ◽  
Interpretation Method

This paper is motivated by the writer's anxiety about the thought of Amina Wadud, which is quite controversial about the permissibility of women to be male prayer priests, because for more than 14 centuries, there has never been a single scholar, both male and female ulama, who dared to think so, even Amina Wadud immediately practiced her opinion by leading the prayers of men and women so that many sneers and blasphemies were directed at her. Therefore, the question arises, why does Amina Wadud think so and what is the background? The results of this study show that in interpreting the Qur'an and the hadith, Amina Wadud used the Hermeneutic method which she called the monotheistic interpretation (holistic interpretation method) which she adopted from Fazlurrahman's thoughts. By implementing this monotheistic interpretation, according to him, reading the Koran related to women's rights is no longer gender biased, but can reveal fundamental principles in the Koran, such as the principle of justice and the principle of equality, so based on the hadith of Umm Waraqah , he allows women to become Imam of Prayer. Tulisan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kegelisahan penulis mengenai pemikiran Amina Wadud yang cukup kontroversial tentang bolehnya perempuan menjadi imam sholat laki-laki, karena selama lebih kurang 14 abad, tidak pernah ada seorang pun ulama baik ulama laki-laki maupun ulama perempuan yang berani berpendapat demikian, bahkan Amina Wadud langsung mempraktekkan pendapatnya dengan mengimami sholat laki-laki dan perempuan sehingga banyak cibiran dan hujatan yang ditujukan kepadanya. Oleh karena itu, maka muncul pertanyaan,  mengapa Amina Wadud berpendapat demikian dan apa yang melatarbelakanginya?. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’an dan hadist, Amina Wadud menggunakan metode Hermeneutik yang ia disebut dengan tafsir tauhid (metode penafsiran holistik) yang dia adopsi dari pemikiran Fazlurrahman. Dengan mengimplementasikan tafsir tauhid ini, menurutnya, pembacaan al-Qur’an terkait hak-hak perempuan tidak lagi bias gender, tapi dapat mengungkap prinsip-prinsip fundamental dalam al-Qur’an, seperti prinsip keadilan dan prinsip kesetaraan, sehingga berdasarkan hadist Ummu Waraqah, ia memperbolehkan perempuan menjadi Imam Sholat.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE THREE MAIN CHARACTERS IN SUPPORTING THE THEME OF TO THE LIGHTHOUSE BY VIRGINIA WOOLF

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
Eny Suprihandani
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
To The Lighthouse ◽  
The Feminine

Virginia Woolf (1882-1941), a brilliant English writer, has been called as a feminist, since she fought for women’s rights and protested the domination of men. She might be also called as an androgynist writer, for she sometimes emphasized the harmony of men and women. To the Lighthouse, which was published in 1927, is her best novel of both feminism and androgyny. It is a realistic novel about a family and an elegy for people Virginia loved. Based on the strong and deep memories of her own family, she described a group of the more complex people spending holiday in a summer house on Scottish coast. It consists of Mr. and Mrs. Ramsay with their eight children and assorted guests. They are going to have a visit to a nearby lighthouse. It is put off because of the weather, and takes place ten years later. From this delay of the expedition to the lighthouse, she constructed the complex tensions of family life and the conflict of male and female principles. For Virginia there is not one of kind of truth, but two. There is the truth of reason, and there is the truth of imagination. The truth of reason is pre-eminently the masculine sphere, while the truth of imagination, or intuitive, is the feminine. Together, these truths make up what she calls reality. Regarding this idea, in To the Lighthouse, she tries to imply a theme about the harmony by presenting male and female characters that have contradictory views and different principles.There are many characters in To the Lighthouse, Mr. Ramsay, Mrs. Ramsay and Lily Briscoe are supposed to be the main characters since they dominantly support the development of the events and even most of the story focuses on their actions, attitudes and thoughts. This research aims to give evidence that Mr. Ramsay, Mrs. Ramsay and Lily Briscoe are all the main characters who, with their words, thoughts and actions, relate each other to support the theme of To the Lighthouse

Divorce on grounds of discord: Did the Moroccan family law reform bring the guarantee of divorce for women? An ethnographic perspective on the changing landscape of divorce. The Mudawwana a decade on

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-65
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Nössing
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Moroccan Family

AbstractThis article discusses the new divorce on grounds of discord procedure (taṭlīq li-š-šiqāq) within the context of the Moroccan family law reform of 2004. Literature available in English and French has, so far, focused primarily on the improvements the Moroccan family law reform has brought in regard to women’s rights. The reform is considered one of the most progressive legislative projects in the MENA region and a milestone for gender equality, notably the reform of divorce law. Divorce on grounds of discord was seen as the long-awaited divorce guarantee for women. However, legal scholars maintained that case law jeopardised the divorce guarantee. This legal-anthropological study is informed by fieldwork at the family court in Rabat, as well as official statistics, case law and the standard legal commentary. It aims to scrutinise how divorce on grounds of divorce is put into practice by the judiciary, how Moroccan men and women make use of it and how changes on a procedural and institutional level affect the implementation of the new divorce procedure. My empirical findings show that divorce on grounds of discord effectively guarantees Moroccan women’s right to divorce. Well beyond the discussion on women’s rights in divorce, I will demonstrate that, within a decade, divorce on grounds of discord developed into a standard divorce procedure for both men and women across socio-economical milieus and age groups.

scholarly journals PEREMPUAN DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Uswatun Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Correct Understanding

AbstrakIn Islamic law, there are principles of equality among all human beings,including equality between men and women. To manifest the principles ofequality, proper understanding of Islamic law and human rights is needed.Human rights, including women's rights are often mentioned in al-Qur'anand al-Hadits. Islam comes to bring fresh air for women because God'srevelation descended to Prophet Muhammad talks much about women, bothabout their rights and obligations. Although Islam has been present for morethan fourteen centuries ago, but the provisions contained in al-Qur 'an andthe al-Hadith, as sources of Islamic law have not been realized properly inIslamic society, even until today there are still practices in Islamiccommunities that put Muslims women not as they should. Although therewere not many, but the condition can lead to incorrect understanding ofIslam in society that Islam less aware ofwomen's rights. Infact, Islam givesgreat attention and gives a respectable position for women. In order that thewomen's rights can be implemented appropriately, every Muslim shouldunderstand Islamic law well and correctly, so they can realize their rightsand obligations as servants of God, as members of society and citizens.Human rights and women issues should be perceived as a problem faced notby women only, but also by all people in society. Awareness about women'srights in Islam cannot establish by itself but must be cultivated through acorrect dissemination of correct understanding to the community,particularly Muslims, both men and women.

Divorce Reform in the Sharia Court of Appeals in Israel (1992-2003)

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa Abou Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
Main Components ◽  
And Control

In this article, I study Article 130 of the Ottoman Family Law, which is still applied in Israel, with special attention to developments within the Sharia Court of Appeals between the years 1992 and 2003. I argue that this Court has encouraged reform regarding the issue of niza wa-shiqāq (quarrel and disagreement). This reform has four main components. First, it entails a weakening of the patriarchal concept that limits a woman's role within Muslim society, her authority over her body, and her movements. Second, it eases the burden of proof by lowering evidentiary requirements. Third, it improves the procedure of arbitration by better defining the suitability of the arbitrators and supervising the methods of their work. Fourth, it enables the Sharia Court to nominate arbitrators and control their decisions. This reform has improved women's rights to divorce and has made divorce a relatively easy option. The reform also makes it easier for both men and women to obtain divorce, particularly as compared to other religious minorities in Israel.

scholarly journals Hak-hak perempuan dalam Islam

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-206
Author(s):  
Naila Farah
Keyword(s):  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Women's Issues ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Today's women's issues are still very important to pay attention to because women's rights have not been fully fulfilled. The marginalization of women's rights often stems from local religious and cultural beliefs. This is where the importance of the thinking of figures like Asghar Ali Engineer is reviewed in the present. This paper discusses the thoughts of Asghar Ali Engineer about liberation theology in the matter of women's rights in Islam. Asghar Ali Engineer in many of his works has offered various kinds of deconstruction of discourses. In the matter of women's rights in Islam, he presents his opinion on inheritance, wealth, testimony, the position of women in the family, polygamy and divorce which are considered as examples of inequality. With its hermeneutic interpretation, Asghar Engineering rejects the existence of a patriarchal concept that is inherent in the classical interpretation of the Quran, which is considered discriminatory against women. Then he applies the verses of the Quran into two, namely normative and contextual, with the hope that the verses of the Quran can be reinterpreted, so that it truly becomes a universal verses of “das solen” on one side and contextual verses of “das sein” on the other. Thus, the equality of men and women can be realized and gender-based justice can be manifested.

scholarly journals Ragam Kajian Gender dalam Jurnal Keagamaan Islam di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alfatih Suryadilaga
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Current Pattern ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
And Gender

Gender sebagai sebuah diskursus perkembangan pemikiran yang baru hadir mewarnai kajian keislaman termasuk dalam hal ini kajian hadis. Kenyataan tersebut setidaknya dapat dilihat dalam kajian yang berada di jurnal-jurnal PTKI secara umum maupun jurnal-jurnal yang dibawah Pusat Studi Gender/Wanita. Kajian gender dalam hadis mengikuti pola yang ada dalam kajian studi hadis secara umum yang meliputi tiga bentuk utama yakni kajian ilmu hadis, penelitian hadis dan pemaknaan hadis berikut perkembangannya. Demikian juga kajian hadis dan gender di dalamnya berisikan fenomena keilmuan atas gender dan hadis, penelitian atas hadis dan kitab-kitabnya serta pemahaman hadis tertentu baik dalam dimensi teks-teks dalam hadis maupun non teks yang berada di masyarakat yang dikenal dengan living hadis. Apa yang digagas dalam pemahaman hadis dan gender ini sebenarnya adalah mengembalikan ruh ajaran Islam sesuai dengan al-Qur’an dan hadis. Walaupun ada yang menolak keberadaan gender dalam tradisi Islam, maka dimensi keberadaan persamaan laki-laki dan perempuan merupakan dimensi yang diajarkan dalam Islam. Secara tidak langsung, maka kajian gender dan hadis merupakan upaya untuk menghidupkan misi kenabian Muhammad saw. yang sangat menjunjung perempuan. Perempuan dan laki-laki memilki relasi yang sama di hadapan Allah swt.[Gender is as a discourse of thought development, its contemporary discourse gives a new contribution to Islamic studies, including the study of hadith. This phenomenon is reflected both in several studied of PTKI’s journals in general and journals under supervision of Women/Gender Studies Center. Gender studies in the hadith adopt the study of hadith’s current pattern. In general, there are three main forms of its pattern; the study of hadith, the research of hadith, the interpretation of hadith and its development. Similarly with the study of hadith and gender, inside of them contains about the phenomena of science toward gender and hadith, the research about hadith and its books, and understanding of specific hadith based on text and non-text dimensions inside of society, known as living hadith. The purpose of hadith and gender studies is actually to reconstruct Islamic studies based on Al-Qur’an and hadith. Even though, there are some groups refuse the existence of gender in Islamic tradition, it reminds the same that Islam teaches there is equality dimension of men and women. Indirectly, the study of gender and hadith are an effort to revive the mission of Prophet Muhammad SAW which uphold women’s rights. Women and man have the same relation in front of Allah SWT.]

The New ‘Woman Question’: Gender, Nation, and Citizenship in the First Czechoslovak Republic

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Feinberg
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Woman Question ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Universal Suffrage ◽  
The New Woman ◽  
Politically Active

This chapter discusses the question of women's citizenship in the new Czechoslovakia and how the ‘Woman Question’ evolved after 1918. The strong women's movement from pre-war days was largely satisfied by the 1918 ‘revolution’: Czech feminism fitted closely with Masarykian notions of democracy. The events of October 1918 fundamentally changed the debate over women's rights in the Bohemian lands. Within weeks, many Czechs had acknowledged that both men and women would be politically active in the new Czechoslovak Republic, treating universal suffrage as a given of the new political climate. Czech feminism linked an unswerving belief in gender equality with an equally unshakeable faith in liberal democracy, not only as the guarantor of women's rights, but as the essence of the Czech nation. This philosophy had many roots, but was perhaps most closely tied to the work of Tomáš Masaryk.

Women, women's rights and feminist movements

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Vernet ◽  
Fabrizio Butera
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Feminist Movements

English This article contends that feminist movements are victims of social cryptomnesia: while women's rights are nowadays largely approved, the role of feminist movements in obtaining these rights is not recognized, and feminist groups are still stigmatized. This social cryptomnesia is believed to hinder further progress towards equality between men and women. Indeed, although women's rights are officially protected, men-women differences in status still exist; however, the potential of feminist movements to achieve real equality is blocked by social cryptomnesia, which describes feminists as extremists who do not realize that women's rights have already changed. We review some of the achievements of two waves of feminist movements in obtaining women's rights; the obstacles to a third wave of movements claiming real equality are discussed in relation to the social cryptomnesia phenomenon. French L'article soutient que les mouvements féministes sont victimes d'une cryptomnésie sociale. Bien que les droits des femmes soient largement approuvés aujourd'hui, le rôle des féministes dans l'obtention de ces droits n'est pas reconnu, et les groupes féministes sont toujours stigmatisés. Cette cryptomnésie sociale pourrait entraver le progrès ultérieur vers l'égalité homme-femme. En effet, bien que les droits des femmes soient officiellement protégés, il existe encore d'importantes différences de statut entre hommes et femmes; cependant, le potentiel des mouvements féministes pour promouvoir une égalité réelle est bloqué par la cryptomnésie sociale, qui décrit les féministes comme des extrémistes qui ne se rendent pas compte que les droits des femmes ont déjà changé. Nous présentons quelques résultats obtenus par deux vagues de mouvements féministes dans la promotion des droits des femmes, et discutons, sur la base du phénomène de la cryptomnésie sociale, les obstacles qui s'opposent à une troisième vague de mouvements qui se battent pour une égalité dans les faits.

scholarly journals A Turbulent Morocco: A Khutta, A Mudawwana, A Reform Movement and Rivalry Frames

1970 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Rania Al-Abiad
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Law ◽  
Islamic Parties

Morocco, March 13, 2000: Hundreds of thousands of women poured into the streets of Morocco's two main cities for rival demonstrations over government plans to bolster women's rights. In Casablanca, Islamic parties headed by the Party of Justice and Development (PJD) and AI Adl Wa II Ihsan party, both of which occupy seats in Parliament, rallied with around 300 000 followers chanting slogans against the government's suggested reforms and calling for their repeal. In Rabat, a couple of thousand people from feminist groups and political parties such as AI lstiql al and AI Taqaddom Wa AI Ishtirakiyya gathered in support of these reforms. With slogans such as "Yes for the emancipation of women and no for their alienation," "Men and women equal before God, equal before the Law," and "For the dignity of women," they hailed the complete adoption of the government's plan.

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