scholarly journals Negative Tone and Readability in Management Discussion and Analysis Reports: Impact on The Cost of Debt

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Eka Sari Ayuningtyas ◽  
Iman Harymawan
Keyword(s):  
Listed Companies ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Negative Tone ◽  
Disclosure Strategy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Readability Level

Companies use disclosure as a strategy to transfer and communicate selected information to stakeholders. This study examines the association between the firm's textual disclosure strategy and cost of debt by looking at the tone and readability of Management Discussion and Analysis (MDandA) reports and using a sample of 1596 Indonesian listed companies from all industries except the financial industry, from 2011 to 2018, and using ordinary least square (OLS) regression to test the research hypotheses. The findings suggest that both negative tone and poor readability level are associated positively with the cost of debt. This paper contributes to knowledge of the important aspects firms need to consider when setting their disclosure strategies, mainly how the tone and readability of firms' annual reports may be interpreted by users/creditors and affect the amount they will charge the firm for debt.

scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship between Earnings Quality and Capital Cost-Takes the China Listed Companies as a Sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Chih-Yi Hsiao ◽  
Hui-Hui Kuang ◽  
Hui-Ling Li ◽  
Jia-Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

The phenomenon of false financial statements still exists. However, in addition to the risk of being punished, what kind of price do companies have to pay? In recent decades, with China's rapid progress in economic, the relevant accounting system and corporate governance standards are actively improving, and the earnings quality is improving. This paper takes China's listed companies from 2015 to 2019 as samples, and adopts quantile regression supplemented by ordinary least square method to explore the relationship between earnings quality and capital cost. The research findings show that the higher the earnings management, the higher the capital cost, especially for the company with low capital cost. Nevertheless, for the extremely company with high capital cost, earnings management can reduce the capital cost. The research results can provide the focus of regulators of listed companies and reference for the revision of relevant accounting system.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perekonomian Keluarga terhadap Penggunaan BPJS Kesehatan Desa Cileles Jatinangor

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Anisa Nurfiani ◽  
Estro Dariatno Sihaloho
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Section Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to determine whether or not there is a family economic relationship to the use of Cileles Jatinangor Village Health BPJS. Factors that are influenced by the family economy include, the average family income per month, number of family dependents, monthly BPJS Health installments, how often each family goes to health facilities in the past month, and how many times the use of BPJS Health by each family in the past month. The study was conducted by direct observation of each family in Cileles Jatinangor Village. This study took data as much as 60 samples of the family of Cileles Jatinangor Village. In this study the type of data used is Cross Section Data, meaning that the data obtained is data that is obtained only in one time and has many objects or samples. The data obtained will be processed using stata14 which is quantitative data and followed by simple regression using the OLS (Ordinary Least Square) approach. The results and discussion show that the variables have a negative correlation, the number of dependents has a negative correlation, the cost of BPJS has a positive correlation, the check up has a positive correlation, the use of BPJS has a positive correlation, and all variables are significant at the level of 10%.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KUALITAS AUDIT DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP COST OF DEBT (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di BEI Periode 2012-2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Anton Robiansyah ◽  
Dwi Novita ◽  
Furqonti Ranidiah
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Cost

Anton Robiansyah, Dwi Novita, Furqonti Ranidiah; This study aims to analyze the effect of audit quality and institutional ownership on the cost of debt. The population in this study are all manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2011-2014. The type of research used in this study is empirical research. The sampling technique used was purposive sample and selected 72 unit analysis companies. The data analysis tool in this test uses OLS (ordinary least square), which wants to see the effect of audit quality and institutional ownership on the cost of debt.Based on the results of this study indicate that audit quality has a negative effect on the cost of debt with a significance level of 0.014 which means that the company that chooses the BIG4 KAP has a good reputation and this is seen as a positive thing for the creditor. Whereas institutional ownership does not affect the cost of debt with a significance level of 0.847 indicating that the presence or absence of institutional ownership of companies - companies in Indonesia does not affect the institutional ownership relationship and the cost of debt.

scholarly journals Impact of Direct and Indirect Tax on the Nigerian Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyebisi Mary Ogundana ◽  
Oyedele Mary Ogundana ◽  
Oyeyemi Mercy Ogundana ◽  
Ayodotun Stephen Ibidunni ◽  
Adebola Adetoyinbo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
The Impact

This research examined the direct and indirect impact of taxation on the Nigerian economic growth. This research centered on two major objectives by focusing on the trend of direct and indirect tax and the impact of the Nigerian tax system on the growth of the economy.  The research adopted the descriptive research design.  The secondary source of data was also engaged as this data was from CBN statistical bulletin and the annual reports from 1994-2013. The research also used the ordinary least square regression technique. With the use of E-views 7.1 to analyze the data, the first objective was achieved by using graphical analysis while the second objective used ordinary least square regression analysis. The results reveal that the direct and indirect tax have a positive impact on the economy of Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended that government should take advantage of taxation and promote tax system in Nigeria.

Electronic fraud: an emerging cause of bank failure in Nigerian deposit money banks

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Folowosele Folarin Akinwale ◽  
Ikpefan Ochei Ailemen ◽  
Isibor Areghan
Keyword(s):  
Deposit Insurance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Unethical Practices ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to review the degree to which fraud and other unethical practices especially in the digital space have affected the Nigerian banking industry both in the past and present, and how it will be a growing concern in the imminent future. The objective of the study was to examine the impact of electronic fraud on the quality of assets and return on assets of Nigerian deposit money banks. Design/methodology/approach The research used secondary data for the periods 2006 till 2018, which were collected from the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation annual reports. Descriptive analysis and the ordinary least square method of regression analysis were used for data analysis. Findings Findings revealed that electronic fraud cases increased progressively over most of the years of study, which can be attributed to the increased bank products that are electronic-based. Originality/value Many of the reviewed literature examined electronic fraud and its impact on bank profitability but this study examined the cause of electronic fraud and what can be done to curtail it.

Statisical Analysis Between Government Wage Policy on Minimum Wage Saga in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Okeke Charles C.
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Wage Policy ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cost

Some methods used to analysis between government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria were considered. Descriptive Statistics, The Ordinary Least Square technique; Correlation Analysis tools were employed to ascertain the significant difference between government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria. Data were collected for period 1974 – 2000.Our results shows that year of review is negatively and significant on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria. Consumer Price Index is negatively and significant on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria. Also, there is a perfect negative association on year of review between real minimum wage on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria and it is significant, with a perfect positive association year of review between consumer price index on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria and it is significant and there is a negative moderate association on real minimum wage between consumer price index on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria and it is significant. This study therefore recommends that government should reduce the cost of governance and improve the living standard of workers by fixing a better wage. Finally, diversifying the Nigeria economy is necessary for states to enhance their internally generated revenue and step into creation of employment opportunities and better pay package.

scholarly journals Board structure, institutional pressures and corporate voluntary disclosures

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshayani Arshad ◽  
Ruhaya Atan ◽  
Faizah Darus
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Institutional Pressures ◽  
Voluntary Disclosures ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Disclosure Decisions ◽  
Disclosure Strategy

Corporate disclosure has been subjected to calls for corporate transparency by corporate governance movement as a matter of good corporate governance. Managers face substantial pressure to make more transparent disclosure of their activities to promote efficient governance of their companies or risk losing legitimacy from the perspectives of the investors and other stakeholders. Using the annual reports of 155 Malaysian listed companies, this study investigates the competing effects of board structure and institutional pressures on the extent and credibility of corporate voluntary disclosure during the period when public listed companies in Malaysia faced new corporate governance regulation. This study provides evidence that under the influence of dominant owners on board, management voluntary disclosure decisions are driven by mimetic pressures when their company is structured to meet expectations of good corporate governance. Managers’ voluntary disclosure strategy to gain legitimacy seems to override their incentives to disclose credible information to outside investors. This inference is consistent with the evidence that management voluntary disclosures are not viewed as credible by outside investors. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationships between various board structures and institutional pressures on management disclosure decisions in particular agency settings.

scholarly journals The Effect of Lease Accounting on Credit Rating and Cost of Debt: Evidence from Firms in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Younghee Park ◽  
Kyunga Na
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Operating Leases ◽  
The Cost

This study examines the effect of capital lease and operating lease options in accounting on credit ratings and the cost of debt using data for 13 years (2001 to 2013) on 6133 listed and unlisted domestic firms in Korea that recognize leases on financial statements. We use the Heckman two-stage model to control for sample selection bias from lease selection. The first stage is the probit regression in which the dependent variable is a dummy variable on the lease selection and the explanatory variables are factors known to affect lease selection. The second stage consists of the ordered probit regression model and the ordinary least square regression model where the dependent variables are credit rating and cost of debt, respectively. The results show that lease selection does not significantly affect corporate credit ratings—however, in terms of the cost of debt, enterprises that adopt operating leases spend considerably less than firms that engage in capital leases. Further analysis suggests that the results for credit ratings do not differ by listing status. However, the cost of debt for listed companies does not seem to differ by lease selection, while unlisted firms see a sharp decline in their cost of debt when they choose operating leases over capital leases.

scholarly journals Factors influencing involvement of youth in poultry production in Abia State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Daniel Chinomso Nmeregini ◽  
Gideon Chinedu Onuekwusi ◽  
Ndidiamaka Martha Ekweanya ◽  
Chinyere Sarah Elezue
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
The Cost

The study assessed the factors influencing the involvement of youths in poultry production in Abia State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study assessed the extent of youth’s involvement in poultry production; and ascertained the perceived factors that influence the involvement of youths in poultry production. Multistage sampling procedure was employed in selecting 120 young poultry farmers. Data collected were analyzed using percentage, and mean, as well as ordinary least square regression analysis. Results revealed that the youths in the study area participated moderately in poultry production and the foremost poultry production activities being participated by the youths included feeding ( x̄ = 2.81), packing and replacement of litters ( x̄ = 2.59), and vaccination/medication ( x̄ = 2.54). Moreover, the perceived factors influencing the youths’ involvement in poultry production were income ( = 3.69), cost of feed ( = 3.45), and availability of land ( x̄ = 3.33). The coefficients of age (0.013), membership to co-operative (0.042), years of experience (0.016), and extension contact (0.015) were positive and significantly influenced the involvement of the youths in poultry production. Enabling youths’ access to credits, subsidizing the cost of feed, and organizing training for the youths on poultry production were recommended. Keywords: Involvement, agripreneurship, poultry production, youths

scholarly journals PENGARUH FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN KEBUTUHAN HIDUP TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA MENTAWAI DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Titik Efnita
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Student Achievement ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
Parental Income ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Cost

<p>Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan terkait prestasi belajar mahasiswa Mentawai jenjang strata 1 yang kuliah di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pertama, mengidentifikasi kondisi social ekonomi keluarga dan kebutuhan kuliah mahasiswa Mentawai yang kuliah di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Kedua, menganalisis pengaruh kondisisosial ekonomi keluarga dan kebutuhan kuliah terhadap prestasi belajar menggunakan OLS (Ordinary Least Square). Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang berupa data cross section prestasi belajar mahasiswa Mentawai, kondisi social ekonomi keluarga dan kebutuhan kuliah mahasiswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Mentawai jenjang strata 1 yang telah kuliah minimal semester 3 sebanyak 76 orang. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu analisis deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik dan analisis regresis linear berganda. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa factor social ekonomi keluarga (pendidikan orang tua, pekerjaan orang tua, pendapatan orang tua, jumlah saudara, dan rata-rata pendapatan saudara adik/kakak) dan kebutuhan kuliah (biaya konsumsi, biaya komunikasi, informasi dan internet, biaya kesehatan rekreasi dan hiburan, biaya tempat tinggal, jenis tempat tinggal, biaya alat tulis dan perlengkapan kuliah) secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Mentawai. Secara individu variabel pendidikan orang tua, pendapatan orang tua, biaya konsumsi, biaya alattulis, buku dan peralatan kuliah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Mentawai. Kesimpulan ini kembali menegaskan teori-teori dan penelitian terdahulu yang mengungkapkan bahwa factor social ekonomi dan kebutuhan kuliah memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Mentawai.</p><p><em>This research has a purpose related to the achievement of students Mentawai undergraduate level 1 who lectures in Yogyakarta. First, identify the socio-economic condition of the family and the needs of college students studying in Mentawai Yogyakarta. Second, analyze the influence of socio-economic conditions and the need lectures on learning achievement using OLS (Ordinary Least Square). The data used are primary data in the form of cross section data Mentawai student achievement, socio-economic condition of the family and the needs of college students. The sample in this study is the first undergraduate level Mentawai students who have a minimum of 3 semester tuition as much as 76 people.Analysis of the execution of the descriptive analysis, the classical assumption test and multiple linear regresis analysis. Conclusions from the study revealed that social factors of economic family (parents 'education, parents' work, parental income, number of siblings, and the average income of your brother / sister) and the need lectures (consumption costs, the cost of communications, information and internet, recreation and entertainment cost of health care, housing, type of dwelling, the cost of stationery and supplies lecture) jointly have a significant effect on student achievement Mentawai. Individually variable parental education, parental income, consumption costs, the cost of stationery, books and equipment tuition significant effect on student achievement Mentawai. This conclusion was reiterated theories and previous research revealed that socio-economic factors and the needs of college have a significant effect on student achievement Mentawai.</em><em></em></p>

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