scholarly journals Colon cancer in a 12-year-old girl with hypertriglyceridemia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Pedroni ◽  
Maurizio Ponz de Leon ◽  
Luca Reggiani Bonetti ◽  
Alessandra Viel ◽  
Davide Noto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Apoa5 Gene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Apc I1307k ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Colorectal cancer is usually considered a disease of the elderly; however, in a small fraction of patients (2%-3% of all affected individuals), colorectal malignancies may develop earlier. The reasons whereby some individuals develop colorectal cancer at a young age are poorly understood. In a 12-year-old girl, a malignancy was diagnosed in the ascending colon. There was no familial history of Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis. The metabolic profile of the patient revealed hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at nine years, then diagnosed as familial hypertriglyceridemia due to a constitutional mutation in the APOA5 gene (c.427delC). Moreover, variants possibly increasing the risk of cancer were detected in MSH6 (c.3438+11_3438+14delCTTA, intron 5) and APC (I1307K). The patient showed a rather unusual dietary pattern, since her basic alimentation from weaning consisted almost exclusively of meat homogenates and, subsequently, roasted meat or cutlets. Other foods, including fish, vegetables, sweets, and pasta, were refused. In this case, genetic and environmental factors could have acted in a particularly accelerated manner. Indeed, the genetic background of the patient (familial hypertriglyceridemia and polymorphisms predisposing to colorectal cancer) may have favored a dietary-driven colorectal carcinogenesis, resulting in an extremely early onset development of malignancy.

Badania przesiewowe w profilaktyce raka jelita grubego

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Musińska ◽  
Marta Minkiewicz ◽  
Justyna Wasielica-Berger ◽  
Krystian Kidrycki ◽  
Krzysztof Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Colorectal cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in Poland as well as in the world. In addition, this cancer is the second cause of death among oncological diseases. Genetic and environmental factors with a documented impact on the development and progression of colorectal cancer have been thoroughly investigated. Every case of colorectal cancer begins with the stage of a nonmalignant polyp, whose progression to invasive malignant tumor lasts about 10 years. This period is long enough to implement appropriate preventive action that allow early detection and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions. Colorectal cancer screening is the process of detecting polypoid lesions in asymptomatic patients with no history of cancers. Colonoscopy has the benefit of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, which allows to detect and remove of premalignant polyps in a single step approach. The aim of this work is to present the role of a screening program in the prevention of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Screeners vs. Non-screeners for Colorectal Cancer among People over 50 Years of Age: Factual and Psychological Discriminants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrada Ciucă ◽  
Ramona Moldovan ◽  
Sebastian Pintea ◽  
Dan Dumitrașcu ◽  
Adriana Băban
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Colonoscopy Screening ◽  
History Of ◽  
D Values

Background and Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent form of cancer worldwide, and approximately one third of cases have a positive family history of CRC or associated cancers. Colonoscopy is one of the most effective methods of screening for CRC. Uptake of colonoscopy is suboptimal, and many countries lack a national screening programme. Our study aims at exploring and ranking several factual and psychological variables according to their accuracy in discriminating between screeners and non-screeners for CRC in a convenience sample of people over 50 years of age. Methods: The study included 103 individuals aged over 50 years, recruited from day centres for the elderly. We explored socio-demographic variables, frequency of colonoscopy, previous recommendations for screening, health literacy and family history of cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to establish the discriminative value for each variable between the positive and negative decision for colonoscopy screening. Areas under the curve (AUC) and their equivalent Cohen‘s d values were calculated. Results: Almost a quarter (25.75%) of participants reported previous colonoscopy screening. ROC curve analysis shows that colonoscopy uptake is best discriminated by perceived benefits of screening (AUC=0.71, d=0.78, p<0.001), previous recommendations for screening (AUC=0.68, d=0.69, p<0.001) and previous recommendations for preventive measures (AUC=0.67, d=0.64, p<0.001). Conclusions: Recommendations from healthcare professionals lead to improved colonoscopy uptake when emphasising the benefits of screening. Results can further inform psychosocial interventions by bringing empirical evidence to emphasize screening benefits and explicit recommendations for individuals at risk for CRC cancer.

scholarly journals High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels and risk of cancer in HIV-infected subjects

Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (36) ◽  
pp. e4434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Squillace ◽  
Laura Galli ◽  
Alessandra Bandera ◽  
Antonella Castagna ◽  
Giordano Madeddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

scholarly journals Building Up a Robust Risk Mathematical Platform to Predict Colorectal Cancer

Complexity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zhang ◽  
Chunqiu Zheng ◽  
Tian Li ◽  
Lei Xing ◽  
Han Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Multistep Process ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Heterogeneous Ensemble

Colorectal cancer (CRC), as a result of a multistep process and under multiple factors, is one of the most common life-threatening cancers worldwide. To identify the “high risk” populations is critical for early diagnosis and improvement of overall survival rate. Of the complicated genetic and environmental factors, which group is mostly concerning colorectal carcinogenesis remains contentious. For this reason, this study collects relatively complete information of genetic variations and environmental exposure for both CRC patients and cancer-free controls; a multimethod ensemble model for CRC-risk prediction is developed by employing such big data to train and test the model. Our results demonstrate that (1) the explored genetic and environmental biomarkers are validated to connect to the CRC by biological function- or population-based evidences, (2) the model can efficiently predict the risk of CRC after parameter optimization by the big CRC-related data, and (3) our innovated heterogeneous ensemble learning model (HELM) and generalized kernel recursive maximum correntropy (GKRMC) algorithm have high prediction power. Finally, we discuss why the HELM and GKRMC can outperform the classical regression algorithms and related subjects for future study.

scholarly journals Revealing the Role of High-Density Lipoprotein in Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3352
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zeljkovic ◽  
Jelena Vekic ◽  
Marija Mihajlovic ◽  
Tamara Gojkovic ◽  
Sandra Vladimirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent malignancy with multifactorial etiology, which includes metabolic alterations as contributors to disease development. Studies have shown that lipid status disorders are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. In line with this, previous studies have also suggested that the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level decreases in patients with CRC, but more recently, the focus of investigations has shifted toward the exploration of qualitative properties of HDL in this malignancy. Herein, a comprehensive overview of available evidences regarding the putative role of HDL in CRC will be presented. We will analyze existing findings regarding alterations of HDL-C levels but also HDL particle structure and distribution in CRC. In addition, changes in HDL functionality in this malignancy will be discussed. Moreover, we will focus on the genetic regulation of HDL metabolism, as well as the involvement of HDL in disturbances of cholesterol trafficking in CRC. Finally, possible therapeutic implications related to HDL will be presented. Given the available evidence, future studies are needed to resolve all raised issues concerning the suggested protective role of HDL in CRC, its presumed function as a biomarker, and eventual therapeutic approaches based on HDL.

Body fatness, related biomarkers and cancer risk: an epidemiological perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Nimptsch ◽  
Tobias Pischon
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

AbstractHigher body fatness is not only associated with a higher risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease but also with certain types of cancer. The scope of this review is to summarize the epidemiological evidence for an association between body fatness and specific types of cancer and to outline the mediating role of obesity-related biomarkers in this context. Epidemiological studies have gathered convincing evidence that greater body fatness is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer, postmenopausal breast cancer, endometrial cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. Further, evidence for an association between higher body fatness and higher risk of ovarian cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma is growing. Abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer beyond general obesity, whereas an independent role is less clear for other obesity-related cancer types. Epidemiological biomarker studies have shown that the positive association between body fatness and risk of cancer may be partly explained by hyperinsulinemia and altered concentrations in adipokines and sex-steroid hormones. In addition, obesity-associated low-grade inflammation plays a role in colorectal carcinogenesis. While epidemiology has contributed substantially to the understanding of the role of higher body fatness and related metabolic alterations in the development of cancer, further epidemiological biomarker studies are necessary to elucidate the complex interrelations between mediating pathways as well as to study novel pathways. Knowledge resulting from this research may help identify an obesity phenotype that is particularly strongly associated with cancer risk and thus pave the way for targeted prevention of cancer morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Do cholesterol levels and continuity of statin use affect colorectal cancer incidence in older adults under 75 years of age?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250716
Author(s):  
Kyu-Tae Han ◽  
Seungju Kim
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Statin Use

Introduction Colorectal cancer(CRC) is 3rd most common cancer and has a relatively high mortality rate. Currently, the relationships between CRC and serum cholesterol or statin treatment, especially in older adults under 75 years of age, remain questionable due to a lack of data. The present study evaluated the association between serum cholesterol levels and statin treatment continuity and CRC risk in older adults under 75 years of age. Methods This study used senior cohort data obtained from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. The selected cohort contains 131,266 participants who were enrolled from 2009 to 2011 and followed for up to 5 years. Serum cholesterol levels were classified as categorical variables, and continuity of statin treatment was evaluated based on dyslipidemia diagnosis and average medication possession ratio. We used Cox regression analysis to evaluate the associations between CRC risk and serum cholesterol level or statin use. Results A low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was significantly associated with high CRC risk compared to an HDL-C level in the normal range(hazard ratio [HR]: 1.197, 95% CI: 1.040–1.377). A high level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) was associated with increased CRC risk compared to a normal LDL-C level, but not statistically significant. Statin use was associated with decreased CRC risk, and high medication compliance was inversely associated with CRC risk in patients with and without dyslipidemia. Conclusions Statin use was associated with decreased CRC risk, and high medication compliance was inversely associated with CRC risk in patients with and without dyslipidemia compared to non-use of medication. Regular health examinations can help identify individuals who are vulnerable to CRC, and continued statin use may be associated with a reduced risk of CRC. This is particularly important in patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Maternal Cardiovascular Risk Assessment 3-to-11 Years Postpartum in Relation to Previous Occurrence of Pregnancy-Related Complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Hromadnikova ◽  
Katerina Kotlabova ◽  
Lenka Dvorakova ◽  
Ladislav Krofta
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Delivery Date ◽  
History Of ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Previous Occurrence

The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term outcomes of women 3-to-11 years postpartum in relation to the previous occurrence of pregnancy-related complications such as gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference values, the average values of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures and heart rate, total serum cholesterol levels, serum HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, serum LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, serum triglycerides levels, serum lipoprotein A levels, serum CRP (C-reactive protein) levels, plasma homocysteine levels, serum uric acid levels, individual and relative risks of having a heart attack or stroke over the next ten years were compared between groups (50 GH, 102 PE, 34 FGR and 90 normal pregnancies) and correlated with the severity of the disease with regard to clinical signs (25 PE without severe features, 77 PE with severe features), and delivery date (36 early PE, 66 late PE). The adjustment for potential covariates was made, where appropriate. At 3–11 years follow-up women with a history of GH, PE regardless of the severity of the disease and the delivery date, PE without severe features, PE with severe features, early PE, and late PE had higher BMI, waist circumferences, SBP, DBP, and predicted 10-year cardiovascular event risk when compared with women with a history of normotensive term pregnancy. In addition, increased serum levels of uric acid were found in patients previously affected with GH, PE regardless of the severity of the disease and the delivery date, PE with severe features, early PE, and late PE. Higher serum levels of lipoprotein A were found in patients previously affected with early PE. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were able to identify a substantial proportion of women previously affected with GH or PE with a predisposition to later onset of cardiovascular diseases. Women with a history of GH and PE represent a risky group of patients that may benefit from implementation of early primary prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Daily Grape Juice Consumption Promotes Weight Loss, Improved Stability and Reduced the DNA Damage in the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Pedro Cañete da Costa ◽  
Amanda Stolzenberg Blembeel ◽  
Mariane Farias Wohlenberg ◽  
Tatiane Gabardo ◽  
Denise dos Santos Lacerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Nuclear Changes

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of chronic supplementation with grape juice (400ml), in modulating the anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Thirty-nine seniors participated and were evaluated at baseline after 30 days. The chronic consumption of grape juice reduced weight, BMI and waist circumference. Indeed, the consumption modulated biochemical parameters, decreased the total cholesterol levels, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Urea and GGT. In addition, the intake of juice improved the performance in the TUG test, and caused more stability in the elderly. The levels of protein oxidation declined and the antioxidant potential significantly increased as well as SOD and the ratio SOD / CAT. In contrast, levels reduced sulfhydryl groups to consumption. In nuclear changes there are a decrease in the frequency of MN and picnosis. In conclusion, grape juice could be an excellent option to improve quality of life in elderly.

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