scholarly journals Carbon Stock Stratification of Peat Soils in South Kalimantan, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zakiah ◽  
Muhammad Noor ◽  
Dedi Nursyamsi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
And Chemical Properties

<p>Carbon stock in peat soils is very high, it is necessary to prudent in its management because peat soils is emitting greenhouse gases such as CO<sub>2</sub> during land clearing due to oxidation of peat layer.  This research was conducted to study soil carbon stock stratification in relation to soil physical and chemical properties. The carbon stock stratification was based on maturity degrees of peat.  The study was conducted in Pulau Damar Village, Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan Province on land use rubber.  The location of the study area was determined by using the purposive sampling method.  All data obtained were analyzed by Excel spreadsheets and drawn on a CorelDraw 12. The results showed that the amount of carbon stock was influenced by the maturity degrees of peats, peat sapric degres has higher carbon stock than of hemik and fibric with a ratio of  2.0: 1.5: 1.  The relationship between soil carbon stock with soil physic (Bulk Density, BD) and chemical properties (pH, Eh, Fe, and total-N) were not significantly.</p>

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Properties of Cultivated Peat Soils in Four Trial Sites of ICCTF in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Hikmatullah ◽  
. Sukarman
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The large distribution of peat soils in Indonesia have important role in carbon stock and greenhouse gas emission which contribute to global warming issue. The objective of this study was to characterize physical and chemical properties of cultivated peat soils in four trial sites of Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) in Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, Riau and Jambi Provinces to provide a baseline data by a greenhouse gas emission study. Detailed soil observations were conducted using grid system with spacing of 25 × 50 m. A total of 16 representative peat soil profiles consisting of 74 soil samples of horizons were selected for laboratory analyses. The results showed that peat maturity varied from hemic to sapric in the surface layers and hemic in the subsurface layers, except in Site-2 that was fibric. The peat thickness ranged respectively from 5.4 to 7.0 m in Site-1 and Site-3, and from 0.5 to 2.5 m in site-2 and site-4, and all overlying fine-textured mineral soil (substratum). Depth of water table varied from 10 to 30 cm in Site-2 and Site-4, and from 30 to 70 cm in Site-1 and Site-3. Fiber content ranged from 13 to 57% and increased with depth indicating the peat was less decomposed. The bulk density was very low (0.07-0.24 g cm-3) and negatively correlated to fiber content (r = 0.74 for Kalimantan and r = 0.66 for Sumatra). The ash content was low (0.1-8.5%) and negatively correlated to organic carbon content (r = 0.89 for Kalimantan and r = 0.65 for Sumatra). Soil CEC was high and positively correlated to organic carbon content (r = 0.86 for Kalimantan and r = 0.93 for Sumatra). These soils showed very acid reaction (pH 3.3-4.7), low content of exchangeable bases and total P2O5 and K2O (HCl 25%). Based on these properties, the peat soils were grouped as oligotrophic ombrogenous peat. The estimated carbon stock for all the trial sites with total extent of 22.58 ha was 57,282 Mg C. The variation of thickness, maturity, and water table depth will imply to the magnitude of carbon reserves and greenhouse gas emissions. [How to Cite: Hikmatullah and Sukarman. 2014. Physical and Chemical Properties of Cultivated Peat Soils in Four Trial Sites of ICCTF in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia. J Trop Soils 19: 131-141. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.131]

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

Soil Physical and Chemical Properties under Four Densities of Hybrid Larch Plantations

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2139-2142
Author(s):  
Shu Li Wang ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Wei Bin Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Larix Olgensis ◽  
Hybrid Larch ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Total P ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The soil physical and chemical properties of four densities (A:2500/hm2，B:3300/hm2，C:4400/hm2，D:6600/hm2) of hybrid Larch plantations, Larix olgensis plantation(E) and Quercus mandsurica forest(F) were studied in Jiangshanjiao forest farm of Heilongjiang province of China. Soil bulk density, soil porosity, total N, total P, available N and available P were affected significantly by plantation density in hybrid Larch plantations. The lowest surface soil bulk density was in density 2500/hm2. Soil porosity of density 2500/hm2and 3300/hm2was bigger than that of density 4400/hm2and density 6600/hm2. Total N, total P and available N of density 4400/hm2and 3300/hm2were higher than that of density 6600/hm2and density 2500/hm2. Total N, total P, available N and available P of hybrid Larch plantations were not lower than that of Larix olgensis plantation. The results of the soil physical and chemical properties under different densities of hybrid Larch plantations and different types of forest seems to confirm that hybrid Larch plantation did not decreased the soil fertility, and the hybrid Larch plantation with densities of 3300/hm2and 4400/hm2could be conductive to improving the soil quality. The results would provide the theories basis for manage the hybrid Larch plantations.

scholarly journals Interferons: Purification and Physicochemical Aspects

1970 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Fantes
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pure Substance ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
High Purification ◽  
Interferon Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Very High ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Antiviral interferon activity in any one species can be exhibited by a variety of substances that differ in their physical and chemical properties, but the nature of these differences is not understood. Conditions that can lead to the formation of diverse types of interferons have been outlined. Reasons have been adduced why, for certain purposes, purification of interferons is desirable or even necessary, and examples have been presented to show how and to what extent this has been achieved. In spite of some very high purification factors, not a single interferon has been obtained as a pure substance. Therefore, all available knowledge of physical and chemical properties has been obtained by indirect means.

Extremely high diversity of euglenophytes in a small pond in eastern Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Poniewozik ◽  
Josef Juráň
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Very High ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Background and aims – Phytoplankton samples were taken from a periodic, small and very shallow former clay-pit pond in eastern Poland near Lublin city. Diversity of the euglenophyte community was assessed during the period 2002–2004 and in 2014. Methods – Water samples were collected with a 20 µm plankton net and with a slime aspirator (20 ml capacity) from the surface of the bottom. One aliquot of each sample was fixed for SEM observation; the fresh part of the sample was analysed using light microscope. Physical and chemical properties of the water (pH, temperature, conductivity, phosphates and ammonium salt contents) were measured. Diversity indices were calculated (Shannon-Wiener, evenness, Margalef and Simpson) and UPGMA cluster analysis was applied to discern differences among euglenoid assemblages.Key results – In total, 63 euglenophyte taxa were found. The euglenophyte community was dominated by species belonging to the Trachelomonas genus (29 taxa). The most abundant and constant component were widespread and common species such as T. caudata, T. hispida, T. intermedia, T. volvocina and T. volvocinopsis. They usually occurred in very high densities. We also found some rarely reported euglenophytes including Euglena granulata, Trachelomonas lemmermannii, and T. sydneyensis. Conclusions – Euglenophytes were, with a few exceptions, the only group inhabiting the pond. Representatives of other groups such as diatoms or Scenedesmus species were recorded only occasionally. Nearly half of the taxa that were recorded in the first period (2002–2004) were found again after ten years. Of special concern was taxa belonging to the genus Trachelomonas. Trachelomonads, although known to represent taxa preferring waters moderately rich in nutrients, were very numerous in the investigated pond, which was enriched in phosphorus and nitrogen compounds.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN PUPUK BOKASIH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KESUBURAN FISIK DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA LAHAN PEMBUDIDAYAAN TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum MILL.)

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Paulus O Lana ◽  
Charly Mutiara
Keyword(s):  
Pore Space ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Soil Pore Space ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Very High ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study aims to determine the effect of bokashi fertilizer dosage on the physical and chemical properties of soil on tomato plants and the optimum dose of bokashi fertilizer which can provide the best influence on the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The research design used was a randomized block design (RBD) with a single factor pattern consisting of five treatments namely B0 = 0 tons ha-1 bokashi fertilizer (control), B1 = 5 tons ha-1 bokashi fertilizer, B2 = 10 tons ha-1 bokashi fertilizer, B3 = 15 tons ha-1 bokashi fertilizer, B4 = 20 tons ha-1 bokashi fertilizer. The observation variables in this study were soil volume/bulk density (gr /cm3), total soil pore space (%), N- total soil, available P-soil, available K-soil, soil C-organic, and soil pH. The results showed that the administration of bokashi fertilizer was able to improve the physical properties of soil in tomato plants, namely the weight of the soil volume decreased by 1,120 gr / cm³, water holding capacity increased by 30.24%, and soil pore space increased by 57.74%, so that the soil aggregate became good Giving doses of bokashi fertilizer can improve soil chemical properties in tomato plants, namely C-organic 0.91% very low, N-total soil 0.32% medium, P-available 37.25 ppm very high, and K-available 425.64 ppm very high and soil pH to 6.81 neutral. The supply of 20 tons/ha of bokashi fertilizer can improve soil physical and chemical properties optimally in tomato plants.

scholarly journals Soil-Landscape Relationship in the Northern Volcanic Mountain of Leyte, Philippines

2017 ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Roland Rallos ◽  
Victor Asio ◽  
Faustino Villamayor
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Landscape Position ◽  
Soil Landscape ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unstable Position ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Studies on soil-landscape relationships are necessary to improve our understanding of the spatial distribution and variation of soils for their sustainable management. This study evaluated the relationship between soil properties and landscape position in the northern volcanic mountain of Leyte, Philippines. Five soil profiles located on summit, shoulder, backslope and footslope positions were evaluated. Findings revealed that the degree of soil development as well as the soil morphophysical and chemical properties varied with landscape position. The soil in the most stable position (summit) had thicker solum and slightly more developed soil profile than the soils in other landscape positions. On the other hand, soils in the unstable position (backslope) generally had thinner solum. All the five soils also revealed the influence of the andesitic volcanic parent material on their properties. They all showed some properties typical of Andisols such as low bulk density and high pH in NaF although they were classified as Andic Dystrudept. The soils all possessed physical and chemical constraints for crop production.

Pronamide Phytotoxicity in Ten Wisconsin Soils

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Dutt ◽  
R. G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Pronamide [3,5-dichloro-(N-1, 1-dimethyl-2-propynyl) benzamide] phytotoxicity was compared in 10 Wisconsin soils and the relationship of activity to soil physical and chemical properties appraised. Twelve soil properties were measured and correlated with pronamide I50(50% fresh weight inhibition) values using oats (Avena sativaL. ‘Portal’) as the indicator plant in bioassays conducted under greenhouse conditions. Organic matter was the soil variable most inversely correlated with pronamide phytotoxicity. Cation exchange capacity, field moisture capacity, and Mg content were also inversely correlated with pronamide phytotoxicity, but probably reflect changes in soil organic matter levels. Clay content did not significantly affect pronamide phytotoxicity.

Effect of Vinasse Application on Soil in Sugarcane Fields

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Meng Wei ◽  
Gui Ping Xu ◽  
Hai Rong Guo ◽  
Xiao Fei Wang ◽  
Li Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Heavy Metals ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The article mainly regards the soil of sugarcane fields in Guangxi as the research object. The study will discuss the changes of the sugarcane soil after vinasse application, including physical and chemical properties of soil, heavy metals content, soil microorganism and soil enzyme activities. The results showed that, vinasse application can reduce soil pH, improve the total N,P,K content; decrease the soil heavy metals, showing a significant impact on Cd. In addition, the influences to the number of culturable bacteria in the soil were more obvious than to the number of fungi and actinomycetes. And the activity of invertase in soil was also improved, which was advantaged of the carbon cycle in the soil. In short, vinasse can be used as a kind of liquid fertilizer to improve soil fertility and protect micro ecological environment of the soil.

Soil Degradation in Argan Woodlands, South Morocco

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Kirchhoff ◽  
Lars Engelmann ◽  
Lutz Leroy Zimmermann ◽  
Irene Marzolff ◽  
Manuel Seeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Argan Tree ◽  
Single Ring ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
And Chemical Properties

&lt;p&gt;The argan tree (Argania spinosa) populations, endemic to South Morocco, have been highly degraded. Although the argan tree is the source of the valuable argan oil and is protected by law, overbrowsing and -grazing as well as the intensification and expansion of agricultural land lead to tree and soil degradation. Young stands cannot establish themselves; undergrowth is scarce due to the semiarid/arid climate and thus, goats, sheep and dromedaries continually browse the trees. Canopy-covered areas decrease and are degraded while areas without vegetation cover between the argan trees increase.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On 30 test sites, 60 soil samples of tree and intertree areas were studied on their soil physical and chemical properties. 36 rainfall simulations and 60 single-ring infiltration measurements were conducted to measure potential differences between tree/intertree areas in their runoff/erosion and infiltration properties. Significant differences using a t-test were found for the studied parameters saturated hydraulic conductivity, pH, electric conductivity, percolation stability, total C-content, total N-content, K-content, Na-content and Mg-content. Surface runoff and soil erosion were not statistically significant, but showed similar trends due to the higher complexity of runoff formation. The soil covered by argan trees generally showed less signs of degradation than intertree areas. With ever-expanding intertree areas due to the lack of rejuvenation of argan trees a further degradation of the soil can be assumed.&lt;/p&gt;

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document