IMMUNITY STATE IN THE OFFSPRING OF RATS EXPOSED ANTIGENS TOXOPLASMA GONDII

Today the questions about possibility of development disturbances in the immune system of the fetus and the newborn in chronic toxoplasmosis are poorly understood. Aim of research: to detect immunological disturbances in the offspring of rats which have been administered antigens T. gondii.Two series of experiments was performed. In these experiments white female Wistar rats in the III trimester of pregnancy have been administered corpuscular antigen T. gondii. The 60 days-old offspring of these rats have been included in study group of 137 animals. CD3+ cells count was performed in peripherical blood and standard suspension of splenocytesrats offspring. Peripherical blood cells count was performed in the blood of the rats offspring. In the second experiment rats offspring have been administered sheep erythrocytes in 5 days, before euthanasia. In spleen of this rats antigen-produced cells was counted.In control group was included 118 animals, which was born from white female Wistar rats have been administered 0,9% NaCl solution. CD3+ cells was detected in Cytomics FC500 flow cytometry analyzer (Beckman Coulter,USA) by use rats origne-specifed monoclonal antibodies Anti-Rat CD3-FITC (Beckman Coulter,USA). Hematological parameters was assessed by use hematological analyzer Excell-22 (USA).We observed, that CD3+ lymphocytes and antigen-produced cells was decreased in test group (degress of decrease CD3+ cells was 17,2%; р = 0,003 in spleen vs. control group, degress of decrease antigen-produced cells was 27,3%; р = 0,03 vs. control group). Number of leukocytes was increased in in test group (34,5%; р = 0,009 vs. control group). Power and strength correlation pleiades between studied blood and spenal markers were higher in in test group vs. control group (∑Gi = 16; ∑Di = 4,38 vs. ∑Gi = 13; ∑Di = 2,28). This phenomenon is probably due to the development adaptive reactions disruption in the immune system and development secondary immunodeficiency states in the offspring of rats.Violations of immunoreactivity, as well as disruption the possibility of operational restructuring of the immune system and choosing the best immune response in the offspring of rats whose perinatal development take place under the effect of antigens T. gondii, persists for a long time – within 60 days of postnatal life.

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Subchronic Toxicity of Green Algae (Spyrogyra sp.) Ethanolic Extract on Hematologic Parameters

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v5i4.5962 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 484

Author(s):

Nina Salamah ◽

Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽

Hari Susanti ◽

Anggita Devi ◽

Anita Wening Sejati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Green Algae ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Test Group ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Subchronic Toxicity ◽

Immune Parameters ◽

Hematology Parameters

Green Algae, an organism with active substance such as phytomelatonin, has potential to be developed as Indonesian traditional medicine. As the long term addition of Green Algae ethanol extract (Ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau, EEGH) influences the hematology system, in this paper, the safety test was done to ensure the safety of its use through subchronic toxicity test of EEGH on the hematology parameters of Wistar rats. The test group consisted of three groups treated with EEGH 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, while the control group was given by 0.5% CMC-Na, with 8 rats each respectively. By using blood samples taken from orbital sinus on the 29th day, common hematologic parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hemoglobin level), the parameters of hemostasis (platelets, pT, aPTT, BT) and immune parameters (Differential Leukocytes Counts include neutrophils segment, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils) were finally observed and showed that the 28 days-addition of EEGH increase the hematological parameters of Wistar rats.

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The effect of dexamethasone in the pathogenesis of ligature-induced periodontal disease in Wistar rats

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242005000400010 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 290-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Juliano Cavagni ◽

Ana Cristina Soletti ◽

Eduardo José Gaio ◽

Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Test Group ◽

Alveolar Bone Loss ◽

Control Group ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

The Mean

The aim of this study was to evaluate, in rats, the role of the systemic use of dexamethasone in the pathogenesis of induced alveolar bone loss. In 26 female Wistar rats, ligatures were placed around the second upper molars, and the contralateral ones served as intra-group controls. Two groups were formed. The test group received 0.5 mg/kg of dexamethasone subcutaneously every third day during thirty days. The control group received the same amount of saline solution. After thirty days, the animals were sacrificed and their maxillae were removed. Sodium hypochlorite was used to prepare the specimens, and the cementum-enamel junction was stained with 1% methylene blue. Morphometric analysis of the alveolar bone loss was performed with standardized digital photographs, and the distance between the cementum-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest was measured with the software ImageTool 3.0. Intra-examiner calibration revealed a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.99. Statistical analysis was performed by paired or independent samplet tests, as appropriate (alpha = 0.05). Dexamethasone increased the mean alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in relation to the control group (0.77 and 0.61 buccally, and 0.65 and 0.56 palatally, respectively). No significant differences were observed intergroups in the teeth without ligatures. In the animal model used here, the use of dexamethasone increased the progression of ligature-induced alveolar bone loss.

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Pharmacological correction of experimental osteoporosis and fractures related to it by means of rosuvastatin, L-norvaline and their combination

Research Results in Pharmacology ◽

10.3897/rrpharmacology.4.32145 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 79-87

Author(s):

Mikhail Sobolev ◽

Alexander Faitelson ◽

Samuel Rajkumar

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Bone Structure ◽

Protective Action ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

White Female ◽

Control Group ◽

Experimental Osteoporosis ◽

Pleiotropic Action ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Fracture Consolidation

Introduction: osteoporosis (OP) is a multifactorial disease which is based on a dynamic decrease in bone mass and, as a result, disruption of bone structure, leading to higher chances of skeletal fractures. Endothelial dysfunction is a key cause of impaired blood supply to the bone, resulting in a decreased perfusion, disrupted osteogenesis and, as a consequence, osteoporotic changes. According to modern literature and available research, L-norvaline and rosuvastatin have a powerful endotheliotropic effect. However, there is no information that the osteoprotective properties of these drugs used as a monotherapy and as their combination have ever been studied. Materials and Methods: Simulation of experimental osteoporosis was performed on 120 white female Wistar rats. After eight weeks, the operated rats developed hypoestrogenic osteoporosis. L-norvaline and rosuvastatin, both as a monotherapy and in their combination, were used from week 9 to week 12, inclusive. The extent of changes on the background of osteoporosis was estimated twelve weeks after oophorectomy. Simulation of closed osteoporotic fractures of the femurs and their osteosynthesis were performed on 120 white female Wistar rats. Experimental osteoporosis was modeled on all animals (except the control group). Eight weeks after the removal of the ovaries on the background of developing osteoporosis, fractures of the femur were simulated. The test drugs and their combination were applied from week 1 to week 4, inclusive, after the modeling of osteoporotic fractures and their osteosynthesis. Twelve weeks after the start of the experiment, the results of fracture consolidation were analyzed. Results and Discussion: Rosuvastatin at a dose of 0.86 mg/kg, L-norvaline at a dose of 10 mg/kg, and their combination prevented a decrease in the level of microcirculation in the callus, had an anti-osteoporotic effect, and also contributed to an increased number of healed experimental fractures. The osteoprotective effect of the test drugs is, apparently, due to their endothelial-protective action. Conclusion: The range of the pleiotropic action of drugs with endothelial-protective properties can be extended by adding an osteoprotective element, which, however, requires additional research.

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Subchronic Toxicity of Green Algae (Spyrogyra sp.) Ethanolic Extract on Hematologic Parameters

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/.v5i4.5962 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 484

Author(s):

Nina Salamah ◽

Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽

Hari Susanti ◽

Anggita Devi ◽

Anita Wening Sejati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Green Algae ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Test Group ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Subchronic Toxicity ◽

Immune Parameters ◽

Hematology Parameters

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RESVERATROL INCLUSION COMPLEX WITH β-CYCLODEXTRIN (RCD): CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i1.15399 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. S. K. Nishihira ◽

N. J. Mezzomo ◽

M. D. Baldissera ◽

R. A. Vaucher ◽

C. G. Pinto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inclusion Complex ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Scanning Calorimetry

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterise the resveratrol inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (RCD) and evaluate their toxicity in wistar rats.Methods: The RCD were prepared in ultra-turrax. For characterization of the RCD were used: Fourier transform infra-red Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The RCD and others 4 treatments were performed by the chronic oral administration in 35 rats during 60 ds. After the treatments they were euthanized and the serum blood were collected to analyzed some hemogram and biochemical parameters including aspartyl aminotransferase (AST); alanine aminotransferase (AST); phosphatase alkaline (ALP); total bilirubin (TB); direct bilirubin (DB); total protein (TP); total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, iron and phosphate using fully automated biochemistry analyzer.Results: The characterization results indicated a successful formation of the RCD. All hematological parameters analysed were within the normal values in all the groups. Furthermore, the hemogram and biochemical parameters were significantly (P>0.05) similar to the control group.Conclusion: The daily oral administration during 60 d of RCD are not harmful on blood parameters of Wistar rats. Thus, RCD can be used safely for treatment of some metabolic diseases.

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Examination of Haematotoxicity of Fixed-Dose Highly Active Antiretroviral Drug in Albino Wistar Rats

ISRN Pharmacology ◽

10.5402/2012/309084 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Thomas Nubila ◽

Ernest O. Ukaejiofo ◽

Nkoyo I. Nubila ◽

Godfrey I. Okorie

Keyword(s):

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Test Group ◽

Mean Value ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

Control Group ◽

Highly Active ◽

Significant Difference

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is considered toxic and has other life-threatening side effects. Our aim was to evaluate the haematotoxic effects of lamivudine, zidovudine, and nevirapine fixed-dose combinations in Albino Wistar rats. Fifty (50) three (3) months old male Albino Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were randomly assigned to five (5) groups (A, B, C, D, and E). Group A served as control. Two (2 mLs) of venous blood was aseptically collected on Days 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 of treatment. Red blood cell (RBC) mean value recorded statistically significant increase () in groups B and C when compared with the control group on Day 5. However, there was a statistically significant decrease () in RBC, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and some red cell indices on Day 10. In addition there was no statistically significant difference () in all the parameters evaluated when the test group was compared with the control on Day 25. Furthermore, there was a time-related statistically significant increase () in the two major blood cells—RBC and platelet counts. From the result of this present study, it can be concluded that HAART when administered in fixed-dose combinations have no subacute haematotoxic effects.

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A 90-Day Oral Toxicity of Hydroethanolic Root Extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar Rats

Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1155/2021/5570206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Komlan M. Dossou-Yovo ◽

Aboudoulatif Diallo ◽

Povi Lawson-Evi ◽

Yendubé T. Kantati ◽

Tchin Darré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Root Extract ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Significant Difference

Background. Herbal medication is a worldwide and ancient practice, mostly in developing countries, where a large part of the population is involved in this practice. Hence, studies must be conducted to evaluate their safety and efficiency to avoid or prevent toxicological risks due to their usage. In Togo, Carissa spinarum is a medicinal plant belonging to Apocynaceae family, used as an aphrodisiac or to heal some ailments including malaria, sickle cell anemia, hypertension, pain, and asthma. Notwithstanding its several ethnomedicinal benefits, just a few toxicological data associated with its chronic use are available. Objective. Therefore, this study aims to assess the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar rats. Methods. The 90-day oral toxicity process following OECD TG 408 guidelines is used. Male Wistar rats received Carissa spinarum root hydroethanolic extract at 500 and 1000 mg/kg for 90 days by oral gavage. Body weight changes, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weight changes, malondialdehyde as a lipoperoxidation marker expressed according to tissue proteins, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. No signs of toxicity or mortality were observed during the 90 days experiment. Hematological parameters have not shown any treatment-related abnormalities. According to biochemical parameters, an increase in the chloride ion level was observed at 1000 mg/kg p < 0.01 . There was no significant difference between the treated groups and the control group concerning the malondialdehyde concentration, body weight, and organ relative weight. No changes in necropsy and histopathology of vital organs associated with extract treatment were observed. Conclusion. The results indicated that an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum does not cause adverse effects, which can lead to Wistar rats’ death after 90-day oral administration at 500 and 1000 mg.

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The effect of dermal benzophenone-2 administration on immune system activity, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activity and hematological parameters in male Wistar rats

Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.tox.2018.04.002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 402-403 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Żaneta Broniowska ◽

Joanna Ślusarczyk ◽

Beata Starek-Świechowicz ◽

Ewa Trojan ◽

Bartosz Pomierny ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

System Activity ◽

Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Thyroid Axis

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ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA EXTRACT ON FEMALE WISTAR RATS VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS MODEL

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i3.38308 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 66-68

Author(s):

MUHAMMAD RUSDA

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Therapeutic Effect ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Analytic Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Antifungal Effect ◽

Female Wistar Rats

Objective: To assess the antifungal effect of Nigella sativa extract on female Wistar rats vulvovaginal candidiasis. Methods: This was an analytic study that assess the therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa in rats’ vulvovaginal candidiasis model. The subjects were 28 rats that had been inoculated with Candida albicans and divided into 4 groups: control group (G1), fluconazole group (G2), Nigella sativa group (G3) and combination of Nigella sativa with fluconazole group (G4). Candida albicans colony was measured to assess the therapeutic effect of the treatment. Results: There were no difference number of Candida albicans colony between all group before inoculation (p = 0,274) and after inoculation (p = 0,323). There were a significant decreased number of Candida albicans colony on the 72 h after the treatment between the three types of treatment with the control group (Nigella sativa group p = 0,002; Fluconazole group p = 0,001; Nigella sativa+fluconazole p = 0,001) Conclusion: Nigella sativa has a potential antifungal effect by reducing the number of Candida albicans colonies.

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Comparison of the absorption efficiency of α- and β-cryptoxanthin in female Wistar rats

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507336751 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 329-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dietmar E. Breithaupt ◽

Elhadi M. Yahia ◽

Francisco J. Valdés Velázquez

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Absorption Efficiency ◽

Array Detector ◽

Control Group ◽

Plasma Samples ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Rat Livers

Xanthophylls, such as lutein and zeaxanthin, have received increasing interest in recent years because of positive correlations between their consumption and the prevention of eye diseases. Numerous human intervention studies have been conducted with lutein to estimate the bioavailability from different formulations. The present study was designed to obtain basic data on the absorbance efficiency of the monohydroxylated counterparts of lutein and zeaxanthin: α- and β-cryptoxanthin. A corn-oil-based diet comprising ß-cryptoxanthin from papaya purée and α-cryptoxanthin from green carrot leaves was fed to five female Wistar rats for 8 consecutive days at a rate of 17·3 nmol/d and 9·2 nmol/d, respectively. The identity of the xanthophylls in the supplement was ascertained by LC-(APCI)MS analyses, and xanthophylls present in liver and plasma samples were determined by HPLC/diode array detector (DAD). The β-cryptoxanthin concentrations of rat livers in the treatment group were statistically distinguishable (P < 0·01) from those present in the livers of the control group that were fed a basic diet. α-Cryptoxanthin, the second xanthophyll present in the supplement, was not found in rat livers in the treatment group. Plasma samples were free of xanthophylls. This is the first report proving that β-cryptoxanthin has a higher absorption efficiency than α-cryptoxanthin in rats, at least from a minimally processed oil-based xanthophyll supplement.

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