A Cross Sectional Study for Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation by Using Saline, Iodine, Glycerol-Iodine, KOH and LPCB Wet Mount Preparations of Stool Samples From Patients Attending Aims, Dewas

(1) Background: Individuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease display gut dysbiosis when compared to healthy controls. However, it is unknown whether there is a change in dysbiosis across the stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease. We investigated a cross-sectional study of patients with early and late diabetes associated chronic kidney disease to identify possible microbial differences between these two groups and across each of the stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 95 adults. DNA extracted from collected stool samples were used for 16S rRNA sequencing to identify the bacterial community in the gut. (3) Results: The phylum Firmicutes was the most abundant and its mean relative abundance was similar in the early and late chronic kidney disease group, 45.99 ± 0.58% and 49.39 ± 0.55%, respectively. The mean relative abundance for family Bacteroidaceae, was also similar in the early and late group, 29.15 ± 2.02% and 29.16 ± 1.70%, respectively. The lower abundance of Prevotellaceae remained similar across both the early 3.87 ± 1.66% and late 3.36 ± 0.98% diabetic chronic kidney disease groups. (4) Conclusions: The data arising from our cohort of individuals with diabetes associated chronic kidney disease show a predominance of phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The families Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidaceae represent the highest abundance, while the beneficial Prevotellaceae family were reduced in abundance. The most interesting observation is that the relative abundance of these gut microbes does not change across the early and late stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease, suggesting that this is an early event in the development of diabetes associated chronic kidney disease. We hypothesise that the dysbiotic microbiome acquired during the early stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease remains relatively stable and is only one of many risk factors that influence progressive kidney dysfunction.

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Identification of Hookworm Species in Stool By Harada Mori Culture

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.3329/bjmm.v4i2.10821 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 3-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sazzad Bin Shahid ◽

A Chowdhury ◽

S M Shamsuzzaman ◽

K Z Mamun

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Laboratory Methods ◽

Necator Americanus ◽

Medical College ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Hookworm Infections

This cross sectional study was done from January 2009 to June 2010 in Microbiology department of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka to identify hookworm species and to compare different laboratory methods for diagnosis of hookworm infections. Among the 375 stool samples evaluated, 26 (6.93%) samples were positive for hookworms. Ankylostoma duodenale were 3 (11.50%) and Necator americanus were 23 (88.50%). Harada Mori culture was found as the most effective method for detection of hookworms.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v4i2.10821

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CHOLERA OUTBREAK IN WASIT GOVERNORATE, IRAQ 2017

Global Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37557/gjphm.v2i2.52 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 211-219

Keyword(s):

Acute Diarrhoea ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cholera Outbreak ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Endemic Diseases ◽

Health Directorate ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Program Version

Introduction: Cholera is a major public health ongoing problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries. The main objective of the current study was to assess the distribution of cholera in Wasit governorate during the 2017 epidemic. Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study. All patients were registered in health directorate records. The data collection lasted from 2nd of January 2018 till 28th February 2018 by formal registration for records of the directorate of Wasit health\ section of communicable diseases\ epidemiological surveillance unit. All registered cholera confirmed cases were included and frequency tables were done using SPSS program version 23. Results: The results showed that only (25) positive cases of cholera from (6175) total of stool samples taken from (20954) of acute diarrhoea recorded during 2017, and the highest percentage of cases (66.7%) were registered in September. The highest percentage of cases (32%) appear within the age category (>45) years while the lowest percentage was in under five years children(8%). Women constituted about (68%) of all cases. All cases were in Al-Suwaira health care district and all cases were of the type Inaba. All patients were recovered with no fatality. Even, the highest attack rate of cholera nationally and in Wasit was in 2015 outbreak. Conclusion: Cholera still one of the endemic diseases in Iraq that caused an outbreak at different times. Although, it still under control and need further work for special situations where the infection most likely distributed.

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Immunological and molecular detection of rotavirus genotype in calves with gastroenteritis in Diyala-Iraq

10.53346/wjbpr.2021.1.1.0013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 001-013

Author(s):

Ammar Talib Nasser ◽

Abdulrazak Shafiq Hasan ◽

Amer Khazaal Saleh ◽

Mohammad Kassem Saleh

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽

Group A ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Age Range

Aim: To explore the prevalence of rotavirus infection along with the molecular detection and genotyping of group A rotavirus (RVA) among bovine calves up to 5 months old in Diyala province-Iraq. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in Diyala province-Iraq during the period of 2019-2020. One hundred bovine calves with age range of 1-5 months were included in the study. All were suffering acute gastroenteritis. Serum anti-rotavirus IgM and IgG plus fecal rotavirus Ag were tested for using ELISA techniques. Stool samples positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for G and P genes, followed by sequencing and genotyping thereafter. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25 and P values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The positivity rate of anti-rotavirus IgM was 80% (P = 0.0001), and that of anti-rotavirus IgG was 79% (P = 0.0001). The rotavirus stool antigen was detected in 68% of calves (P = 0.01). A total of 45 stool samples which were positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for RT-PCR; 13 (28.9%) were positive and 32 (71.1%) were negative (P = 0.084). 10 PCR positive samples were used for sequencing and genotyping and indicated that all investigated strains belonged to G1P[8] genotype. Conclusion: The current strains analyzed belonged to the G1P[8] RVA genotypes, affirming that employment of VP7 gene polymorphism accurately yielded uniform phylogenetic distances amongst investigated rotavirus strains and that there were no noticeable assortment events between human and animal rotavirus strains in Diyala province.

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Gambaran Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth Pada Petani Di Desa Gelgel Kabupaten Klungkung

WICAKSANA: Jurnal Lingkungan dan Pembangunan ◽

10.22225/wicaksana.4.2.2676.21-30 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 21-30

Author(s):

Putu indah Budi apsari ◽

Ni Wayan Winianti ◽

Heny Arwati ◽

Yoes Prijatna Dachlan

Keyword(s):

Informed Consent ◽

Mixed Infection ◽

Helminth Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Single Infection ◽

Moist Soil ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Intensity Of Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stool Samples

Soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections is kind of helminth infection which transmitted by contact with warm and moist soil especially affect the farmer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the profile of STH infection and the intensity of STH infection among farmers in Gelgel Village, Klungkung, Bali. The cross sectional study was conducted in Gelgel Village, Klungkung District, Bali and obtained stool and quitionaires from farmers by informed consent. Kato-Katz technique was used to diagnose the STH infection and to determine the intensity of infection based on the number of eggs per gram feces (EPG). Total 162 stool samples were collected from farmers aged 25-80 years, 22 farmers was positive of STH infection and 140 farmers was negative of STH infection. The result showed prevalence of STH infection was 13,5%, single infection of A. lumbricoides was 1.85%, 9.26% of T. trichiura single infection, and 0.61% of Hookworm single infection. The mixed infection was detected that were 1.23% of A. lumbricoides with T. trichiura, and 0.61% of A. lumbricoides with Hookworm. STH infection is the health problem among farmer. The farmer must be admitted antihelminthic drugs for preventing and eleminating STH infection.

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Norovirus genogroup correlation with acute diarrhea severity in Indonesian pediatric patients aged 1-60 months: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.21069.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 2130

Author(s):

Alpha Fardah Athiyyah ◽

Katsumi Shigemura ◽

Koichi Kitagawa ◽

Nazara Agustina ◽

Andy Darma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Diarrhea ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severe Diarrhea ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Norovirus Gii ◽

Mild Diarrhea

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between norovirus genogroup and severity of acute diarrhea in pediatric patients at the Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 31 participants aged 1-60 months admitted to the hospital with acute diarrhea from April 2012 to March 2013. Norovirus genogroups (GI and II) were identified from patient stool using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Severity was measured using the Ruuska and Vesikari scoring system. Results: In total, 91 stool samples were obtained, of which 31 (19%) were norovirus positive. Norovirus GI was found in one sample with mild diarrhea. Norovirus GII was found in 30 samples (96.8%); one sample with mild diarrhea (3.3%), 20 samples with moderate diarrhea (66.7%), and nine samples with severe diarrhea (30%). Conclusion: Norovirus GII was the most prevalent cause of acute diarrhea and 30% of the cases manifested as severe diarrhea.

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Human Taeniasis and Cysticercosis and Related Factors in Phu Tho Province, Northern Vietnam

The Korean Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 369-376

Author(s):

Vu Thi Lam Binh ◽

Do Trung Dung ◽

Hoang Quang Vinh ◽

Van Hul Anke ◽

Praet Nicolas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Raw Meat ◽

Northern Vietnam ◽

Circulating Antigens ◽

Stool Samples

Several factors presumed to facilitate the transmission of Taenia spp. were reported in Vietnam. We conducted a cross-sectional study taking questionnaires from 1,185 participants, and collecting 1,151 sera and 1,036 stool samples in northern Vietnam. Sera were examined for circulating antigens of Taenia solium cysticerci using ELISA, stools for Taenia eggs by Kato-Katz smear, and copro-antigens by ELISA. Ag-ELISA revealed 4.6% antigen positivity, indicating infection with viable cysticerci. Taenia eggs were detected in 1.5% of participants. Copro-antigens were found in 2.8% of participants. Eating raw meat and/or vegetables was significantly associated with the presence of copro-antigen (OR=8.6, 95% CI: 1.16-63.9, P=0.01). Considering the high taeniasis prevalence and the associated threat, public health attention should be given to treat the tapeworm carriers in the projected areas.

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Intestinal Parasitic Infestation in Children at Three Kindergartens in Medan, North Sumatera

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi32.11-12.1992.312-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (11-12) ◽

pp. 312-7

Author(s):

Erliana Malik Miraza ◽

Abdul Gani ◽

Mardiana Karim Dj. ◽

Iskandar Z. Lubis ◽

Chairuddin P. Lubis

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Trichuris Trichiura ◽

Parasitic Infestation ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

A descriptive cross sectional study on intestinal parasitic infestation was earned out among children of three kindergartens (Methodist, Dharma Wanita and Aisyiah) in Medan. Of 162 samples of feces examined mixed infestations with Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura was found in 14,25%, single infestations of Trichuris trichiuria in 14,2%, AScaris lumbricoides in 13,0%, H. nana in 1,2% and G. Iamblia in 0,6%. Hookworm infestation was not found among preschool children in all of those three kindergartens.

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Intestinal Helminth Infections, Compliance and Effectiveness of Albendazole Treatment among CDC Workers (18-45 Years) in Tiko, South-West Region, Cameroon

Archives of Current Research International ◽

10.9734/acri/2020/v20i330181 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 26-33

Author(s):

Judith Lum Ndamukong-Nyanga ◽

Dioh Njanakea Owah ◽

Nyanga Bernard Yunga ◽

Desdemona Njabi Nji ◽

Changsen Jacqueline

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Development Cooperation ◽

Intestinal Helminth ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Helminth Infections ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stool Samples

Intestinal helminthes infections are among the most prevalent of chronic human infections worldwide. These infections are common among people who work under very poor conditions most of the time without protective hand gloves, shoes and uniforms in the field. A cross-sectional study was done to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminthes among Cameroon Development Cooperation (CDC) workers and their compliance to anti-helminthic treatement form November 2017 to April 2018. It involved 102 workers aged18-45 years attending CDC cottage Hospital in Tiko. A cross-sectional study was done in which demographic data and data related to predisposing factors and preventive measures was collected using a simplified questionnaire, stool samples were collected pre and post treatement. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of stool samples was carried out in the hospital laboratory. Out of 102 people, a total of 81 (79.4%) people were infected with one or more species of intestitinal helminthes and there was significant difference in the infection with respect to various helminthes species (0.004). Among the 81 infected cases, 58(71.6%) were infected with single helminth species and 23 (28.4%) were infected with more than one species (coinfection). Intestinal helminths varied significantly among the participants with prevalences of 24.5% for T. trichuris, 6,9% for Hookworm, 0.9% for S. japanicum, 24.5% for S. haematobium, 34.3% for A. lumbricoides and 7.8% for S. mansoni (P<0.004). Out of the 40 participants who took the drug (albendazole), 32 (80%) came for retesting and disappointedly, 8 (20.00%) of the treated participants did not come. A majority of the 32 people retested were negative (28, 87.5%) for all species of intestinal helminth parasites, 4 (12.5%) still tested positive for the parasite presence in their stool among which 2 had schistosoma haematobium, one had schistosoma mansoni and one had Ascaris lumbricoides. Workers were recommended to wear protective hand gloves, and proper working shoes in line with their work description.

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Comparison of direct wet mount, Kato–Katz and formol ether sedimentation technique for the diagnosis of hookworm infection in Debre Elias Woreda, Northwest Ethiopia

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1177/0049475520975936 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 004947552097593

Author(s):

Yibeltal Aschale ◽

Ligabaw Worku ◽

Ayenew Addisu ◽

Mekuannint Alemu ◽

Abebe Alemu

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Hookworm Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gold Standard Method ◽

Sedimentation Technique ◽

Wet Mount ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Low Sensitivity ◽

Study Participants

Hookworm infection is a neglected parasitic disease. Direct wet mount is the usual method for the diagnosis of hookworm in Ethiopia, but its sensitivity is unsatisfactory. A cross-sectional study was therefore conducted from January to February 2018 among 192 study participants in Debre Elias district. Stool samples were processed by three methods: the prevalence of hookworm was 77.6%, 68.2% and 49.0% by Kato–Katz, formol ether sedimentation technique and direct wet mount, respectively. Direct wet mount had relatively low sensitivity (61.4%) compared to formol ether sedimentation technique (85.6%) and Kato–Katz (97.4%). The latter two compared well with the gold standard method with kappa values of κ = 0.94, κ = 0.71 and κ = 0.39, respectively, and are therefore recommended over against the direct wet mount technique in detecting hookworm.

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