scholarly journals Gambaran Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth Pada Petani Di Desa Gelgel Kabupaten Klungkung

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Putu indah Budi apsari ◽  
Ni Wayan Winianti ◽  
Heny Arwati ◽  
Yoes Prijatna Dachlan
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stool Samples

Soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections is kind of helminth infection which transmitted by contact with warm and moist soil especially affect the farmer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the profile of STH infection and the intensity of STH infection among farmers in Gelgel Village, Klungkung, Bali. The cross sectional study was conducted in Gelgel Village, Klungkung District, Bali and obtained stool and quitionaires from farmers by informed consent. Kato-Katz technique was used to diagnose the STH infection and to determine the intensity of infection based on the number of eggs per gram feces (EPG). Total 162 stool samples were collected from farmers aged 25-80 years, 22 farmers was positive of STH infection and 140 farmers was negative of STH infection. The result showed prevalence of STH infection was 13,5%, single infection of A. lumbricoides was 1.85%, 9.26% of T. trichiura single infection, and 0.61% of Hookworm single infection. The mixed infection was detected that were 1.23% of  A. lumbricoides with T. trichiura, and 0.61% of A. lumbricoides  with Hookworm. STH infection is the health problem among farmer. The farmer must be admitted antihelminthic drugs for preventing and eleminating STH infection.

scholarly journals A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON FASCIOLA GIGANTICA AND GIGANTOCOTYLE EXPLANATUM BURDENS IN NATURALLY INFECTED BUFFALOES IN BANGLADESH

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Alim ◽  
MK Islam ◽  
MMH Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
The Body ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

A cross sectional study on Fasciola gigantica and Gigantocotyle explanatum burdens in buffaloes in relation to their age, sex and health condition was carried out in the Laboratory of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from June to November 1997. A total of 460 faecal samples were examined to determine the egg per gram of faeces (epg) of F. gigantica. Higher epg was counted in female buffaloes (159.67 ± 6.80) than in males (153.24 ± 8.29). The epg counts were also found significantly (p < 0.01) higher in poor conditioned buffaloes (164.41 ± 6.67) than in buffaloes with normal health (128.57 ± 7.08). In relation to age, the young adult buffaloes were found to bear more parasitic burdens. The highest mean epg was recorded in the buffaloes of 2-3 years old (184.21 ± 19.14), followed by 3-5 years old (169.23 ± 30.77). The older buffaloes had relatively lower parasitic burden and the lowest mean epg was recorded in the growing buffaloes of up to 1 year old (125 ± 25.0). Examination of 106 livers from slaughtered buffaloes, revealed that the load of Fasciola gigantica and Gigantocotyle explanatum in the livers ranged from 13-424 (69.20 ± 6.46) and 41-427 (161.45 ± 10.79) respectively. In males the burden of F. gigantica (13-210) was lower than that of the females (15-424). The mean number of F. gigantica in the buffaloes of 5- 10 years old (100 ± 15.32) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those of the buffaloes of above 10 years old (52.92 ± 4.29). In case of single infection with F. gigantica, the mean number of parasites per liver was significantly (p < 0.05) higher (88.70 ± 11.48) than that of mixed infection cases (49.74 ± 4.20). Significantly (p < 0.01) higher number of G. explanatum was recovered from the buffaloes of 5-10 years old (207.53 ± 26.72) than from the buffaloes of above 10 years old (141.58 ± 9.23) and from single infected cases than from buffaloes with mixed infection. There were almost no differences in the number of both flukes in relation to sex of buffaloes. The length and breadth of immature and mature parasites were 5-15 min x 2-3 min and 16-72 mm x 4-14 mm respectively. No significant variation was found in the average size of F. gigantica in relation to the age and sex of buffaloes. But in case of single infection, the body size of mature F. gigantica (38.63 mm ± 0.38 mm x 9.96 mm ± 0.12 mm) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of the mixed infection (33.68 mm ± 0.52 mm x 8.76 mm ± 0.07 mm) cases. This study fairly suggests that the young adult buffaloes harbour more F. gigantica parasites than their younger and older counterparts. The concomitant infection of buffaloes with F. gigantica and G. explanatum may hamper the parasites each other in establishing their infection and attaining growth in some way as measured by their burdens and morphological dimensions.

scholarly journals Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part III): Healthcare Professionals, Times and Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3359
Author(s):  
Desirée Mena-Tudela ◽  
Susana Iglesias-Casás ◽  
Víctor Manuel González-Chordá ◽  
María Jesús Valero-Chillerón ◽  
Laura Andreu-Pejó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Obstetric Violence

Background: Obstetric violence is a worldwide public health problem, which seems greater in Spain. As no studies were found that identify the most representative healthcare professionals, times, and areas involved in obstetric violence, the objective of this work was to study at what time of maternity, with which professionals, and in what areas women identified obstetric violence. Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was performed from January 2018 to June 2019. The main variables were the area (hospital, primary care, both), the time (pregnancy, birth, puerperium), and the professionals attending to women. Results: Our sample comprised 17,541 participants. The area identified with the most obstetric violence for the different studied variables was hospitals. Women identified more obstetric violence at time of birth. Findings such as lack of information and informed consent (74.2%), and criticism of infantile behavior and treatment (87.6%), stood out. The main identified healthcare professionals were midwives and gynecologists, and “other” professionals repeatedly appeared. Conclusions: Having identified the professionals, times, and areas of most obstetric violence in Spain, it seems necessary to reflect on not only the Spanish National Health System’s structure and management but also on healthcare professionals’ training.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiome Composition Remains Stable in Individuals with Diabetes-Related Early to Late Stage Chronic Kidney Disease

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ashani Lecamwasam ◽  
Tiffanie M. Nelson ◽  
Leni Rivera ◽  
Elif I. Ekinci ◽  
Richard Saffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Late Stages

(1) Background: Individuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease display gut dysbiosis when compared to healthy controls. However, it is unknown whether there is a change in dysbiosis across the stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease. We investigated a cross-sectional study of patients with early and late diabetes associated chronic kidney disease to identify possible microbial differences between these two groups and across each of the stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 95 adults. DNA extracted from collected stool samples were used for 16S rRNA sequencing to identify the bacterial community in the gut. (3) Results: The phylum Firmicutes was the most abundant and its mean relative abundance was similar in the early and late chronic kidney disease group, 45.99 ± 0.58% and 49.39 ± 0.55%, respectively. The mean relative abundance for family Bacteroidaceae, was also similar in the early and late group, 29.15 ± 2.02% and 29.16 ± 1.70%, respectively. The lower abundance of Prevotellaceae remained similar across both the early 3.87 ± 1.66% and late 3.36 ± 0.98% diabetic chronic kidney disease groups. (4) Conclusions: The data arising from our cohort of individuals with diabetes associated chronic kidney disease show a predominance of phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The families Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidaceae represent the highest abundance, while the beneficial Prevotellaceae family were reduced in abundance. The most interesting observation is that the relative abundance of these gut microbes does not change across the early and late stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease, suggesting that this is an early event in the development of diabetes associated chronic kidney disease. We hypothesise that the dysbiotic microbiome acquired during the early stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease remains relatively stable and is only one of many risk factors that influence progressive kidney dysfunction.

scholarly journals Identification of Hookworm Species in Stool By Harada Mori Culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sazzad Bin Shahid ◽  
A Chowdhury ◽  
S M Shamsuzzaman ◽  
K Z Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Necator Americanus ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Hookworm Infections

This cross sectional study was done from January 2009 to June 2010 in Microbiology department of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka to identify hookworm species and to compare different laboratory methods for diagnosis of hookworm infections. Among the 375 stool samples evaluated, 26 (6.93%) samples were positive for hookworms. Ankylostoma duodenale were 3 (11.50%) and Necator americanus were 23 (88.50%). Harada Mori culture was found as the most effective method for detection of hookworms.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v4i2.10821 

scholarly journals CHOLERA OUTBREAK IN WASIT GOVERNORATE, IRAQ 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Health Directorate ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Program Version

Introduction: Cholera is a major public health ongoing problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries. The main objective of the current study was to assess the distribution of cholera in Wasit governorate during the 2017 epidemic. Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study. All patients were registered in health directorate records. The data collection lasted from 2nd of January 2018 till 28th February 2018 by formal registration for records of the directorate of Wasit health\ section of communicable diseases\ epidemiological surveillance unit. All registered cholera confirmed cases were included and frequency tables were done using SPSS program version 23. Results: The results showed that only (25) positive cases of cholera from (6175) total of stool samples taken from (20954) of acute diarrhoea recorded during 2017, and the highest percentage of cases (66.7%) were registered in September. The highest percentage of cases (32%) appear within the age category (>45) years while the lowest percentage was in under five years children(8%). Women constituted about (68%) of all cases. All cases were in Al-Suwaira health care district and all cases were of the type Inaba. All patients were recovered with no fatality. Even, the highest attack rate of cholera nationally and in Wasit was in 2015 outbreak. Conclusion: Cholera still one of the endemic diseases in Iraq that caused an outbreak at different times. Although, it still under control and need further work for special situations where the infection most likely distributed.

Immunological and molecular detection of rotavirus genotype in calves with gastroenteritis in Diyala-Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-013
Author(s):  
Ammar Talib Nasser ◽  
Abdulrazak Shafiq Hasan ◽  
Amer Khazaal Saleh ◽  
Mohammad Kassem Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Age Range

Aim: To explore the prevalence of rotavirus infection along with the molecular detection and genotyping of group A rotavirus (RVA) among bovine calves up to 5 months old in Diyala province-Iraq. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in Diyala province-Iraq during the period of 2019-2020. One hundred bovine calves with age range of 1-5 months were included in the study. All were suffering acute gastroenteritis. Serum anti-rotavirus IgM and IgG plus fecal rotavirus Ag were tested for using ELISA techniques. Stool samples positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for G and P genes, followed by sequencing and genotyping thereafter. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25 and P values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The positivity rate of anti-rotavirus IgM was 80% (P = 0.0001), and that of anti-rotavirus IgG was 79% (P = 0.0001). The rotavirus stool antigen was detected in 68% of calves (P = 0.01). A total of 45 stool samples which were positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for RT-PCR; 13 (28.9%) were positive and 32 (71.1%) were negative (P = 0.084). 10 PCR positive samples were used for sequencing and genotyping and indicated that all investigated strains belonged to G1P[8] genotype. Conclusion: The current strains analyzed belonged to the G1P[8] RVA genotypes, affirming that employment of VP7 gene polymorphism accurately yielded uniform phylogenetic distances amongst investigated rotavirus strains and that there were no noticeable assortment events between human and animal rotavirus strains in Diyala province.

scholarly journals Cross sectional study of bovine and avian tuberculosis in Bangladesh Livestock Reasearch Institute (BLRI) cattle farm

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-356
Author(s):  
Prokash Biswas ◽  
Md Bahanur Rahman ◽  
Sayra Tasnin Sharmy ◽  
Md Ferdousur Rahman Khan ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Breed

The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bovine and avian tuberculosis in cattle by using bovine and avian PPDs at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) Cattle Farm, Savar, Dhaka. Cattle of different breeds, ages and sexes (n=183) were tested using bovine and avian PPDs. In caudal Fold Tuberculin (CFT) test, 16 (8.74%) cases were showed positive reaction among 183 sample. The overall percentages of positive reactors to Comparative cervical tuberculin (CCT) test of bovine and avian tuberculosis were 7.10% and 1.64% respectively. An insignificant variation (P>0.05) on prevalence of bovine tuberculosis on different age group of cattle was observed. Age group >7 years showed a higher prevalence (10.91%) than those of other age groups. In CCT test, 7.55% and 4.17% positive reactors were found in female and male cattle respectively. The association between different breeds of the animal was found significant (P<0.05). The local breed showed higher prevalence (9.77%) than those of Red Chittagong and cross breed. The highest percentage (10.45%) of positive reactors in CCT test was recorded in milking cows than in dry cows (2.32%), heifer (9.52%) and calf (5.77%) were observed. Mixed infection (bovine and avian type of tuberculosis) was recorded 1.64%.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 352-356

Informed consent practices by junior medical officers: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Nicholas W. S. Smith ◽  
Joseph Overland ◽  
Marcus Wagstaff
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Norovirus genogroup correlation with acute diarrhea severity in Indonesian pediatric patients aged 1-60 months: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2130
Author(s):  
Alpha Fardah Athiyyah ◽  
Katsumi Shigemura ◽  
Koichi Kitagawa ◽  
Nazara Agustina ◽  
Andy Darma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Diarrhea ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Norovirus Gii ◽  
Mild Diarrhea

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between norovirus genogroup and severity of acute diarrhea in pediatric patients at the Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 31 participants aged 1-60 months admitted to the hospital with acute diarrhea from April 2012 to March 2013. Norovirus genogroups (GI and II) were identified from patient stool using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Severity was measured using the Ruuska and Vesikari scoring system. Results: In total, 91 stool samples were obtained, of which 31 (19%) were norovirus positive. Norovirus GI was found in one sample with mild diarrhea. Norovirus GII was found in 30 samples (96.8%); one sample with mild diarrhea (3.3%), 20 samples with moderate diarrhea (66.7%), and nine samples with severe diarrhea (30%). Conclusion: Norovirus GII was the most prevalent cause of acute diarrhea and 30% of the cases manifested as severe diarrhea.

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