scholarly journals Rhizogénèse de bourgeons apicaux de boutures de vigne cultivées in vitro

OENO One ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Serge Grenan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Technical Difficulty ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Medium ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Vitis Rupestris ◽  
Petite Taille ◽  
Vegetative Multiplication

<p style="text-align: justify;">La multiplication végétative de la vigne cultivée <em>in vitro</em> à partir de boutures à un œil ayant 1 cm de longueur ne présente aucune difficulté technique. Par contre la propagation d'implants de plus petite taille s'avère délicate et aléatoire. Or l'élimination durable de virus thermorésistants nécessite le prélèvement (à la fin du thermotraitement) de très petites parties terminales de tiges.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Des « boutures apicales » de 2 à 5 mm de longueur de <em>Vitis Vinifera</em> variété Grenache N, et de <em>Vitis Rupestris</em>, variété Lot ont été mises en culture sur un milieu de base additionné de diverses substances de croissance. L'AIA à la concentration 10-<sup>7</sup>M s'est révélé le régulateur favorisant le mieux la rhizogénèse des « boutures apicales ». Le transfert des « boutures apicales » enracinées sur le milieu de référence facilite leur croissance.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Vegetative multiplication of vine grown <em>in vitro</em> from one-eyed-cuttings one centimeter long, does not present any technical difficulty. On the other hand, propagation of smaller implants is difficult and (random). The trouble is durable elimination of thermoresistant virus needs picking up (at the end of heat treatment) very small shoot tips.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Apical cuttings of <em>Vitis Vinifera</em>, var. Grenache N. and of <em>Vitis Rupestris</em>, var. Lot two or five millimeters long are grown on a standard medium in which different growing substances are added. AIA at the concentration of 10-<sup>7</sup>M increases the best rhizogenesis of apical cuttings. The transfer of rooted cuttings upon the standard medium makes their growth easier.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative study of juvenility resulting from in vitro propagated Vitis vinifera L., cv. Albariño vines when subjected to different pruning systems

OENO One ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
María-Carmen Martínez ◽  
José Luis González Mantilla
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigmentation ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
First Case ◽  
Vegetative Cycle ◽  
High Level

<p style="text-align: justify;">Plants of <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L., cv. Albariño propagated <em>in vitro</em> were planted on their own roots and subjected to three different pruning systems, one at high level (Crosstree cordon system), one at middle level (Sylvoz system) and one at low level (Royat cordon system). Ampelographic and ampelometric characters were studied in different organs of these vines at several periods of the vegetative cycle during the 4th and 5th year.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">ln the 4th year, although the vines from the Crosstree cordon system were slightly different, all of them showed very similar characteristics, such as: leaves with deep lateral sinuses, anthocyanin pigmentation of buds, and of the dorsal face of the nodes and internodes, presence of erect hairs on the young and adult leaves and, above all, on the margin of the dentation. These features were less noticeable in leaves on the Crosstree cordon system. Flowering during the 4th year was limited resulting in the production of a low number of small grape clusters. In the high cordon system, the level of f1owering was slightly better.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">During the 5th year, a very marked difference was observed between the vines subjected to the Crosstree high cordon pruning system and those subjected to the other two systems. In the first case, the leaves show an almost total absence of erect hairs and lateral sinuses, and the number and the size of grape clusters increase significantly. The vines from Sylvoz and cordon Royat continued practically to appear the same as the previous year and flowering continued to be almost absent.</p>

A Study on the Interface between Oxide Film on the Titanium Surface and Bone Tissue

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 545-548
Author(s):  
Li Ping Wang ◽  
Bang Cheng Yang ◽  
Ji Yong Chen ◽  
Xing Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Oxide Film ◽  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Titanium Oxide Film ◽  
Heat Treated

The bioactivities of titanium oxide film on titanium surface received from different chemical treatment methods were studied in SBF in vitro and mechanically and histologically investigated in vivo. Three groups of titanium specimens were prepared: untreated titanium(S), acid-alkali treated titanium (H), and acid-alkali and heat-treated titanium(X). The oxide film of X surface resulted in more apatite formation and significantly higher strength of the interface between the samples and bone than those of the other titanium groups. The surface of the acid-alkali treated titanium and that further treated by heat treatment had higher bioactivity and stronger bone-bonding ability.

STUDIES ON LAL INHIBITORY REACTION BY HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN AND ATIII PRODUCT

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Homma ◽  
Y Miura
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Security Test

Test for pyrogenicity in human blood products using rabbit has been authorized as one of the security test, but LAL ( Limu-lus Amebocyte Lysate ) test has not been approved in Japan. We have studied the problem by using the in vitro LAL test ( endotoxin test ) for the rabbit pyrogen test of blood products expecially human serum albumin ( commercial HSA and PPF ) or ATIII products. It is well known that the LAL inhibitory reaction has been detected, although slightly, in most human serum albumin products, and therefore, the factors participating in this inhibition were investigated using commercial HSA and PPF products, and also preparations without heating in their production process. ATIII activity was assayed by two methods clotting and chromogenic substrate method: the LAL activity was assayed by gelation method ( Toxinometer, Wako-Junyaku Kogyo Co.). We found that the LAL activity in lion-heated PPF preparation ( NHPPF ) was determined to be significantly lower than heated PPF preparation ( PPF product ) from one manufactuerer, but not from others. The ATIII activity of this particular NHPPF was extremely high as compared with the other PPF. Addition of ATIII to the PPF caused a significant decrease of the LAL activity in reciprocal proportion to its increase. The LAL inhibitory activity and ATIII activity of the NHPPF were inactivated by heating at 60° C for 2.5 hrs. We also found that ATIII products from the two manufactuerers possessed remarkable LAL inhibitory activity which also induced a decrease by heat treatment at 56° C for 30 min. The ATIII activity was considered to be one of LAL inhibitory factors from the corelation between LAL reactivity and ATIII activity.

scholarly journals The effect of processing treatments on the rumen microbial digestion in vitro of skimmilk powder protein

1978 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Eeva-Liisa Syväoja ◽  
Matti Kreula
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Barley Flour ◽  
Flour Protein ◽  
Formaldehyde Treatment

The microbial degradation of the protein of skimmilk powders manufactured and treated in different ways (high-, medium-, and low-heat spray, instant, roller, formaldehyde-treated spray) and milk powder products (skimmilk powder-wheat flour granules, skimmilk powder-barley flour pellets) was determined in anaerobic, rumen simulating conditions in vitro. The tests showed that milk protein was decomposed rapidly and extensively in rumen fluid buffer. The heat treatment had a slight N solubility-reducing effect. Formaldehyde treatment decreased the degradation of the protein at the beginning of the incubation, but this effect became smaller as incubation proceeded. After 48 h the N solubility of the treated skimmilk powder was about the same as that of untreated spray powder. The variation in the in vitro N solubility of formaldehyde-treated skimmilk powder was greater than with the other powders and products. The skimmilk powder-wheat flour granules were hard products which remained indigestible for several hours. At the end of the microbial digestion test the addition of skimmilk powder increased the N solubility of wheat flour protein. On the basis of the results obtained from the digestion test on a pelleted skimmilk powder-barley flour product it can be assumed also that the addition of skimmilk powder caused an increase in the N solubility of barley flour protein.

Enhancement of ADP-induced Platelet Aggregation by Adrenaline in Vivo and Its Prevention

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Itsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Tadahiro Sano ◽  
Takio Shimamoto
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
Important Interaction ◽  
Blood Coagulability ◽  
The Difference

SummaryThe authors previously reported a transient decrease in adhesive platelet count and an enhancement of blood coagulability after administration of a small amount of adrenaline (0.1-1 µg per Kg, i. v.) in man and rabbit. In such circumstances, the sensitivity of platelets to aggregation induced by ADP was studied by an optical density method. Five minutes after i. v. injection of 1 µg per Kg of adrenaline in 10 rabbits, intensity of platelet aggregation increased to 115.1 ± 4.9% (mean ± S. E.) by 10∼5 molar, 121.8 ± 7.8% by 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before the injection by 10”6 molar ADP. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01-0.05). The above change was not observed in each group of rabbits injected with saline, 1 µg per Kg of 1-noradrenaline or 0.1 and 10 µg per Kg of adrenaline. Also, it was prevented by oral administration of 10 mg per Kg of phenoxybenzamine or propranolol or aspirin or pyridinolcarbamate 3 hours before the challenge. On the other hand, the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not observed in vitro, when 10-5 or 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before 10∼6 molar ADP was added to citrated platelet rich plasma (CPRP) of rabbit after incubation at 37°C for 30 second with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 µg per ml of adrenaline or noradrenaline. These results suggest an important interaction between endothelial surface and platelets in connection with the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by adrenaline in vivo.

“In vitro” and in Animal Model Studies on a Double Virus- Inactivated Factor VIII Concentrate

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (03) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Arrighi ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
Maria Giuseppina Borri ◽  
Vladimir Lesnikov ◽  
Marina Lesnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Virus Inactivation ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Heat Treated

SummaryTo improve the safety of plasma derived factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate, we introduced a final super heat treatment (100° C for 30 min) as additional virus inactivation step applied to a lyophilized, highly purified FVIII concentrate (100 IU/mg of proteins) already virus inactivated using the solvent/detergent (SID) method during the manufacturing process.The efficiency of the super heat treatment was demonstrated in inactivating two non-lipid enveloped viruses (Hepatitis A virus and Poliovirus 1). The loss of FVIII procoagulant activity during the super heat treatment was of about 15%, estimated both by clotting and chromogenic assays. No substantial changes were observed in physical, biochemical and immunological characteristics of the heat treated FVIII concentrate in comparison with those of the FVIII before heat treatment.

ALDOSTERONE STIMULATION IN VITRO

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürg Müller
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Urine Extract ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Aldosterone Production

ABSTRACT An extract of human urine, which was previously shown to stimulate aldosterone production by rat adrenal sections, was further purified. Evidence was obtained that its aldosterone-stimulating effect was due to the presence of ammonium ions. Addition of ammonium chloride and of urine extract to the incubation medium caused identical increases in aldosterone production in vitro. In addition to ammonium ions, rubidium and caesium ions also stimulated aldosterone production up to 250% that of control values without a significant effect on corticosterone production. Similar dose-response curves were obtained when increasing concentrations of potassium, ammonium, rubidium and caesium ions were tested. Aldosterone production was maximal at concentrations of 7 mval/1 and was significantly lower at higher concentrations. When ammonium chloride and ACTH were simultaneously added to the incubation medium, the production of aldosterone and of corticosterone was lower than with ACTH alone. On the other hand, the stimulating activity on aldosterone and corticosterone production by »TPN« (NADP) and glucose-6-phosphate was enhanced by the simultaneous addition of ammonium chloride.

EFFECT OF ACTINOMYCIN D ON TSH-INDUCED STIMULATION OF THYROIDAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN THE RAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Wägar
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leucine Incorporation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Translational Level ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Whether the short-term regulation of thyroidal protein synthesis by TSH occurs at the transcriptional or the translational level was tested by measuring the effect of actinomycin D (act D) on the TSH-induced stimulation of L-14C-leucine incorporation into the thyroidal proteins of rats. TSH was injected 6 h before the rats were killed. The thyroid glands were then removed and incubated in vitro in the presence of L-14C-leucine for 2 h. The pronounced stimulation of leucine incorporation in the TSH-treated animals was depressed as compared with controls but still significant even when the animals had been pre-treated with 100 μg act D 24 and 7 h before sacrifice. On the other hand, act D strongly decreased incorporation of 3H-uridine into RNA. Short-term regulation of thyroidal protein synthesis by TSH appears to be partly but not wholly dependent on neosynthesis of RNA. Hence regulation may partly occur at the translation level of protein synthesis.

Effect of C6-Volatiles on Bioluminescent Plant Pathogens

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 557d-557
Author(s):  
Jennifer Warr ◽  
Fenny Dane ◽  
Bob Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Low Concentrations

C6 volatile compounds are known to be produced by the plant upon pathogen attack or other stress-related events. The biological activity of many of these substances is poorly understood, but some might produce signal molecules important in host–pathogen interactions. In this research we explored the possibility that lipid-derived C6 volatiles have a direct effect on bacterial plant pathogens. To this purpose we used a unique tool, a bacterium genetically engineered to bioluminesce. Light-producing genes from a fish-associated bacterium were introduced into Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, enabling nondestructive detection of bacteria in vitro and in the plant with special computer-assisted camera equipment. The effects of different C6 volatiles (trans-2 hexanal, trans-2 hexen-1-ol and cis-3 hexenol) on growth of bioluminescent Xanthomonas campestris were investigated. Different volatile concentrations were used. Treatment with trans-2 hexanal appeared bactericidal at low concentrations (1% and 10%), while treatments with the other volatiles were not inhibitive to bacterial growth. The implications of these results with respect to practical use of trans-2 hexanal in pathogen susceptible and resistant plants will be discussed.

Oxytocin analogues with non-coded amino acid residues in position 8: [8-Neopentylglycine]oxytocin and [8-cycloleucine]oxytocin

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2317-2325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hlaváček ◽  
Jan Pospíšek ◽  
Jiřina Slaninová ◽  
Walter Y. Chan ◽  
Victor J. Hruby
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Solid Phase Synthesis ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Phase Synthesis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fragment Condensation

[8-Neopentylglycine]oxytocin (II) and [8-cycloleucine]oxytocin (III) were prepared by a combination of solid-phase synthesis and fragment condensation. Both analogues exhibited decreased uterotonic potency in vitro, each being about 15-30% that of oxytocin. Analogue II also displayed similarly decreased uterotonic potency in vivo and galactogogic potency. On the other hand, analogue III exhibited almost the same potency as oxytocin in the uterotonic assay in vivo and in the galactogogic assay.

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