scholarly journals Disease resistant grapevine varieties and quality: the case of Bouquet varieties

OENO One ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel SALMON ◽  
Hernan OJEDA ◽  
Jean-Louis ESCUDIER
Keyword(s):  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Chromosomal Locus ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Financial Framework ◽  
High Level ◽  
Grape Juices ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia

The disease resistant grapevine varieties (ref A. Bouquet) were obtained by INRA from 4 or 5 generations of backcrossing between Muscadinia rotundifolia and Vitis vinifera and exhibit a high level of resistance against downy and powdery mildew. These varieties carry the resistance genes RUN 1 and RPV1, with several other secondary genes at one chromosomal locus. Agronomic criteria were studied for all these selections. Among the selected grapevine species, some have high levels of polyphenols. Some (white and red) have a high aromatic potential, while others have low sugar contents (135 g/L to 150 g/L) and adapted sugar/acidity ratio. All these characteristics were combined to design a new set of vine cultivars dedicated to the production of either low-alcohol wines, grape juices, or classical wines. Since 2012, within a France Agrimer/CIVL/INRA financial framework, 10 plots (0.5 ha each) were planted at INRA Pech Rouge with 8 resistant grape varieties (ref A. Bouquet) in order to examine long-term resistance to diseases and to define quality criteria for the classification of the wines obtained from these new grape varieties.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION LEVEL OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND TRENDS OF IT CHANGES IN THE CITIES OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yatsenko ◽  
O. Shevchenko ◽  
S. Snizhko
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Method Of Least Squares ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
High Level

The purpose of the work is to study the current level and the main trends of atmospheric air pollution of the cities of Ukraine with nitrogen dioxide to identify the most polluted cities, their ranking to determine the list of cities for the priority implementation of environmental measures. For the purpose of the study, the information of the Central Geophysical Observatory on the average annual concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in the air of 51 cities of Ukraine for the period 1998-2015 was used. The study used the classical methods of applied mathematical statistics (estimation of statistical parameters of distribution of concentrations, construction of time trends on the method of least squares, graphical methods of visualization of levels of air pollution), which were implemented using the available programs "MS-Excell" and "Statistica-8.0". The classification of cities according to the level of MPC exceeds average annual concentrations of nitrogen dioxide. 3 groups of cities were allocated: 1 group (21 cities) permissible level of pollution (<1 MPC); 2 group (27 cities) – increased level of pollution (1-2 MPC); group 3 (3 cities) – high level of pollution (2-3 MPC). It has been established that in the air of 21 cities (41% of all cities where nitrogen dioxide is monitored in the atmosphere) of 51 cities, there is an acceptable level of air pollution. In the remaining cities (59%) – there is a stable excess of MPC. In 23 cities, even the minimum concentrations of NO2 exceed the permissible standards. The study of long-term dynamics of nitrogen dioxide in air has shown that the increase of concentrations of this pollutant for 1998-2015 is observed in 28 cities (55%) of 51. The most significant increase in concentrations in the air occurred in Kherson, Lutsk, Donetsk and Gorishni Plavni. In 13 cities reduction of concentrations was recorded, and in 10 cities the content of this pollutant in the air practically does not change.

scholarly journals Intelligent control based on ergatic systems in conditions of incomplete and fuzzy information

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (2) ◽  
pp. 022101
Author(s):  
E Prokopenko ◽  
B Martynov ◽  
I Magerramov ◽  
O Popov ◽  
D Fathki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Machine Component ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Management Quality ◽  
Hybrid Intelligence ◽  
Rational Alternative ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
High Level

Abstract The article deals with the management of human-machine (ergatic) systems in the conditions of digital transformation in relation to their functioning in the presence of NON-factors, such as: uncertainty, complexity, instability, ambiguity. Modern conditions for the formation of the digital economy imply the search and use of a new methodology in the organization of management activities, including the regional level. This process is carried out through the widespread use of human-machine systems with a high level of intellectualization of the machine component, the use of hybrid intelligence and the formation of bionts. We show a variant of classification of ergatic systems, focused on socio-economic systems. We propose a method for choosing a rational alternative to support the management of human-machine systems in the conditions of vagueness and ambiguity of the initial data and approaches to the management quality criteria. A fuzzy approach to a multi-criteria problem is proposed. It leads to a certain combination of fuzzy selection criteria, and to the study of complex systems as a hierarchical structure, with the representation of system elements and its qualitative properties as fuzzy mathematical models, the combination of which will give a mathematical model of the systems.

Vivid Imagers Are Better at Detecting Salient Changes

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Rodway ◽  
Karen Gillies ◽  
Astrid Schepman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Change Detection Task ◽  
Term Change ◽  
High Level

This study examined whether individual differences in the vividness of visual imagery influenced performance on a novel long-term change detection task. Participants were presented with a sequence of pictures, with each picture and its title displayed for 17  s, and then presented with changed or unchanged versions of those pictures and asked to detect whether the picture had been changed. Cuing the retrieval of the picture's image, by presenting the picture's title before the arrival of the changed picture, facilitated change detection accuracy. This suggests that the retrieval of the picture's representation immunizes it against overwriting by the arrival of the changed picture. The high and low vividness participants did not differ in overall levels of change detection accuracy. However, in replication of Gur and Hilgard (1975) , high vividness participants were significantly more accurate at detecting salient changes to pictures compared to low vividness participants. The results suggest that vivid images are not characterised by a high level of detail and that vivid imagery enhances memory for the salient aspects of a scene but not all of the details of a scene. Possible causes of this difference, and how they may lead to an understanding of individual differences in change detection, are considered.

MODERN PROBLEMATICS AND ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO DESTRUCTION OF INFORMATION ON MAGNETIC MEDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
O. Semenenko ◽  
O. Vodchyts ◽  
V. Koverga ◽  
R. Lukash ◽  
O. Lutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Physical Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

The introduction and active use of information transmission and storage systems in the Ministry of Defense (MoD) of Ukraine form the need to develop ways of guaranteed removal of data from media after their use or long-term storage. Such a task is an essential component of the functioning of any information security system. The article analyzes the problems of guaranteed destruction of information on magnetic media. An overview of approaches to the guaranteed destruction of information on magnetic media of different types is presented, and partial estimates of the effectiveness of their application are given by some generally accepted indicators of performance evaluation. The article also describes the classification of methods of destruction of information depending on the influence on its medium. The results of the analysis revealed the main problems of application of software methods and methods of demagnetization of the information carrier. The issue of guaranteed destruction of information from modern SSD devices, which are actively used in the formation of new systems of information accumulation and processing, became particularly relevant in the article. In today's conditions of development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, methods of mechanical and thermal destruction are more commonly used today. In the medium term, the vector of the use of information elimination methods will change towards the methods of physical impact by the pulsed magnetic field and the software methods that allow to store the information storage device, but this today requires specialists to develop new ways of protecting information in order to avoid its leakage.

Influence of internal and external risks on sustainability of financial system of Аltai krai

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
R. N. Ibragimov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of internal and external risks on the stability of the financial system of the Altai Territory. Classification of internal and external risks of decline, affecting the sustainable development of the financial system, is presented. A risk management strategy is proposed that will allow monitoring of risks, thereby these measures will help reduce the loss of financial stability and ensure the long-term development of the economy of the region.

scholarly journals Review on Perioperative and Oncological Outcomes of Robotic Gastrectomy for Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Giuliani ◽  
Francesco Guerra ◽  
Lorenzo De Franco ◽  
Lucia Salvischiani ◽  
Roberto Benigni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Radical Gastrectomy ◽  
Robotic Gastrectomy ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
High Level ◽  
Standard Laparoscopic Surgery

Background. Minimally invasive gastrectomy is currently considered a valid option to treat gastric cancer and is gaining increasing acceptance. Recent reports have suggested that the application of robots may confer some advantages over conventional laparoscopy, but the role of robotic surgery in clinical practice is still uncertain. We aimed to critically review the relevant evidence comparing robotic to standard laparoscopic surgery in performing radical gastrectomy. Methods. The Pubmed/Medline electronic databases were searched through February 2021. Paper conference and the English language was the only restriction applied to our search strategy. Results. According to the existing data, robotic gastrectomy seems to provide some benefits in terms of blood loss, rate of conversion, procedure-specific postoperative morbidity, and length of hospital stay. Robotic gastrectomy is also associated with a longer duration of surgery and a higher economic burden as compared to its laparoscopic counterpart. No significant differences have been disclosed in terms of long-term survivals, while the number of lymph nodes retrieved with robotic gastrectomy is generally higher than that of laparoscopy. Conclusions. The current literature suggests that robotic radical gastrectomy appears as competent as the conventional laparoscopic procedure and may provide some clinical advantages. However, due to the relative paucity of high-level evidence, it is not possible to draw definitive conclusions.

scholarly journals Semi-automated classification of colonial Microcystis by FlowCAM imaging flow cytometry in mesocosm experiment reveals high heterogeneity during seasonal bloom

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yersultan Mirasbekov ◽  
Adina Zhumakhanova ◽  
Almira Zhantuyakova ◽  
Kuanysh Sarkytbayev ◽  
Dmitry V. Malashenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Mesocosm Experiment ◽  
Imaging Flow Cytometry ◽  
Leibler Divergence ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
High Level ◽  
Training Sets

AbstractA machine learning approach was employed to detect and quantify Microcystis colonial morphospecies using FlowCAM-based imaging flow cytometry. The system was trained and tested using samples from a long-term mesocosm experiment (LMWE, Central Jutland, Denmark). The statistical validation of the classification approaches was performed using Hellinger distances, Bray–Curtis dissimilarity, and Kullback–Leibler divergence. The semi-automatic classification based on well-balanced training sets from Microcystis seasonal bloom provided a high level of intergeneric accuracy (96–100%) but relatively low intrageneric accuracy (67–78%). Our results provide a proof-of-concept of how machine learning approaches can be applied to analyze the colonial microalgae. This approach allowed to evaluate Microcystis seasonal bloom in individual mesocosms with high level of temporal and spatial resolution. The observation that some Microcystis morphotypes completely disappeared and re-appeared along the mesocosm experiment timeline supports the hypothesis of the main transition pathways of colonial Microcystis morphoforms. We demonstrated that significant changes in the training sets with colonial images required for accurate classification of Microcystis spp. from time points differed by only two weeks due to Microcystis high phenotypic heterogeneity during the bloom. We conclude that automatic methods not only allow a performance level of human taxonomist, and thus be a valuable time-saving tool in the routine-like identification of colonial phytoplankton taxa, but also can be applied to increase temporal and spatial resolution of the study.

scholarly journals Mapping of affordability levels for photovoltaic-based electricity generation in the solar belt of sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia and South Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Szabó ◽  
Irene Pinedo Pascua ◽  
Daniel Puig ◽  
Magda Moner-Girona ◽  
Mario Negre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So

AbstractLack of access to modern forms of energy hampers efforts to reduce poverty. The provision of electricity to off-grid communities is therefore a long-standing developmental goal. Yet, many off-grid electrification projects neglect mid- and long-term operation and maintenance costs. When this is the case, electricity services are unlikely to be affordable to the communities that are the project’s primary target. Here we show that, compared with diesel-powered electricity generation systems, solar photovoltaic systems are more affordable to no less than 36% of the unelectrified populations in East Asia, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. We do so by developing geo-referenced estimates of affordability at a high level of resolution (1 km2). The analysis illustrates the differences in affordability that may be found at the subnational level, which underscores that electrification investments should be informed by subnational data.

scholarly journals Long Term Interactions of Native and Invasive Species in a Marine Protected Area Suggest Complex Cascading Effects Challenging Conservation Outcomes

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Charalampos Dimitriadis ◽  
Ivoni Fournari-Konstantinidou ◽  
Laurent Sourbès ◽  
Drosos Koutsoubas ◽  
Stelios Katsanevakis
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Rocky Reef ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
High Level

Understanding the interactions among invasive species, native species and marine protected areas (MPAs), and the long-term regime shifts in MPAs is receiving increased attention, since biological invasions can alter the structure and functioning of the protected ecosystems and challenge conservation efforts. Here we found evidence of marked modifications in the rocky reef associated biota in a Mediterranean MPA from 2009 to 2019 through visual census surveys, due to the presence of invasive species altering the structure of the ecosystem and triggering complex cascading effects on the long term. Low levels of the populations of native high-level predators were accompanied by the population increase and high performance of both native and invasive fish herbivores. Subsequently the overgrazing and habitat degradation resulted in cascading effects towards the diminishing of the native and invasive invertebrate grazers and omnivorous benthic species. Our study represents a good showcase of how invasive species can coexist or exclude native biota and at the same time regulate or out-compete other established invaders and native species.

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