scholarly journals Cover crops in viticulture. A systematic review (2):Implications on vineyard agronomic performance

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Javier Abad ◽  
Irantzu Hermoso de Mendoza ◽  
Diana Marín ◽  
Luis Orcaray ◽  
Luis Gonzaga Santesteban
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
The Impact

The present systematic review aims to provide an overview of the impact of cover crops on vegetative growth and the productive parameters of vineyards.A systematic review was made on Scopus-index journals dating from 1999 to 2018. The selection was made at the same time by two different researchers, who selected a total of 272 published papers related to cover crops in vineyards. Each article was categorised according to its theme and a metadata database was created, considering all relevant information from an agronomic point of view for each article.It can be concluded from the review that the use of cover crops can reduce vine vegetative growth, which in turn can help keep the incidence of fungal diseases (like grey mould) at a low level. In general, this practice does not have a clear effect on vineyard yield or grape juice parameters, like total soluble solids (TSS) or titratable acidity (TA). Cover crops can decrease vineyard pests to a certain extent, especially Cicadellidae. Cover crops can sometimes sporadically cause water stress in the vineyard, but only during the summer months.This review allowed us to summarise available information on cover crops and their effects on vineyard agronomic performance in a systematic way. Such information can be used to help select the most suitable cover, based on specific vineyard objectives and growing conditions.

scholarly journals Fruit yield and composition in orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in response to nitrogen fertilization in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Brunetto ◽  
◽  
Cesar Cella ◽  
Alcione Miotto ◽  
Eduardo Girotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: Little is known about the impact of N fertilization on fruit production and composition in orange groves grown in soils with low or medium organic matter content in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This study aimed to evaluate how N fertilization of orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in a sandy soil may interfere in fruit yield and composition of fruit and juice. The experiment was conducted with orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' growing in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil, in Rosário do Sul (RS). The plants received applications of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160kg N ha-1. Total N in leaves, number of fruits per plant, yield, fresh weight, fruit diameter, peel thickness, percentage of fruit juice, peel color, juice color, ascorbic acid content, total soluble solids (TSS) and total titratable acidity were evaluated in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 crops. In the first crop, especially yield, number of fruits per plant, TSS content in fruit juice and ratio decreased with increasing N rate applied. However, in the second crop, the total titratable acidity of the fruit juice prominently increased with the dose of N applied. In both crops, results were highly influenced by rainfall distribution, which affect the plant physiology, soil N dynamics and, consequently, probability of response to N applied and the loss of mineral N in the soil.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ Cultivars Grafted onto Dwarf Rootstocks: a Preliminary Study in Eastern Anatolia

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil İbrahim OĞUZ ◽  
Teyar M. TAŞ ◽  
Ferhat MURADOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
First Year ◽  
A Value ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Dwarf Rootstocks

This study was carried out to determine the growth performance of ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ apple varieties, which are widley grown in Turkey, grafted to dwarf rootstocks within their initial two years under continental ecological conditions of the Van Region in East Anatolia. In the first year, the vegetative characters of the cultivars were measured, whereas the yield and the growth rate were both determined in the second year. The yields of ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ varieties were 2.38 and 3.88 kg, with average fruit weights of 173.71 g and 136.76 g, respectively. The concentrations of soluble solids, an important quality attribute, were 11.2% and 12.9% for ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’, respectively. Titratable acidity, which indicates the maturity of the fruit and specifies the market suitability, was found to be 0.37% in ‘Granny Smith’ and 0.52% in ‘Fuji’. Although some properties differed between these cultivars, the firmness of both cultivars was the same, with a value of 6.6 libre. Although both varieties have a double sigmoid vegetative growth, ‘Granny Smith’’s vegetative growth was relatively better than that of ‘Fuji’, whereas ‘Fuji’ had a higher productivity. However, for precise evaluation of yields, the period of economical production is required. Preliminary results of morphological, phenological, and pomological tests showed that the varieties ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ grafted onto dwarf rootstocks have a potential for increased production in the Van region of Eastern Turkey.

scholarly journals Vegetative, productive and qualitative performance of grapevine "Cabernet Sauvignon" according to the use of winter cover crops

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-544
Author(s):  
Jean Carlos Bettoni ◽  
Nelson Pires Feldberg ◽  
Gilberto Nava ◽  
Milton da Veiga ◽  
Leandro do Prado Wildner
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops

ABSTRACT To study the effect of winter cover crops on the vegetative, productive and qualitative behavior of "Cabernet Sauvignon" grapevines, an experiment was conducted in two wine harvests by sowing different species of winter cover crops and additional treatments with manual weeding and mechanical mowing in an experimental vineyard located at the Experimental Station of Epagri in Videira, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Plant attributes of the grapevine, such as number of rods and weight of pruned material and number of branches per plant. At the time of skin color change, petioles of recently matured leaves were collected for analysis of the levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and B. Moments before harvest, 100 grape berries were collected randomly to determine the total soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH. At harvest, the number of bunches per branch, the number and mass of clusters per plant and the average mass of clusters per plot were determined. Fresh and dry matter yields of the cover crop and weed plants were also determined when coverage reached full bloom. The winter cover crops did not alter the yield and quality of "Cabernet Sauvignon" grapes and showed no differences from each other for the management of spontaneous vegetation by hand weeding or mechanical mowing. Rye and ryegrass are effective alternatives for weed control alternatives. The species of white and red clover present difficulty in initial establishment, producing a small amount of biomass.

Effects of Hanseniaspora uvarum Integrated with Salicylic Acid or Sodium Bicarbonate on Postharvest Decay of Grapes

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1780-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Jie Qin ◽  
Hong Mei Xiao ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Jin Xiang Gao ◽  
Xiao Xia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Decay ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Grape Fruit ◽  
Experimental Trials

This study was conducted to investigate the application of the antagonistic yeast strain ofHanseniaspora uvarumcombined with salicylic acid (SA) and sodium bicarbonate (SBC) to create an efficient integrated approach to control grey mould on grapes. The results indicated that the treatment of 1×108CFU/mlH. uvarumcombined with SA at 2 mM and combined with SBC at 2% resulted in a remarkably improved control ofB. cinereainfections on grapes at 25°C,RH 95%. In experimental trials, the average lesion diameter of the samples treated withH.uvarumplus 2 mM SA andH. uvarumplus 2% SBC after 3 days were both 0.81 cm, which were significantly smaller compared with that of the samples treated withH. uvarumindividually (0.891 cm; 0.9 cm) and with sterile distilled water (1.318 cm; 1.36 cm). Furthermore, integration ofH. uvarumwith SA and with SBC both significantly reduced the decay rate, leave rate, weight loss while maintained the firmness, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS) of the grapes. The proper combination of antagonist yeasts and chemical reagent can thus provide an effective strategy to reduce postharvest decay of grape fruit.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Drought Stress and Soil Cultivation in Chardonnay and Xynisteri Grape Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Chrysargyris ◽  
Panayiota Xylia ◽  
Vassilis Litskas ◽  
Menelaos Stavrinides ◽  
Lisa Heyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Mediterranean Areas ◽  
The Impact

Cyprus has a long tradition in grape cultivation and wine making and grapevine is important for the sustainability of the agricultural sector, like in other Mediterranean areas. Water scarcity, which is projected to increase due to climate change, could negatively affect the sector. In this research, the effects of irrigation and tillage treatments on various aspects of vine growth and product quality (e.g., yield, physiology and quality attributes), were studied in Chardonnay and Xynisteri cultivars grown in clay soils in Cyprus. Regarding soil properties and water content, N and K were more abundant in the soil than P and through the growing period irrigation tended to increase electrical conductivity (EC) in the soil. Soil water content (volumetric) was 22%–27.5% and 13%–16%, when irrigation was applied or not, respectively. Vegetative soil cover occupied 50%–55% of the surface and contained species typically present in Mediterranean farms (e.g., Poaceae, Fabaceae and Brassicaceae). Tillage increased yield in Xynisteri (4–5 kg plant−1) but negatively affected other parameters such as chlorophyll levels (in Xynisteri). In combination with irrigation, tillage increased antioxidant activity in Chardonnay (assessed by FRAP and DPPH), at harvest. Total phenolics at harvest were higher in the grape juice of Xynisteri, compared to Chardonnay (30–40 and 20–25 mg GA g−1 fresh weight, respectively). Irrigation influenced phytohormone levels in the two cultivars. ABA increased in non-irrigated Xynisteri, reflecting an increased capacity to react towards water stress. Water stress is considered to increase polyphenols in grapes, but in the case of Xynisteri it seems that irrigation water is required to obtain better quality grapes as without irrigation volumetric water content (VWC) is close to the permanent wilting point. Titratable acidity and total tannins decreased in Chardonnay, when tillage and irrigation were applied. In addition, tillage and irrigation tended to elevate the pH of the grape juice. Tillage and irrigation on the other hand, had no effect on the levels of ascorbic acid and total anthocyanin content. The results of this research may help to select management strategies that support the adaptation of viticulture to climate change in Cyprus and other Mediterranean areas.

scholarly journals Fermentation Condition and Quality Evaluation of Pineapple Fruit Wine

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Antika Boondaeng ◽  
Sumaporn Kasemsumran ◽  
Kraireuk Ngowsuwan ◽  
Pilanee Vaithanomsat ◽  
Waraporn Apiwatanapiwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
Volatile Acidity ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Pineapple Fruit ◽  
The Impact

This research investigated the impact of the concentration of pineapple juice on the characteristics of pineapple wine during fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. burgundy. Three ratios of fresh pineapple juice to water were mixed to obtain three treatments, which were T1—2:1, T2—1:1, and T3—1:2. The °Brix and pH of all pineapple juice and water ratios were adjusted to 25 and 4, respectively. The results showed that changes in alcohol, pH, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), Total Titratable Acidity (TAA, as citric acid), and Volatile Acidity (VA, as acetic acid) during the 10-day fermentation among three treatments were significantly different. The highest alcohol content was obtained from the 2:1 with values of 10.71% (v/v). The mixed ratio at 1:1 and 1:2 obtained the alcohol value of 9.61 and 8.35% (v/v), respectively. After ten days of fermentation, TSS, pH values, TAA, and VA were in the range of 9.7–13 °Brix, 3.56–3.82, 0.384–0.448, and 0.0013–0.0016, respectively. However, the appearance, aroma, and taste of all ratios were not significantly different. Sweetness and overall liking, wine with pineapple juice/water ratio at 2:1 had the highest score (p ≤ 0.05). The total antioxidant activities determined by DPPH and total phenolic content were 0.91 mmol/L TE and 365.80 mg/L GAE, respectively, as confirmed by FTIR spectral analyses.

scholarly journals Preharvest Aminoethoxyvinylglycine Plus Postharvest Heat Treatments Influence Apple Fruit Ripening after Cold Storage

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1637-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Sigal Escalada ◽  
Douglas D. Archbold
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
The Impact

The impact of heat plus aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments alone or in combination on ripening of four apple cultivars has been studied. A solution of AVG was applied to ‘Lodi’, ‘Senshu’, ‘Redchief Delicious’, and ‘Red Fuji’ apple trees ≈4 weeks before normal harvest at 124 g·ha−1 a.i. After harvest, half of each group of control and AVG-treated fruit was heated at 38 °C for 4 days and then stored at 4 °C for 30 days. After cold storage, AVG and heat individually suppressed ethylene production of ‘Senshu’ and ‘Redchief Delicious’ but not of ‘Lodi’ or ‘Red Fuji’. The combination of AVG with heat treatment reduced ethylene production the most consistently in each cultivar except ‘Lodi’, suggesting some additive effect of the treatments. The respiration rate after cold storage was not consistently affected by any treatment. AVG alone and with heat maintained firmness of ‘Lodi’, AVG plus heat maintained it in ‘Senshu’, but neither ‘Redchief Delicious’ nor ‘Red Fuji’ firmness responded to the treatments. AVG-treated ‘Lodi’ and ’Redchief Delicious’ fruit, heated fruit of all cultivars, and AVG plus heat in all had lower titratable acidity than controls after cold storage. Although there were no effects of any treatment on fruit soluble solids concentration, the combined treatment increased the soluble solids:titratable acidity ratio of all cultivars, although heat or AVG alone had no consistent effects. Total ester production by ‘Redchief Delicious’ peel tissue after cold storage was reduced 44% by AVG and 70% or more by heat and AVG plus heat. There were no differences in peel alcohol acyltransferase activity among the treatments, supporting the hypothesis that substrate availability was the limiting factor for ester synthesis in treated fruit. Overall, heat plus AVG treatment did not provide any advantage over each alone for maintaining apple fruit quality during short-term cold storage.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity, anthocyanins and organic acids content of grape juices produced in Southwest of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Vilas Boas ◽  
Paôla de Castro Henrique ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Antônio Decarlos Neto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristic ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Grape Juices

Phenolic compounds and anthocyanins content in grape juices varies in the cultivar, ripening and climate characteristics. The objective of this work was to characterize and evaluate antioxidant activity of grape juices produced in southwestern Minas Gerais. Grapes were harvested, sanitized and the juices from cultivars 'Bordô', 'Isabel Precoce', 'BRS Violeta' and 'BRS Rúbea' were produced in artisanal equipment by steam extraction and stored for 120 days. The following analyzes were performed during storage: color (L *), pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, anthocyanins, antioxidant activity (DPPH and β-caroteno/linoleic acid), total phenolics, vitamin C and organic acids. Among the cultivars evaluated, the consumption of grape juice from cultivar 'BRS Violeta' is suggested due to its higher content of vitamin C, antioxidant activity, total phenolics, anthocyanins, and also due to a better physicochemical characteristic showed, when compared to the juices of the other cultivars.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical attributes of no-till Brassica crops cultivated after various cover crops

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
José LR Torres ◽  
Elaine D Ciabotti ◽  
Fernando RC Gomes ◽  
André LB Leal Junior ◽  
Dinamar MS Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
No Till ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Harvest Moisture

ABSTRACT Cauliflower and cabbage require high amounts of nutrients in short periods of time; however, the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers can cause nutritional imbalances in these crops and reduce the quality of the final product. This study evaluated the chemical composition and yield of no-till cauliflower and cabbage grown on residues of various cover crops in Uberaba, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four cover crops (sunn hemp, brachiaria, pearl millet and fallow) and two main crops (cauliflower and cabbage). The treatments were evaluated on plots of 20 m2 with four replications. The following traits were analyzed after harvest: moisture (MO), ash (ASH), lipid (LIP), crude fiber (CF), protein (PTN), carbohydrates (CARB), total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, ascorbic acid (AA), head fresh weight (HFW), head dry weight (HDW) and yield. Cauliflower cultivated on sunn hemp residues produced high levels of LIP, PTN, CARB, TSS and TTA, whereas cauliflower cultivated on brachiaria and millet residues demonstrated high AA levels when compared to the treatment with sunn hemp residues. In the aerial part, cabbage presented significantly higher levels of CARB, TTA and AA when cultivated on brachiaria residues, whereas PTN levels were higher on sunn hemp residues. The cultivation of cauliflower and cabbage on cover crop residues affected positively most of the chemical attributes of the evaluated crops when compared to the fallow treatment, although the highest yield and AA levels were observed when the crops were cultivated on brachiaria residues.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of the Maciel peach with different rootstocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Farias Barreto ◽  
Marines Batalha Moreno Kirinus ◽  
Pricila Santos da Silva ◽  
Carina Radmann Schiavon ◽  
Cesar Valmor Rombaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Canopy Volume

The rootstock influences the agronomic performance of fruit plants. In Prunus persica (peach), particularly those varieties produced in Brazil, this relationship is not well understood. We, therefore, set out to evaluate the performance of the peach cultivar Maciel with eight rootstocks, Aldrighi, Capdeboscq, Flordaguard, Nemaguard, Okinawa, Umezeiro, Tsukuba, and Seleção Viamão, planted in 2006 and evaluated in the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. Phenology of flowering, trunk diameter, canopy volume, fruit number, and yield were evaluated in the field. For the fruit, we evaluated the mass, diameter, color, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, concentration of total phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and antioxidant activity. Plants from the Aldrighi and Nemaguard rootstocks flowered earlier than plants from the other rootstocks in 2014, and in 2015, flowering was variable in all rootstocks. The cultivar Maciel on Umezeiro had low vigor, trunk diameter, and canopy volume. On Aldrighi, Capdeboscq, Flordaguard, Nemaguard, and Tsukuba this cultivar showed good production rates. The fruit color, flesh firmness, concentration of soluble solids, total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and total carotenoids were influenced by rootstock and harvest.

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