The Attributes of Fake News Discourse and the Direction of Social Practice in Media Reports

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-64
Author(s):  
Ju Hyun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Fake News ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Media Reports

What the fake? Assessing the extent of networked political spamming and bots in the propagation of #fakenews on Twitter

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Rawi ◽  
Jacob Groshek ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
One Year

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine one of the largest data sets on the hashtag use of #fakenews that comprises over 14m tweets sent by more than 2.4m users.Design/methodology/approachTweets referencing the hashtag (#fakenews) were collected for a period of over one year from January 3 to May 7 of 2018. Bot detection tools were employed, and the most retweeted posts, most mentions and most hashtags as well as the top 50 most active users in terms of the frequency of their tweets were analyzed.FindingsThe majority of the top 50 Twitter users are more likely to be automated bots, while certain users’ posts like that are sent by President Donald Trump dominate the most retweeted posts that always associate mainstream media with fake news. The most used words and hashtags show that major news organizations are frequently referenced with a focus on CNN that is often mentioned in negative ways.Research limitations/implicationsThe research study is limited to the examination of Twitter data, while ethnographic methods like interviews or surveys are further needed to complement these findings. Though the data reported here do not prove direct effects, the implications of the research provide a vital framework for assessing and diagnosing the networked spammers and main actors that have been pivotal in shaping discourses around fake news on social media. These discourses, which are sometimes assisted by bots, can create a potential influence on audiences and their trust in mainstream media and understanding of what fake news is.Originality/valueThis paper offers results on one of the first empirical research studies on the propagation of fake news discourse on social media by shedding light on the most active Twitter users who discuss and mention the term “#fakenews” in connection to other news organizations, parties and related figures.

scholarly journals Discursive Deflection: Accusation of “Fake News” and the Spread of Mis- and Disinformation in the Tweets of President Trump

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630511877601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Ross ◽  
Damian J. Rivers
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Objective Truth ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports

Twitter is increasingly being used within the sociopolitical domain as a channel through which to circulate information and opinions. Throughout the 2016 US Presidential primaries and general election campaign, a notable feature was the prolific Twitter use of Republican candidate and then nominee, Donald Trump. This use has continued since his election victory and inauguration as President. Trump’s use of Twitter has drawn criticism due to his rhetoric in relation to various issues, including Hillary Clinton, the size of the crowd in attendance at his inauguration, the policies of the former Obama administration, and immigration and foreign policy. One of the most notable features of Trump’s Twitter use has been his repeated ridicule of the mainstream media through pejorative labels such as “fake news” and “fake media.” These labels have been deployed in an attempt to deter the public from trusting media reports, many of which are critical of Trump’s presidency, and to position himself as the only reliable source of truth. However, given the contestable nature of objective truth, it can be argued that Trump himself is a serial offender in the propagation of mis- and disinformation in the same vein that he accuses the media. This article adopts a corpus analysis of Trump’s Twitter discourse to highlight his accusations of fake news and how he operates as a serial spreader of mis- and disinformation. Our data show that Trump uses these accusations to demonstrate allegiance and as a cover for his own spreading of mis- and disinformation that is framed as truth.

scholarly journals LEXICO-STYLISTIC CHOICES AND MEDIA IDEOLOGY IN NEWSPAPER REPORTS ON NIGER DELTA CONFLICTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Chuka Fred Ononye
Keyword(s):  
Media Studies ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lexical Fields ◽  
Made In

Media reports on Niger Delta (Henceforth, ND) conflicts have reflected a relationship between lexico-stylistic choices and media ideologies. The existing media studies on the discourse have predominantly utilised pragmatic, stylistic and discourse analytical tools in presenting and labelling discourse participants and/or their ideologies, but neglected how media ideologies can be revealed through lexico-stylistic choices made in the reports. This paper therefore examines the lexico-stylistic choices in the reports in order to establish their link to specific ideological goals of the newspapers in relaying the conflict news. Forty reports on ND conflicts, published between 2003 and 2007, sampled from two ND-based (The Tide and Pioneer) and two national (The Punch and THISDAY, labelled) newspapers, were subjected to stylistic and critical analyses, with insights from structural (relational) semantics and aspects of stylistics discourse. Two broad lexical stylistic choices are identified, including paradigmatic (61.8%—indexed by synonymous, antonymous, hyponymous, colloquial, and register items, and coinages) and syntagmatic (38.2%—marked by collocations, metaphors, pleonasms, and lexical fields) features. The features are utilised for three ideological ends; namely, picking out and framing participants as perpetrators of the violence in the discourse, evaluating specific entities and their roles in the conflicts, and reducing the impact of the activities of the news actors. Although there are overlaps, the evaluative ideology is largely associated with the national newspaper, the impact reduction ideology with the ND-based newspapers, while the framist ideology is observed in the two sets of newspapers. With these findings the study has added the lexical stylistics angle to the existing scholarship on ND conflict news discourse. Thus, the newspaper reports on ND conflicts are motivated by their ideological goals to change the reader’s outlook on the issues relating to the conflicts.

scholarly journals A Case Study on the Social Practice of the Liberal Education －Focusing on K University’s Social Innovation Living-lab Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
Daesik Woo
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
University Education ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Academic System ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Media Reports

The purpose of this study is to examine educational achievements and their implications, focusing on the social practice case of the Social Innovation Living-lab Project implemented by K University in 2020. The progress of the project, its performance, and educational implications were analyzed based on the results of project-related reports, media reports, resident surveys, and student interviews.The project was effective in terms of revitalizing local urban regeneration, and resident’s satisfaction was generally positive. In educational effects, students also became passionate and interested in the effects of cooperation between themselves and their chosen majors. Moreover, they demonstrated positive effects from the reflecting they did regarding their own prospects as they considered their social contributions.This project is meaningful in that cooperative partnerships between universities and society can be formed through university education. Futhermore, this study proposed to improve the academic system and to establish a support system to promote it.

scholarly journals Truth and fake news in the classroom: the sense construction and the discoursive ethics in literacy practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 1219-1235
Author(s):  
Antônio Carlos Santos de Lima ◽  
Lilian Soares de Figueiredo Luz ◽  
Aurineide Profírio Barros Correia
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Literacy Practices ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Discourse Ethics ◽  
Reading Process ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Literacy Practice ◽  
The World

This paper aims to present a proposal of literacy practice, which reflects current and relevant topics such as truth (FOUCAULT, 2014) and the fake news (FONTANA, 2021), from the perspective of discourse ethics (SOUTO MAIOR, 2020). In this proposal, we articulate the reflection on those topics together with the production of a review – a textual genre widely used in the academic sphere. We situate our proposal in the perspective of Applied Linguistics (AL), by focusing on the issue of language as a social practice, which reflects constitutive aspects of society and culture that is crossed by discursive practices built from ideological threads (FABRÍCIO, 2006) and, for this reason, are present in literacy practices. In this proposal we have used the movie called "The invention of lying" (2009), because we could realize this movie as a useful resource that allow subjects to reflect about different aspects which they face in their social context and is related to writing and reading process in the world (LIMA; SOUTO MAIOR, 2020)

Strongman, patronage and fake news

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Lyndon D. Ragragio
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Common ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Communicative Power

Abstract Human rights are essential pillars of democracies. But under populism, they are a proclaimed nemesis of political leaders who claim to represent the common people. This article argues that the discourses of strongman, patronage and fake news constitute three prominent right-wing populist ploys that erode human rights in Rodrigo Duterte’s Philippines. It interrogates the communicative power of populism as a means of disfiguring free expression and press freedom. Drawing from human rights and media reports and interviews, the pro-human rights current is reformatted by strongman pronouncement in the war on drugs, unity of long-established blocs of power through patronage, and belligerent charge of fake news.

Poisoning the information well?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson C. Tandoc Jr. ◽  
Andrew Duffy ◽  
S Mo Jones-Jang ◽  
Winnie Goh Wen Pin
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Media Study ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Credibility ◽  
News Credibility ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trust Information

Abstract This study examines the impact of fake news discourse on perceptions of news media credibility. If participants are told they have been exposed to fake news, does this lead them to trust information institutions less, including the news media? Study 1 (n = 188) found that news media credibility decreased when participants were told they saw fake news, while news credibility did not change when participants were told they saw real news. Study 2 (n = 400) found that those who saw fake news – and were told they saw a fake news post – decreased their trust in the news media while those who saw fake news and were not debriefed did not change their perceptions of the news media. This shows that the social impact of fake news is not limited to its direct consequences of misinforming individuals, but also includes the potentially adverse effects of discussing fake news.

scholarly journals Trends in State Regulation of Russian Mass Media: a Legal Aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-246
Author(s):  
Ivan Pankeev ◽  
Alexey Timofeev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Media Reports

The article deals with major trends in state regulation of Russian media landscape in the period 2017-2020, which features a large amount of fake news, extremist publications and other information harmful for the people and the society. The authors analyze the key measures taken by the state in order to protect the population from such information and diminish its negative effect, define the problems and difficulties that journalists and Internet-users face, and propose ways of addressing the problems. The article focuses on legal aspects of the governmental bans and regulatory policy as, in the authors opinion, they are primary to the other measures (economic, technological, etc.). Special attention is paid to the state legislative response to such threats as fake news, suicide, drug abuse, extremist or terrorist propaganda, and foreign agents financial impact on Russian media. The research involved an analysis of media reports on the relevant issues, as well as a study of the recent changes in the legislation concerning media landscape and results of other researches in this field. The authors infer that there are two major trends in the state regulation: one is liberalization of privacy laws for media landscape, and the other is harsher punishments for spreading extremist information, fake news and other state abusive content. However, such control should not be always viewed as negative.

scholarly journals EXTRALINGUAL FACTORS OF DISCURSIVE PRACTICES OF FAKE NEWS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(78)) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Svitlana Rybachok
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Discourse Practices

The article focuses on the issues of discursive practice of fake news as a certain type and format of social practice, which organizes social life by falsified means, determines communicative forms of individual behavior in typical situations in order to mislead, control minds and behavior of individuals and / or social groups through preferencial access to mass media resources, which promptly respond to any innovative processes in society, indicate the major transformations of society, changes in a particular community. The study identifies extra lingual factors of discourse formation that led to the creation of important social, cognitive, technological, political and ethical issues, as well as understanding the conditions and social practices under which there was a possibility of such discourse practices. The research reveals that modern discursive formation that correlate with specific technological, political, information and communicative means of virtual and real media resources have formed specific interactive and communicative/discursive practices of fake news as a hybrid form of information production and dissemination in order to manipulatively influence the public opinion, political decisions in the best interests of dominated groups.

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