scholarly journals The Effect of Government Expenditure and Economic Growth on Gender Development Index in Special Region of Yogyakarta Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvina Esta Nurwanti ◽  
Nunik Kadarwati ◽  
Supadi Supadi ◽  
Khalid Eltayeb Elfaki Adam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Gender Development ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Gender Development Index ◽  
The Government ◽  
Special Region

The phenomenon of the development inequality between men and women is development problems that still occur in many regions and can be measured using gender development index. This research has purpose to analyze the factors that influence on gender development index in Special Region of Yogyakarta and indentifying variables that has most influence on gender development index in Special Region of Yogyakarta. This research uses gender development index as dependent variable and was implemented in the Province of D.I. Yogyakarta, in contrast to the previous research that already exists. In this research, the author have a hypothesis formulation that all independent variables, government expenditure in education sector, government expenditure in health sector and economic growth has a positive effect on gender development index. This research uses a panel data regression analysis with fixed effect model (FEM) approach. The results of this research indicate that variable of government expenditures in education has a negative and significant effect on gender development index in Province of D.I. Yogyakarta, the variable of government expenditures in health and variable of economic growth has a positive and significant effect on gender development index in Province D.I. Yogyakarta, and the dependent variable has most influence on gender development index in Special Region of Yogyakarta is a government expenditure on health. The implication of this research is the government to pay more attention to ability of each region in realizing the education expenditure, it is neccesary to strengthen cooperaton and equalize of mission both at the province and district/city level to optimize government performance, and need equality on education to reduce education gap in Special Region of Yogyakarta. For expenditure in the health sector, government should increase the percentage of budget allocation for health sector with provision minimum of 10 percent from local government revenue and expenditure budget (APBD) and need performance optimization in financial management so that health budget can be realized optimally as well. Meanwhile in economic growth, the government should to make equalize in the economic growth for each district or city so that can be enjoyed by all level of society. The limitations of this study are use of research data with a limited period and limited information on availability of information on each research variable used

scholarly journals IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES IN EDUCATION AND HEALTH SECTORS ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Mulia Simatupang
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper in to assess the impact of financial inclusion and  government expenditures in education and health sectors in order to increase human development index. Government expenditures has important role to support economic growth and welfare for its people. Fiscal policy expenditures in education and health sectors are kind of significant government policy to increase human development. It is believed that financial inclusion has also important role  to reduce poverty and indirectly increase human development index. Financial inclusion  has positive impacts to human development index component along with government  expenditures in education and health sector. In the years ahead, The Government should prioritize and increase budget in order to increase human  resources quality in Indonesia.

ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH SEKTOR PENDIDIKAN DAN KESEHATAN, INFLASI DAN KEMISKINAN TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 174-186
Author(s):  
A. Mahendra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Year 2000

This research is intended to know the influence of government expenditure on education and health sector, inflation, and poverty on human development index with economic growth as a moderating variables in Indonesia. Population in this research is Indonesia and 20 of them were selected to be the samples for this research through purposive sampling technique. Estimates conducted by the multiple regression analysis. The data that were used in this study were secondary data, consisted of Government Expenditure, Inflation, and Poverty to human development index for the year 2000-2019. The results of this research, that Based on the partial test (t test), the Poverty variable has no significant effect while the Inflation and Government Expenditure variables have a significant effect on the variables of the human development index in Indonesia, the simultan test (F test), government expenditure, inflation, and poverty have a significant effect on the variables of the human development index. The economic growth variables are unable to moderate the relationship between government expenditure, inflation and poverty on the human development index.

scholarly journals A quantitative analysis of sources of changes in government expenditures on health, 2000 to 2015: what can we learn from experience to date?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Saxenian ◽  
Ipchita Bharali ◽  
Osondu Ogbuoji ◽  
Gavin Yamey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Domestic Sources ◽  
The Government

Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) requires increased domestic financing of health by low-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs). It is critical to understand how much governments have devoted to health from their own sources and how much growth might be realistic over time. Methods: Using data from WHO’s Global Health Expenditure Database, we examined how the composition of current health expenditure changed by financing source and the main sources of growth in health expenditures from 2000-2015. We also disaggregated how much growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources was due to economic growth, growth in the tax base, reallocations in government expenditures towards health, and the interactions of these factors. Results: Lower MICs (LMICs) and upper MICs (UMICs), as a group, saw a significant reduction in out-of-pocket expenditures and a significant growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources as a share of current health expenditures over the period. This trend indicates likely progress in the pathway to UHC. For LICs, these trends were much more muted. Growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was driven primarily by economic growth in LICs, LMICs, and UMICs. Growth in government expenditure on health due to a strengthened tax base was most important in UMICs. For high-income countries, where economic growth was relatively slower and tax bases were already strong, the largest driver of growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was reallocation of the government budget towards health. Conclusions: Given these findings from 2000-2015, discussions about a government’s ability to reallocate to health from its overall budget need to be evidence based and pragmatic.  Dialogue on domestic resource mobilization needs to emphasize overall economic growth and growth in the tax base as well as the share of health in the government budget.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, tingkat kemiskinan, pengeluaran pemerintah, tingkat pengangguran terbuka terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Provinsi-provinsi di Sumatera

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
Dzaki Furqoni ZA ◽  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Adi Bhakti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Level Government

Study are as follows: To analyze the effect of economic growth, poverty level, government expenditure and open unemployment on the Human Development Index (HDI) of the Provincial Provinces in Sumatra for the period 2013-2017. Based on the results of the study that economic growth has a significant effect on the human development index. Poverty level has a significant effect on the human development index. Open unemployment has a significant effect on the human development index. Government expenditure has a significant effect on the Human Development Index. Keywords: Economic Growth, Poverty Level, Government Expenditures, Open    Unemployment Rate, and Human Development Index.

scholarly journals The Effects of Physical and Non-physical Investments of Government Expenditure in Education and Health Sectors on Human Development Index in Pekanbaru City

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akbar Fatria
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Physical Investment

In this current globalization era, human resources investment is necessary for each country to improve the index of human development and economic growth, many countries have succeeded in economic growth by relying on human resources despite not having abundant natural resources. However, the success of resource investment is also strongly influenced by the availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure. Based on data of physical and non-physical investments of government expenditure in education and health sectors from 2007-2017, shows a positive trend with relatively increasing value. Meanwhile, based on data of human development index progress in Pekanbaru city in recent years showed a relatively declining value. This contradicts the theory of endogenous romer which explained that when the government or private sectors invest in human resources, it will encourage the improvement of human resources quality that reflects the progress of human development index. This study uses secondary data, namely government physical and non-physical expenditure data in the field of education and health in Pekanbaru City on Regional Budget in 2010-2017. The independent variable is government physical and non-physical expenditure in education and health sectors. While the dependent variable is the Human Development Index. The analysis method used is OLS (Ordinary Least Square) method where the data used are analyzed quantitatively using statistical analysis, namely multiple linear regression equations. Based on the results of research, government physical expenditure in education and government non-physical expenditure in the health sector does not significantly influence the human development index in Pekanbaru City. While government non-physical expenditure in education and government physical expenditure in health significantly affect the human development index in Pekanbaru City. Furthermore, for physical investment where in this research is the government physical expenditure in education and health sectors simultaneously has a significant effect on the human development index in Pekanbaru City. Whereas for non-physical investment where in this study is government non-physical expenditure in education and health sectors simultaneously has a significant effect on the human development index in Pekanbaru City.

scholarly journals The Impact of Government Expenditures upon Economic Growth in Post-Communist Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Sorin Dincă ◽  
Gheorghița Dincă
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
National Defense ◽  
East European ◽  
Real Gdp Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper examines the relationship between the structure and share of government expenditure into Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the real GDP per capita. Our study uses a micro panel data for a sample made of ten countries from Central and East European, for the period 2002-2012. The empirical results of the linear regression show that the GDP/capita is positively correlated with public order and safety expenditures as well as with economic actions, while national defense and general public services are negatively correlated. The results obtained largely correspond with the ones reached by other researchers approaching the topic of the relationship between economic growth and composition of the government expenditures. The health and education expenses, though instrumental for the long-term development of any society, did not show any significant impact upon the evolution of the GDP/capita, probably as a result of the short-term available data.

scholarly journals Real Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in the Southern Caucasus Countries: A Panel Data Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Gumus ◽  
Rza Mammadov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

The primary purpose of this paper is to find out the relationship between real government expenditures and real gross domestic product (GDP) for three countries of the South Caucasus namely, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia. The relationship between the variables is essential for policy formation for these countries due to their transition to market economy. There are two main hypotheses related to real government expenditures and growth. The Wagner’s hypothesis argues that the growth of an economy leads to more government spending while Keynes’s hypothesis proposes that government expenditures feed higher economic growth. From policy perspectives, the Keynesian view gives a dominant role in government intervention for higher growth while Wagner view gives just a passive role to the government in economic policy. This paper is designed to investigate these hypotheses by using econometric panel techniques. The analysis covers the years 1990-2016. According to our empirical results, there is a mutually positive relationship between real government expenditures and economic growth in the South Caucasus. At the same time, we also find short and long-term bidirectional causality. These results confirm each other and in line with the existing literature. Our study contributes to the literature as filling the gap by studying the South Caucasus countries.

scholarly journals Do government expenditures and institutions drive growth? Evidence from developed and developing economies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Zahirah Mohd Sidek ◽  
Mehmet Asutay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Government Consumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumption Expenditures ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government

Purpose Most empirical studies on the government expenditure-economic growth nexus suggest a negative relationship between the size of the government expenditures and economic growth especially government consumption expenditures. Given these findings, the government should focus on development expenditures and reduce non-development expenditures for higher economic growth. However, the authors argue that this may not be the case, as government consumption expenditures along with better institutional quality promote growth via reduced corruption, reduction of political risks and good governance. The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidences that both government consumption and development expenditure promote growth in the presence of better institutional quality. Design/methodology/approach This paper re-examines the impact of government expenditures on growth whilst controlling institutional factors for a sample of 30 developed and 91 developing countries from 1984 to 2017. Government expenditure is segregated into consumption and development expenditures. Findings The results are consistent with existing findings where government consumption expenditures have a negative effect on growth and government development expenditures contribute positively towards growth. However, when the authors conditioned government consumption expenditures with institutional variables, results suggest that in the presence of good institutions, both government consumption and development expenditures promote growth. Practical implications The findings in this paper suggest that in the presence of good institutions, government consumption expenditures will contribute positively towards growth. The results are relatively consistent for both developing and developed economies, which suggests the importance of institutional factors leading to a parallel movement towards long run growth path. In other words, long run economic growth is driven by a similar institutional environment. Originality/value Both developed and developing countries show similar reactions towards consumption and development expenditures. This indicates that despite the level of development, government expenditures do contribute positively towards growth especially in the presence of better-quality institutions.

scholarly journals A quantitative analysis of sources of changes in government expenditures on health, 2000 to 2015: what can we learn from experience to date?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Helen Saxenian ◽  
Ipchita Bharali ◽  
Osondu Ogbuoji ◽  
Gavin Yamey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Domestic Sources ◽  
The Government ◽  
A Share

Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) requires increased domestic financing of health by low-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs). It is critical to understand how much governments have devoted to health from domestic sources and how much growth might be realistic over time. Methods: Using data from WHO’s Global Health Expenditure Database, we examined how the composition of current health expenditure changed by financing source and the sources of growth in health expenditures from 2000-2015 across different income groups. We disaggregated how much growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources was due to economic growth, growth in government spending as a share of GDP, and reallocations in government expenditures towards health. Results: Lower MICs (LMICs) and upper MICs (UMICs), as a group, saw a significant reduction in out-of-pocket expenditures and a significant growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources as a share of current health expenditures over the period. This trend indicates likely progress in the pathway to UHC. For LICs, these trends were more muted. Growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was driven primarily by economic growth in LICs, LMICs, and UMICs. Growth in government expenditure on health due to increased government spending as a share of GDP was high in UMICs. For the high-income country group, where economic growth was relatively slower and government spending was already high with strong tax bases, the largest driver of growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was reallocation of the government budget towards health. Conclusions: Dialogue on domestic resource mobilization needs to emphasize overall economic growth and growth in the government spending as a share of GDP as well as the share of health in the government budget.

scholarly journals Human Resource Development and Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-49
Author(s):  
Deinibiteim M.H. ◽  
Emeh E. O.
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Real ◽  
Resources Development

This study examined the impact of human resources development on economic growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2019. To achieve this objective, data were collected on the real gross domestic product, government expenditure on education, government expenditure on health and human development index from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical bulletin, World Bank -World Development Indicator and UNDP. The study adopted the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, Johansen Co-integration test and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) methods of econometric to analyse the collected data. Evidence from the findings revealed that all the variables were individually integrated of Order One and have a long-run relationship. The parsimonious ECM result revealed that an increase in government expenditure on education, government expenditure on health, as well as human development index, do not significantly increase economic growth in Nigeria during the period of study. The study concluded that human resources development via public spending in the education sector, health sector, as well as an increase in human development index remains crucial in the process of achieving sustainable economic growth in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study recommended among others that crucial effort should be made by the government in channelling more funds to the health sector in order to improve health standards and reduce the mortality rate of the citizens since a healthy population and workforce is a major ingredient for rapid and sustainable productivity and growth. Enough funds should be allocated to education for proper utilization of potential productive and social benefits that will help to boost the real sector of the economy.

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