scholarly journals Social Capital and Economic Development: A Neighborhood Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Hanka ◽  
Trent Aaron Engbers
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Sean Safford’s 2009 book Why the Garden Club Couldn’t Save Youngstown introduces a revolutionary idea that much of a community’s economic resilience is tied to the social capital that exists within it. Recent research suggests that social capital not only benefits those who develop it, but it can serve as a source of economic development in the communities in which it arises. Past quantitative research on the economic benefit of social capital has only examined the city or higher levels of aggregation. This study measures social capital in three diverse socioeconomic neighborhoods to better understand how social capital can serve as a tool for economic development. An ordered probit regression model was developed to examine how individual and neighborhood levels of social capital benefit households within these communities. Moreover, this study addresses how differences in social capital across neighborhoods are explained by both individual and neighborhood characteristics.

Landscape and Ecology

2020 ◽  
pp. 342-368
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Grimley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Musical Thought ◽  
The Social ◽  
Representational Practice ◽  
Raymond Williams ◽  
The City ◽  
Privileged Site

Images of landscape lie at the heart of nineteenth-century musical thought. From frozen winter fields, mountain echoes, distant horn calls, and the sound of the wind moving among the pines, landscape was a vivid representational practice, a creative resource, and a privileged site for immersion, gothic horror, and the Romantic sublime. As Raymond Williams observed, however, the nineteenth century also witnessed an unforeseen transformation of artistic responses to landscape, which paralleled the social and cultural transformation of the country and the city under processes of intense industrialization and economic development. This chapter attends to several musical landscapes, from the Beethovenian “Pastoral” to Delius’s colonial-era evocation of an exoticized American idyll, as a means of mapping nineteenth-century music’s obsession with the idea of landscape and place. Distance recurs repeatedly as a form of subjective presence and through paradoxical connections with proximity and intimacy.

scholarly journals Anchoring the social economy at the metropolitan scale: Findings from the Liverpool City Region

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802097265
Author(s):  
Matthew Thompson ◽  
Alan Southern ◽  
Helen Heap
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
City Region ◽  
Anchor Institutions ◽  
Urban Economic Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Economies ◽  
The City

This article revisits debates on the contribution of the social economy to urban economic development, specifically focusing on the scale of the city region. It presents a novel tripartite definition – empirical, essentialist, holistic – as a useful frame for future research into urban social economies. Findings from an in-depth case study of the scale, scope and value of the Liverpool City Region’s social economy are presented through this framing. This research suggests that the social economy has the potential to build a workable alternative to neoliberal economic development if given sufficient tailored institutional support and if seen as a holistic integrated city-regional system, with anchor institutions and community anchor organisations playing key roles.

scholarly journals Women’s self-care behavior and its relationship with social capital in Yazd, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamideh Shiri-Mohammadabad ◽  
Seyed Alireza Afshani
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Care Behavior

Abstract Background Research on factors affecting self-care is scarce. The social factors, in particular, have not been yet investigated in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-care and social capital among women. Methods The participants were 737 women who were living in the marginal, middle and upper areas in the city of Yazd, Iran. Data were collected using a researcher-made self-care questionnaire and Harper’s (Off Natl Stat 11:2019, 2019) Social Capital Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling by SPSS and Amos v24. Results The results showed that the social capital had significant positive effects on the general self-care behavior of the participants (β = 0.56, p < 0.001). It also had significant positive effects on the self-care behavior of women living in the marginal (β = 0.58), middle (β = 0.49) and upper (β = 0.62) parts of the city (p < 0.001). Besides, the women living in the marginal parts had relatively lower levels of self-care compared to those living in the middle and upper parts of the city. The examination of the fit indices indicated that the model has a good fit (CMIN/DF = 2.087, NFI = 0.921, RMSEA = 0.027, CFI = 0.956, TLI = 0.940, GFI = 0.956, IFI = 0.957). Conclusion The findings of this study demonstrated that social capital has significant positive effects on the general self-care behavior of women. Therefore, improving their self-care can be achieved through promoting their social capital.

scholarly journals MODAL SOSIAL PEMANTIK UNTUK KOTA KREATIF

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Tubagus Arya Abdurachman
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Creative Cities ◽  
Creative City ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Dominant Influence

The discussion of this research is the development of creative cities in a country is the result of the efforts of the government and creative actors in the city in the country. Creative city can not be separated from the potential of social capital that is owned by the people in the city. Social capital is a social organization concept that includes network of norms and social trusts that facilitate mutual coordination and cooperation including in developing the regional economy. This research aims to (1) know the contribution of social capital in making a creative city, (2) express the social capital and creativity of individuals and communities to realize creative city, and (3) know aspects of social capital that dominant influence on a creativity of the city. The method of this research is qualitative primary data with technic observation and indepth interview, also secondary data in the form of document and archive analysis from Bandung city as one of creative city in Indonesia. Research is done during 2015-2016. Conclusions this research are (1)Social capital that form trust, tolerance, cooperation, openness, and independence of the community greatly contributes in the creation of creative city because through the braided integration of social capital that forms a norm of behavior binding for its citizens to be creative and does not require material capital,(2)Individual urban creativity formed through the process of socialization of elements of social capital in the life of society to trigger creativity of individuals and society as a whole, and (3) The form of openness, tolerance, and cooperation are the dominant elements of social capital in growing the creativity of individuals and societyKeywords: Creatif city, Social capital

scholarly journals Wpływ kapitału społecznego mieszkańców na kształtowanie przestrzeni wspólnych w środowisku mieszkaniowym

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Anna Cudny
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
National Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Influence of social capital of inhabitants on shaping common spaces in a housing environment The last two decades of the century have brought unusually many changes in the built environment. These include not only changes directly related to the emergence of a new urban fabric, but also changes in social attitudes towards common spaces located in residential areas. The built environment has never been evaluated so strongly. This assessment translates not only into the everyday outdoor activities of residents (necessary, optional and social activities), but also to economic projects (purchase, sale and rental of real estate). At the same time, the city ceases to be, as it has been so far, mainly subjected to criticism, and the residents are gradually changing their demanding attitude concerning the development of space to participate in the process of its creation. Society wants to have a real impact on urban space, especially on the space closest to them. Thus, the right to the city is no longer a privilege or a duty, but it becomes a need. Trying to meet this need results in a phenomenon which we can increasingly observe in Poland, and which we have been witnessing abroad for many years: activities in public space are changing into activities for public space. They include the transformation of common spaces related to the place of residence—improving their aesthetic quality, functional changes, modernization of development elements. Observing numerous examples of public participation in shaping public spaces, it was noticed that the initiation, course and effects of activities largely depend on the social capital of the group undertaking said activity. Accordingly, there is a need for research on the mutual relation between the level of social capital and the issue of shaping and managing public space with the participation of local communities, which will be the main topic of the paper. To investigate the above-mentioned issue, qualitative research methods were used in relation to the relationship: site visit, non-participant observation and focus interviews. This contributed to a comparative study of three selected Warsaw case studies. They were analysed in terms of meeting the qualitative criteria selected for the study. These criteria have been indicated on the basis of the Social Capital Development Strategy 2020, which is one of the parts of the Medium-Term National Development Strategy. The result of the analyses is an indication of derived factors from within the group of space users and external factors that have a positive and negative impact on initiating, carrying out and maintaining the effects of changes in common spaces developed with the participation of local communities in Polish conditions. The conclusions can be used to improve future participation processes related to urban space - both by non-professionals participating in them, as well as experts - architects and town planners.

scholarly journals Trust as catalyst for the organizational performance. A focus on a medium-size IT Romanian company

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 770-778
Author(s):  
Raluca Badea
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Core Element ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Abstract In an environment where the shift from knowledge to social economy forces the company to identify a new sustainable approach to attire, motivate and retain employees, partners and shareholders, social capital and its elements seem to be the key. The focus of the article is to prove the contribution that trust, in its entirety, as primary component of the social capital, has on the organizational performance of the company. The centric piece of the paper is based on a quantitative research conducted in a medium size IT company and it is designed to support the hypotheses per which a high level of trust will positively influence the overall business results. Regardless if it’s societal trust, market trust, relationship trust or selftrust, the respondents are requested to assess its multiple dimensions as these are translated into the company’s principles and values, the leaders’ strategy to improve the life of the shareholders, the company’s brands and their impact on the consumers, the relationship between individual and his/her peers and managers, as well as the individual’s aspirational behavior to be a trusted colleague/employee. Analyzing the results of the questionnaire, trust as core element of the social capital appears to be a main factor that drives the competitive advantage, designed to boost the employees’ energy, increase the sustainability for the company, irreversibly gain the confidence of stakeholders and eventually act a catalyst for the individual and organizational performance. The in-progress results of this paper represent significant key findings that trigger a more advance research, at a larger scale, by evaluating other companies, with similar employees’ profile to confirm the magnitude of this influence and convince the business leaders to continue supporting the creation and leverage of social capital in general and strive to generate, build and maintain trust as a must have asset.

scholarly journals Geographical aspects of development of regional center Aktobe

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Zharas Berdenov ◽  
Nargiz Nurtazina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Local History ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

This article considers the social and economic situation of the Aktobe region as well as discusses the prospect of industrialization growth. The paper presents a SWOT-analysis that determines strengths and weaknesses of the development of the Aktobe agglomeration. The results can be used by school teachers in teaching a special course in local history, in the activities of architecture department, in the akimat for planning the economic development of the city. In the course of the study, a differentiated assessment of social and economic factors of the Aktobe city was provided.

scholarly journals Influências do capital social na formação do circo contemporâneo canadense: um estudo na Cidade de Montréal, Canadá

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-128
Author(s):  
Josiane Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Cristiane Marques de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Professional Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Practices ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
The City ◽  
Gain Access

Resumo: O objetivo com este artigo foi discutir as influências do capital social na constituição do campo organizacional do circo contemporâneo no Canadá. Para tanto, considera-se capital social como um conjunto de normas, redes e organizações por meio das quais os indivíduos obtêm acesso a poder e recursos para a tomada de decisão e formulação de políticas. Entende-se que a importância deste trabalho se encontra na relevância do estudo de organizações circenses, pela articulação entre as práticas culturais e econômicas que ocorrem em seu processo organizativo, especialmente no contexto canadense que se configura como referência mundial do campo do circo contemporâneo e ainda pouco estudado na área de Administração, especialmente no contexto canadense que se configura como referência mundial do campo do circo contemporâneo e ainda pouco estudado na área de Administração. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Cidade de Montréal, província de Québec, Canadá, em 2013. Foram entrevistados gestores das três organizações que atuam na regulamentação e disseminação das artes no circo canadense, e de oito das maiores companhias circenses contemporâneas. Os resultados indicam que trabalhar em grandes companhias circenses é um dos meios de constituir o capital social, possibilitando a formação, acesso a redes de profissionais e possíveis parceiros de trabalho. O capital social possibilita a articulação dos artistas em organizações para produzir vias alternativas de acesso a recursos financeiros e a participação em editais públicos de fomento. Uma das contribuições do estudo está nas evidências empíricas, quando da incorporação das práticas de gestão às práticas artísticas circenses.Palavras-chave: Capital social. Campo organizacional. Organizações circenses. Canadá. Artistas. Influences of social capital in the constitution of contemporary circus canadian: a study in Montréal City, Canada Abstract: The purpose of this article is to discuss the influences of social capital in the constitution of organizational contemporary circus field in Canada. Therefore, we consider social capital as a set of rules, networks and organizations through which individuals gain access to power and resources for decision-making and policy formulation. We understand that the importance of this work in the relevance of the study of circus organizations, by the articulation between cultural and economic practices that occur in their organizational process, especially in the Canadian context that is configured as a world reference of the field of contemporary circus and still little studied in the area of Administration. The research was conducted in the City of Montréal, province of Québec, Canada, in 2013. We interviewed managers of the three organizations operating in regulation and dissemination of the arts in Canadian circus, and of eight major contemporary circus companies. The results indicate that work on major circus companies is one way to establish the capital, enabling training, access to professional network of the area and potential working partners. The social capital enables the articulation of artists in organizations to produce alternative ways of access to financial resources and participation in public tenders for development. One of the contributions of the study is in the empirical evidences, when incorporating the practices of management to the artistic practices circenses.Keywords: Social capital. Organizational field. Circus organizations. Canada. Artists.

Features of social and economic development of the city of Ganja in the post-Soviet period

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Vyusalya Chingiz kyzy Babaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Tourism Services ◽  
The City ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article deals with the issues of socio-economic development of Ganja as one of the major cities of Azerbaijan and the main directions of local social policy related to the social problems of post-Soviet development. It is determined that there are positive changes in the improvement of the city, the expansion of its administrative borders, consistency in addressing issues of enhancing the quality of education and health, the development of tourism, services, and social assistance to vulnerable segments of the population. Meanwhile, the issues of providing jobs for various segments of the population, improving infrastructure, and regulating internal migration, including one as a result of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, are still to be resolved.

scholarly journals Differences in selected areas of social capital regarding residence

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Angela Almasiova ◽  
Katarina Kohutova ◽  
Zuzana Gejdosova
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Introduction. In addition to a massive increase in interest in the concept of social capital in the social sciences, the research has shown its considerable impact on various areas of human life. OECD points to the correlation between social capital and health and points out that social isolation is associated with misery and disease. Aim. The contribution aims at pointing out the differences in selected indicators of social capital, focusing on the participation and social involvement of respondents in their place of residence. Results. Quantitative research was conducted using the questionnaire method, which was compiled from the Social Capital Question Bank database, covered by the UK Statistical Office. Result Cluster analysis divided respondents into those with higher and lower social capital, and comparative analysis showed significant differences in selected indicators of social capital between urban and rural respondents. Conclusions. Respondents from cities and rural areas differ in the level of social capital in our areas of interest: Participation or involvement in local groups, Political activity or voting, Taking positive action about a local issue, Participation in religious activity, Completed or received a practical favour, Familiarity with neighbourhood, Provide regular service, help or care for others.

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