scholarly journals Media and Preschool Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Mateja Rek ◽  
Andrej Kovačič
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Children's Media ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
The Media ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Media Habits

The authors conducted a survey with a nationally representative sample of Slovene parents of 1- to 6-year-old children, collecting parental opinions about their and their children’s media habits. The survey also collected the data about parents’ behaviour in terms of educating their children about the media as well as the data regarding parents’ opinions about positive and negative effects of the media on their children. The authors established that role modelling is crucial in developing children’s media habits. Statistically, parents’ own media habits significantly affect media exposure of their children and their opinion about what an appropriate daily screen limit for their children is. The extent to which parents are exposed to the media as well as the level of their formal education have a statistically significant impact on parents’ behaviour in terms of educating their children about the media and on their opinion about the influence of the media on their children.

scholarly journals Sociological analysis of Montenegrin teachers’ digital capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Cortoni ◽  
Jelena Perovic
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Children's Media ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Digital Pedagogy ◽  
Digital Competencies ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Digital Capital

Starting with the concept of digital capital in social sciences, this article presents the key findings of the “Global Kids Online” nationally representative survey of primary and high school teachers’ digital skills and practices that was conducted in Montenegro with Unicef’s support in 2018. Digital capital, as any other form of capital within Bourdieu’s perspective, has a sociological validity only in correlation with other forms of capital – such as economic, cultural and social – in a limited context and according to a multi-dimensional approach which goes from a macro- to a micro-social perspective (Pandolfini, 2016). This article identifies and discusses three perspectives of digital capital – macro, meso-social and micro – and their material (technologies, digital services and school experiments with devices) and non-material resources (digital competencies). Analysis of data from the Montenegrin research relating to this perspective shows that the daily practice of using digital technology in classrooms seems to be marginal, even though most teachers have access to the internet in their schools. Currently the majority of teachers are using the internet at school mostly just for checking information online. Their digital competencies are not generally advanced: on average, social and operational skills are the most developed, while their creative skills are least developed. Therefore, to support the development of children’s media literacy through formal education, further investments towards the strengthening of teachers’ digital competencies need to be made and the research shows that the demand for digital pedagogy courses already exists among most teachers. In other words, the Montenegrin research points to the need to invest more in education and experimentation related to the meso- and micro-social perspectives of digital capital.

The data on children’s media use: An interview with Michael Robb

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Rafael Heller
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Media Use ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Children's Media ◽  
Interview Research ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Habits ◽  
Research Director

Since 2003, nonprofit organization Common Sense Media has studied the ways in which kids are growing up in the digital age. In this interview, research director Michael Robb shares recent findings about the media habits of young children, tweens, and teens. While the news coverage of these issues tends to be hyperbolic and alarming, Robb explains, the evidence gives a more balanced picture of kids’ lives today.

scholarly journals Preschoolers’ and Mothers Dietary Practices and Compliance with the 24-h Movement Guidelines: Results of Oman’s National Nutrition Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8867
Author(s):  
Salima Almaamary ◽  
Saleh Al Shammakhi ◽  
Ibtisam Alghamari ◽  
Jana Jabbour ◽  
Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
National Nutrition Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Low Prevalence

Introduction: Little is known on the nutritional and lifestyle variables of preschool children in Oman. This study analyzed data of the 2017 Oman National Nutrition Survey to assess the prevalence and interrelationships between dietary and movement variables among preschool children, aged 2–5 years. Methods: Household visits of a nationally representative sample evaluated mothers and children’s dietary, sleep and physical activity practices; media exposure; and anthropometric and sociodemographic variables. Results: Dyads of mothers and pre-school children aged 2–5 years (n = 1771) were assessed. Childhood overweight/obesity was prevalent in 2% of the sample. Over 54% of children consumed sweetened items and/or French fries or chips at least once daily. Over 65% of children had fruits and/or vegetables once daily or less. Mothers had healthier dietary and movement habits compared to their offspring. Compliance with media exposure was the lowest among mothers and children. Multivariate regression revealed children’s increased sweet intake was the only significant predictor of excess weight in children. Conclusion: This study revealed a low prevalence of overweight/obesity among preschool children in Oman. Children had an acceptable compliance with sleeping recommendations, yet limited adherence to media exposure, activity, added sugar and fruits and vegetables guidelines.

scholarly journals Exploring the Spirit in U.S. Audiences: The Role of the Virtue of Transcendence in Inspiring Media Consumption

2019 ◽  
pp. 107769901989492
Author(s):  
Sophie H. Janicke-Bowles ◽  
Arthur A. Raney ◽  
Mary Beth Oliver ◽  
Katherine R. Dale ◽  
Robert P. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Nationally Representative

Little is yet known about audiences who routinely seek out media content that is inspirational in nature. The current study expands the research on inspirational media by utilizing a nationally representative sample of U.S. audiences ( n = 2,016) to explore relationships between inspiring media exposure, trait transcendence, and self-transcendent emotions. Results show that media content is a reliable source for everyday self-transcendent emotional experiences in U.S. audiences. These experiences are most frequently encountered by persons with high levels of trait spirituality and gratitude. The profile of U.S. audiences that seek out inspiring media is discussed.

scholarly journals Media Education in Slovene Preschools: A Review of Four Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateja Rek
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Media Education ◽  
Preschool Curriculum ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
The Media ◽  
Professional Capacity ◽  
The Eu

In Slovenia, the concept of media literacy has been integrated into the formal education system, including early childhood education. The Preschool Curriculum sets certain goals to be followed in educating preschoolchildren on media-related topics. Research done in other Member States of the EU points to the conclusion that the actual implementation and delivery of media education is both fragmented and inconsistent as well asdependent on the interests and motivation of individual preschool teachers. They are the ones who, in accordance with their professional capacity and autonomy, include the goals set in the curriculum into an actuallearning process in preschools, also determining the timing and manner of this. The aim of this article is to review, compare, and analyse the data from recent research on the media education of preschool children in Slovenia in order to better understand how preschool teachers in Slovenia assess their capacity to work with media as well as their media literacy levels, which media they use, and how the media education is conductedin the groups of preschool children. 

Through the Grapevine: Informational Consequences of Interpersonal Political Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAYLOR N. CARLSON
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Social Information ◽  
News Article ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Media ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Social Message

Much of the US public acquires political information socially. However, the consequences of acquiring information from others instead of the media are under-explored. I conduct a “telephone-game” experiment to examine how information changes as it flows from official reports to news outlets to other people, finding that social information is empirically different from news articles. In a second experiment on a nationally representative sample, I randomly assign participants to read a news article or a social message about that article generated in Study 1. Participants exposed to social information learned significantly less than participants who were exposed to the news article. However, individuals exposed to information from someone who is like-minded and knowledgeable learned the same objective facts as those who received information from the media. Although participants learned the same factual information from these ideal informants as they did from the media, they had different subjective evaluations.

scholarly journals Low district economic performance presents strong oral health determinant in preschool children: country level analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Vukovic ◽  
Ivan Soldatovic ◽  
Rade Vukovic ◽  
Tamara Peric ◽  
Guglielmo Campus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
World Health ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Untreated Caries ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background: Having in mind that macro level factors such as social, political and economic determinants strongly impact occurrence of chronic NCDs, it might be beneficial to enlarge scarce level of data on the influence of these factors on children’s oral health. The aim of the present study was to test association between macro level factors and oral health in a nationally representative sample of preschoolers involving all preschooler’s age groups from the beginning to compulsory Preschool Preparatory Program. Method: Oral health data derived from cross sectional study involving nationally representative sample of preschool children. Dependent, oral health variables included prevalence of primary teeth caries, untreated caries, and caries on permanent first molars. Data on macro level factors included regional information on economic, population, and healthcare factors: population density, density of physicians and dentists, district share in national gross domestic product (GDP), social and health care expenditures, local self-government budget, employment rate in public, private and agricultural sector. In order to have nationally representative sample we used stratified cluster sampling method proposed by World Health Organization. Results: Final sample included 1665 preschoolers aged 36 to 91 months. Observed prevalence of ECC was 57.8%. Of these, 90.4% had untreated caries. Furthermore, 11.1% of examined preschoolers already had lesions on permanent first molar. All ECC related oral health outcomes were statistically significantly associated with regional social economic indicators – poor oral health was more frequently observed in regions and districts with lower economic performance. Conclusions: The results of this study displayed first nationally representative data on prevalence of primary teeth caries in preschool children. Noteworthy findings confirmed highly statistically significant association of economic macro level factors with prevalence of primary teeth caries, untreated caries, and caries on permanent first molars. Upstream preventive interventions especially targeted at population living in districts with lower economic indicators might seem as most appropriate strategy.

scholarly journals ADOLESCENTS' PREFERENCES FOR MEDIA CONTENT AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF DOMINANT VALUE ORIENTATIONS IN THE MEDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Bisera Jevtić ◽  
Danijela Milošević
Keyword(s):  
Media Literacy ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Students ◽  
Television Content ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Media Habits ◽  
Media Preferences

Today, the media represent one of the main factors in the upbringing and education of adolescents due to the growing representation, availability of diverse content and more frequent use. In adolescence, the media have a special significance, because they greatly influence the preferences, attitudes, emotions, behavior, value orientations and the formation of adolescents' identities. Starting from such an attitude, the preferences of upper-secondary school students for monitoring media content and their perceptions of value orientations that are promoted through the media were examined through the aim of the research. The media habits of adolescents and their perceptions of the value system in the media were determined through the survey technique. The study included 433 students from the Republic of Serbia. The results showed that there are significant differences in the preferences of adolescents in the choice of media content in relation to gender and type of school. A positive correlation was found in the monitoring of certain television content and values in the media, as well as in relation to musical affinities and values that are promoted through music videos. The results of research point out potential proposals for improving the media culture of adolescents and reducing the negative effects of the media. It is recognized as a potential solution in the development of media literacy of adolescents, i.e., the affirmation of their critical opinion about the messages and values that are promoted through the media. Keywords: media literacy, media values, students' media preferences, students' perception, value orientations

The More Control, the Better?

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeeyun Oh ◽  
Mun-Young Chung ◽  
Sangyong Han
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Design ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Story Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High User ◽  
User Control ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Despite of the popularity of interactive movie trailers, rigorous research on one of the most apparent features of these interfaces – the level of user control – has been scarce. This study explored the effects of user control on users’ immersion and enjoyment of the movie trailers, moderated by the content type. We conducted a 2 (high user control versus low user control) × 2 (drama film trailer versus documentary film trailer) mixed-design factorial experiment. The results showed that the level of user control over movie trailer interfaces decreased users’ immersion when the trailer had an element of traditional story structure, such as a drama film trailer. Participants in the high user control condition answered that they were less fascinated with, absorbed in, focused on, mentally involved with, and emotionally affected by the movie trailer than participants in the low user control condition only with the drama movie trailer. The negative effects of user control on the level of immersion for the drama trailer translated into users’ enjoyment. The impact of user control over interfaces on immersion and enjoyment varies depending on the nature of the media content, which suggests a possible trade-off between the level of user control and entertainment outcomes.

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