scholarly journals Development of a methodology to study the expenditures of working time in a research library

Bibliosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Far Eastern

The key task of each library is to ensure its high performance. Under the conditions of limited economic resources, the rational use, first of all, of labor resources, is of particular importance. The study of the working time of library specialists allows the solvation of a set of issues related to the organization and rationing of their work. However, this type of research is conducted in libraries rather rarely. Problems of studying the working hours of specialists and employees remain without due attention. The existing methods have been developed and are intended primarily for industrial production and the study of workers’ labor. Libraries have to adapt them basing on their goals, tasks, and capabilities. The purpose of the article is to present the results of the development and testing of an original methodology to study the expenditures of working time of specialists in order to normalize labor in the Far Eastern state research library (DVGNB).The author compares the methods of data obtaining, evaluates the possibility of using different types of observation in library, and justifies the choice of the photo-timing method. The main attention is paid to the technology of observation. The main points of the preparatory stage are described in detail and that of processing the obtained data. As a result, the methodology to study the expenditures of working time and labor processes is tested, and it can be used in library practice to determine the structure of production activities and time for their implementation, to rationalize techniques and methods of work, to identify reasons for non-compliance of targets, unsustainable expenditures and loss of working time, to determine quantitative characteristics of personnel potential, etc.

Marks of Ownership of Russian Far Eastern Book Collectors in the Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-320
Author(s):  
Natalya V. Radishauskayte
Keyword(s):  
Research Library ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
State Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Collectors ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The Russian pre-revolutionary book features many various provenance marks including marks of ownership. Such marks indicate that a particular item belongs to a particular owner. They can have forms of supralibros (or super ex-libris), ex-libris (or bookplates), book stamps, signatures and inscriptions. There are also “non-specific” ownership stamps and labels, which do not have indications of their book nature (such as phrases “from the books/library of...”, “ex-libris…”) and can be used on any objects. Usually these are word rubber stamps (rarely — labels) with a text consisting of a book owner’s name and occasionally some additional information (such as an owner’s address, title, etc.). In Russia, bibliophiles and bibliologists have been studying bookplates for about two centuries. However, there are still many blank spots in the history of the Russian bookplate. Regional book ownership marks are mostly unexplored. This article presents an attempt to describe and analyse book ownership marks of the Russian Far Eastern book owners. Studying of library holdings of 13 regional institutions and conducting bibliographic research allowed revealing 58 local marks of ownership (excluding signatures and inscriptions) that belonged to 23 local book collectors of the pre-revolutionary period. The study showed that they used all types of marks from supralibros to inscriptions, but mostly preferred the “non-specific” book stamps and super ex-libris. There was also established that the bookplate labels were particularly rare — the author discovered the only specimen in the Far Eastern State Research Library. The predominance of book stamps as marks of ownership can be explained by their multipurposeness, cheapness and easiness of manufacturing. Far Eastern book owners frequently used two or three different types of marks together on one book, for example, book stamp and supralibros, inscription and book stamp or supralibros and inscription, etc. Often one collector used several different stamps or supralibros: almost 40% of book collectors had two or three marks of ownership. At the same time, 11 of 23 book owners additionally marked their books with the inscriptions.

Modeling of Regional Collection: the Conceptual Approach (from the Experience of the Far Eastern State Research Library)

2010 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Nadezhda K. Lutova ◽  
Aleksandra N. Oreshkina
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
State Research ◽  
Far Eastern

The article focuses on a process of regional collection modeling in the central library of the Khabarovsk Territory. A variety of models were tried out: descriptive, mathematical, structural and bibliographical. The authors make an attempt to develop a conceptual model and describe ways to optimize the processes of regional holdings development.

The number of employed as a macroeconomic indicator of working time dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 935-945
Author(s):  
I.A. Zaikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicator

Subject. The working time of workers at any stage of economic development is a value reflecting the level of labor productivity. Any progress in productivity contributes to changes in the volume of labor costs and the number of employed. Depending on the relationship between the total volume of labor costs and the number of employed, the duration of working time per one worker may change (it may increase, decrease, or remain unchanged). Objectives. The study aims to confirm the importance of such a macroeconomic indicator as the number of employed in varying working hours. Methods. The study rests on the comparative analysis of countries with developed economies based on some indicators like dynamics of the working time fund, dynamics of the number of employed, average number of hours worked during the year per employee, etc. The analyzed timespan is 25 years (from 1991 to 2016). Results. The comparative analysis revealed that in the non-production sphere and the economy as a whole the macroeconomic determinants correlate so that the length of working time per worker reduces. When considering the analysis results for the manufacturing sector, no single trend was identified. Conclusions. One of the key factors affecting the change in working hours is the number of employed. The relationship between the working time fund and the number of employed directly determines the dynamics of working time per worker.

Scientific and Informational Almanac about Libraries, Publishing Houses and Higher Educational Institutions

2010 ◽  
pp. 122-124
Author(s):  
Valerii P. Leonov ◽  
Mariya G. Bokan ◽  
Nina V. Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
State University ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Far Eastern

On the publishing of scientific and informational almanac «Power of a Book: Library. Publishing House. Institute of Higher Education» by Far Eastern State University.

Мониторинг показателей эффективности целевого приема в дальневосточном государственном медицинском университете

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Specialty Training ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Passing Score

The article analyzes the dynamics of the indicators of target enrollment and education at the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Far Eastern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia for the period from 2013 to 2018, a comparative assessment of the passing score for the places of targeted enrollment and the main places depending on the specialty (training direction) was made, average mark of a unified state exam (USE) was analyzed; the agreements on targeted training with the assessment of measures of social support were analyzed, as well as proposals were formulated to improve the activities of targeted training of medical personnel.

Socio-Economic Analysis of the Proposal to Switch to a Four-Day Working Week in Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
R. A. Lugovskoy ◽  
E. V. Mikhaylov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
The Russian Federation

The presented study analyzes the proposal of the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation D. A. Medvedev to switch to a four-day working week. In the context of the topic, the experience of dealing with this issue is examined, including international practices. A similar proposal was discussed by I.V. Stalin as far back as Soviet times, although in the context of switching to five- or six-hour working days, but only in 2019 did this issue become the subject of debate. In light of the pension reform, which has led to an increase in the retirement age in Russia, a number of experts believe that such proposals may entail potential changes that could have a negative effect on the situation of workers. This study examines the mechanisms of public administration in coordination with enterprises relating to changes in the working hours.Aim. The authors aim to analyze potential directions for the improvement of public administration in the field of labor legislation, which has a significant impact on the development of the economy, business, and the situation of workers.Tasks. This study determines the historical background of Russia’s switch to a four-day working week; examines the legal mechanisms and specific features of labor legislation in Russia in the context of the planned switch to a four-day working week; explores international practices in the field of regulation of working hours; analyzes the benefits and drawbacks of switching to a four-day working week in Russia; develops proposals associated with Russia’s switch to a four-day working week.Methods. The methodological basis for the consideration of the problems includes general scientific methods, systems, structural, functional, and institutional analysis.Results. The ongoing processes in the field of improvement of labor legislation and its impact on the economy, business, and the situation of workers are comprehensively analyzed. The historical background of Russia’s switch to a four-day working week is determined; fundamentals of Russian labor legislation are examined; benefits and drawbacks of the potential innovations in the field of regulation of working hours are identified with allowance for international practices. The authors formulate proposals, the implementation of which will bring Russia closer to the switch to a four-day working week.Conclusions. The proposals of the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation to switch to a four-day working week has raised a lot of questions. For instance, it is unclear whether the current wages will be maintained. It is also questionable whether it is a step towards artificially reducing unemployment, in which fields this idea is likely to manifest itself first, and so on. These questions need to be thoroughly discussed by the representatives of the Government of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, trade unions, and the scientific community. It is necessary to conduct a sociological survey to determine and prevent concerns among citizens about the upcoming changes. That said, the authors believe that the idea itself is conceptually correct, but it still valid to doubt whether it can be successfully implemented at the time of capitalism, when entrepreneurs focus on profit and are not interested in reducing the working time of their employees. According to the authors, the plans of I.V. Stalin to reduce working time could faster come into fruition with the socialist economic model, which facilitated innovations in the machine tool industry that would boost GDP growth and significantly reduce production costs. Assessing the prospects of development of this idea at the present stage is difficult.

LEGAL REGULATION OF WORKING HOURS: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Тамила Магомедовна Нинциева
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Working Time

В представленной статье рассматриваются исторические особенности развития правового регулирования рабочего времени, анализируются отдельные нормативные акты, регулирующий данный вопрос. This article discusses the historical features of the development of legal regulation of working time, analyzes individual regulatory acts governing this issue.

scholarly journals Boundaryless working hours and recovery in Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vieten ◽  
Anne Marit Wöhrmann ◽  
Alexandra Michel
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Overtime Work ◽  
Psychological Detachment ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Recovery Experiences ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control ◽  
Extended Work

Abstract Objective Due to recent trends such as globalization and digitalization, more and more employees tend to have flexible working time arrangements, including boundaryless working hours. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of various aspects of boundaryless working hours (overtime, Sunday work, and extended work availability) with employees’ state of recovery. Besides, we examined the mediating and moderating role of recovery experiences (psychological detachment, relaxation, mastery, and control) in these relationships. Methods We used data from 8586 employees (48% women; average age of 48 years) who took part in the 2017 BAuA-Working Time Survey, a representative study of the German working population. Regression analyses were conducted to test main effects as well as mediation and moderation. Results Overtime work, Sunday work, and extended work availability were negatively related to state of recovery. Psychological detachment mediated these relationships. Furthermore, we found that relaxation and control mediated the association between extended work availability and state of recovery. However, no relevant moderating effects were found. Conclusions Altogether, our findings indicate that various aspects of boundaryless working hours pose a risk to employees’ state of recovery and that especially psychological detachment is a potential mechanism in these relationships. In addition, the results suggest that a high level of recovery experiences cannot attenuate these negative relationships in leisure time. Therefore, employers and employees alike should try to avoid or minimize boundaryless working hours.

scholarly journals Multiple objects tracking in the UAV system based on hierarchical deep high-resolution network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Huang ◽  
Xiaoshu Zhou ◽  
Mingchao Dong ◽  
Huaiyu Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Object Tracking ◽  
High Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Class Imbalance ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Tracking Process ◽  
Objects Tracking ◽  
Different Types

AbstractRobust and high-performance visual multi-object tracking is a big challenge in computer vision, especially in a drone scenario. In this paper, an online Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) approach in the UAV system is proposed to handle small target detections and class imbalance challenges, which integrates the merits of deep high-resolution representation network and data association method in a unified framework. Specifically, while applying tracking-by-detection architecture to our tracking framework, a Hierarchical Deep High-resolution network (HDHNet) is proposed, which encourages the model to handle different types and scales of targets, and extract more effective and comprehensive features during online learning. After that, the extracted features are fed into different prediction networks for interesting targets recognition. Besides, an adjustable fusion loss function is proposed by combining focal loss and GIoU loss to solve the problems of class imbalance and hard samples. During the tracking process, these detection results are applied to an improved DeepSORT MOT algorithm in each frame, which is available to make full use of the target appearance features to match one by one on a practical basis. The experimental results on the VisDrone2019 MOT benchmark show that the proposed UAV MOT system achieves the highest accuracy and the best robustness compared with state-of-the-art methods.

Bejan’s Constructal Theory Analysis of Gas-Liquid Cooled Finned Modules

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Lorenzini ◽  
Simone Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Constructal Theory ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Overall Performance

High performance heat exchangers represent nowadays the key of success to go on with the trend of miniaturizing electronic components as requested by the industry. This numerical study, based on Bejan’s Constructal theory, analyzes the thermal behavior of heat removing fin modules, comparing their performances when operating with different types of fluids. In particular, the simulations involve air and water (as representative of gases and liquids), to understand the actual benefits of employing a less heat conductive fluid involving smaller pressure losses or vice versa. The analysis parameters typical of a Constructal description (such as conductance or Overall Performance Coefficient) show that significantly improved performances may be achieved when using water, even if an unavoidable increase in pressure losses affects the liquid-refrigerated case. Considering the overall performance: if the parameter called Relevance tends to 0, air prevails; if it tends to 1, water prevails; if its value is about 0.5, water prevails in most of the case studies.

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