Modulation of Gut Microbiota of Overweight Mice by Agavins and Their Association with Body Weight Loss

Agavins consumption has lead to accelerate body weight loss in mice. We investigated the changes on cecal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) associated to body weight loss in overweight mice. Firstly, mice were fed with standard (ST5) or high fat (HF5) diet for 5 weeks. Secondly, overweight mice were shifted to standard diet alone (HF-ST10) or supplemented with agavins (HF-ST+A10) or oligofructose (HF-ST+O10), five more weeks. Cecal contents were collected before and after supplementation to determine microbiota and SCFA concentrations. At the end of first phase, HF5 mice showed a significant increase of body weight, which was associated with reduction of cecal microbiota diversity (PD whole tree; non-parametric t-test, P < 0.05), increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced SCFA concentrations (t-test, P < 0.05). After diet shifted, HF-ST10 normalized its microbiota, increase its diversity and SCFA levels, whereas agavins (HF-ST+A10) or oligofructose (HF-ST+O10) led to partial microbiota restoration, with normalization of the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio as well as higher SCFA levels (P < 0.1). Moreover, agavins noticeably enriched Klebsiella and Citrobacter (LDA > 3.0); this enrichment has not been reported previously under a prebiotic treatment. In conclusion, agavins or oligofructose modulated cecal microbiota composition, reduced extent of diversity and increased SCFA. Furthermore, identification of bacteria enriched by agavins, opens opportunities to explore new probiotics.

Download Full-text

Modulation of Gut Microbiota of Overweight Mice by Agavins and Their Association with Body Weight Loss

10.20944/preprints201707.0026.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Alicia Huazano-García ◽

Hakdong Shin ◽

Mercedes G. López

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

T Test ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Before And After ◽

Identification Of Bacteria ◽

Cecal Microbiota ◽

Accelerate Body

Agavins consumption has lead to accelerate body weight loss in mice. We investigated the changes on cecal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) associated to body weight loss in overweight mice. Firstly, mice were fed with standard (ST5) or high fat (HF5) diet for 5 weeks. Secondly, overweight mice were shifted to standard diet alone (HF-ST10) or supplemented with agavins (HF-ST+A10) or oligofructose (HF-ST+O10), five more weeks. Cecal contents were collected before and after supplementation to determine microbiota and SCFA concentrations. At the end of first phase, HF5 mice showed a significant increase of body weight, which was associated with reduction of cecal microbiota diversity (PD whole tree; non-parametric t-test, P < 0.05), increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced SCFA concentrations (t-test, P < 0.05). After diet shifted, HF-ST10 normalized its microbiota, increase its diversity and SCFA levels, whereas agavins (HF-ST+A10) or oligofructose (HF-ST+O10) led to partial microbiota restoration, with normalization of the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio as well as higher SCFA levels (P < 0.1). Moreover, agavins noticeably enriched Klebsiella and Citrobacter (LDA > 3.0), which have not been reported previously under a prebiotic treatment. In conclusion, agavins or oligofructose modulated cecal microbiota composition, reduced extent of diversity and increased SCFA. Furthermore, identification of bacteria enriched by agavins, opens opportunities to explore new probiotics.

Download Full-text

Determinants favoring weight regain after weight-loss therapy among postmenopausal women

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74302-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joanna Bajerska ◽

Agata Chmurzynska ◽

Agata Muzsik-Kazimierska ◽

Edyta Mądry ◽

Beata Pięta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Weight Regain ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Point Of View ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Before And After

Abstract Little is known about the factors affecting body weight-loss maintenance among postmenopausal women. We thus performed an analysis to identify some sociodemographic, physiological, and behavioral predictors of weight regain in a targeted subpopulation of women who had lost weight 1 year earlier. We also measured how eating behaviors and habits as well as physical activity pattern differ among successful and unsuccessful weight-loss maintainers over the trial. Sixty-four postmenopausal women were followed up for a year after dieting, and the successful and unsuccessful maintainers were identified. The regainers had regained an average of 4.9 kg of their lost body weight, while the maintainers had regained only 1.5 kg. Regainers had fewer years of education and lower initial body weight loss than maintainers. They also showed poor dietary adherence during dieting, and had unhealthy patterns of eating involving the avoidance of breakfast and a lower intake of nuts, seeds, and pulses, and a higher intake of sweets, biscuits, cakes, and pastries over time (excluding the dieting period). All the significant sociodemographic, physiological and behavioral variables differentiating regainers and maintainers before and after dieting were then examined as independent variables in a logistic regression model. The model showed that less weight reduction during dieting, higher disinhibition scores after dieting, and avoidance of breakfast before dieting were significant predictors of body weight regain in postmenopausal women. From a practical point of view, early identification of postmenopausal women who are at risk of regaining lost weight can allow health professionals to create behavioral and dietary supports to help prevent this. A regular schedule of follow-ups over at least the first year should be considered for them—including psychological and dietary intervention, if necessary. Since this sample study included only postmenopausal women, our findings are not generalizable to other populations.

Download Full-text

Respon Fisiologis dan Penyusutan Bobot Badan Domba Lokal Jantan terhadap Transportasi dengan Posisi Berbeda dalam Kendaraan

Jurnal Agripet ◽

10.17969/agripet.v19i2.14877 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 113-121

Author(s):

Lendrawati Lendrawati ◽

Rudi Priyanto ◽

Mohamad Yamin ◽

Anuraga Jayanegara ◽

Wasmen Manalu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Rectal Temperature ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Density Level ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Before And After ◽

Two Factors ◽

Lying Down

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respon fisiologis dan penyusutan bobot badan domba lokal jantan terhadap transportasi dengan posisi yang berbeda pada kendaraan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor domba lokal jantan yang berumur 8-10 bulan dengan rataan bobot badan 16,11 ± 2,27 kg. Penelitian ini menggunkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dua faktor dengan 5 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah: posisi domba di kendaraan terdiri dari: posisi berdiri dan berbaring. Faktor kedua adalah waktu pengambilan sampel yaitu: sebelum dan setelah transportasi. Semua domba perlakuan diangkut dalam satu mobil Pick up selama 8 jam perjalanan dengan tingkat kepadatan yang sama yaitu 0,27 m2/ekor. Data bobot badan, suhu rektal, laju respirasi, denyut nadi, hormon kortisol, glukosa, kreatinin, hemoglobin dan hematokrit dikumpulkan sebelum dan setelah transportasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata (P0,05) antara posisi domba dikendaraan dengan waktu pengambilan sampel pada semua parameter (kecuali denyut nadi). Penempatan domba dengan posisi berdiri dan berbaring selama 8 jam transportasi memperlihatkan respon yang sama terhadap penyusutan bobot badan, suhu rektal, laju pernapasan, hormon kortisol, konsentrasi glukosa, kreatinin, hemoglobin dan hematokrit. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penempatan dengan posisi berdiri dan berbaring di kendaraan selama 8 jam transportasi memperlihatkan respon fisiologis dan penyusutan bobot badan yang sama pada domba lokal jantan. (Physiological responses and body weight loss of male local sheep during transportation with different position on the vehicle) ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological responses and body weight loss of males local sheep to transportation with different positions on the vehicle. Ten males sheep with 16.11±2.27 kg of body weight and 8-10 months in aged were used in this study. Completely Randomized Design with two factors was used in this study. The first factor was positions on the vehicle (standing and lying down) and the second factors was sampling times (before and after transportation). All of sheep were transported in one Pick up (Mitsubishi L 300) for 8 hours with similar of density level of 0,27 m2/head. Data on body weight, rectal temperature, respiration rate, pulse, cortisol, glucose, creatinine, hemoglobin and hematocrit were collected before and after transportation. Results showed there was no significant interaction (P 0.05) between the position of the sheep in the vehicle with the time of sampling in all parameters (except pulse rate). Placing of sheep with standing and lying down position for 8 hours of transportation showed the same responses for body weight loss, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, cortisol level, glucose concentration, creatinine, hemoglobin and hematocrit. Based on those findings, it can be concluded that standing and lying position in the vehicle for 8 hours of transportation shows the similar effect on the physiological responses and body weight loss of local male sheeps.

Download Full-text

Sargassum crasifolium Extract Could Prevent the Decrese in the Thyroxine Hormone and the Body Weight Loss of Javanese Randu Goats during Transportation

Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22146/jfps.850 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 335-343

Author(s):

Claude Mona Airin ◽

Amelia Hana ◽

Sarmin ◽

Pudji Astuti ◽

Amir Husni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Vitamin B1 ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Before And After ◽

Group Ii

Thyroxine hormone (T4) was one of the hormones related to metabolism rate. Animal transportation could be stressor interfering metabolism. Sargassum crasifoium was one of brown algae species that contained some important nutrients and also flavonoids. The study aimed at finding out the effect of the Sargassum on the decrase in thyroxine hormone and body weight loss. It used 9 Javanese Randu goats that were classified into 3 treatment groups. Group I served as control, Group II was treated with 450 mg/kg BW of Sargassum estract and Group III was treated with vitamin B1. All of the goats were transported for 12 hours using pickup truck at the speed of 60 km/hour. Blood samples were drawn before the transportation, during loading, 6 hours after the transportation and at the end of the transportation, while the body weight of the goats was weighed before and after the transportation. The results of the study showed that the T4 hormone decreased in the Group I and increased in the Group III during the transportation, while it was stable in the Group II. The biggest percentage of the body weight loss took place to the Group III (0.13%), while the smallest percentage took place to the Group II (0.063%). Statistical analysis showed that the Sargassum extract did not have any significant effect (p>0.05) on both the thyroxine hormone and the body weight loss during the transportation. Based on the results of the study it could be concluded that the Sargassum extract could stabilize the thyroxine hormone during the transportation so that it could prevent the body weight loss

Download Full-text

Effect of heat exposure on the thermoregulatory responses of selected naked neck chickens

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s0102-09352002000100006 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 35-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C.M. Mazzi ◽

M.I.T. Ferro ◽

A.A.D. Coelho ◽

V.J.M. Savino ◽

M. Macari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Exposure ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

The Other ◽

Naked Neck ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Slight Advantage

The variation in cloacal temperature, body weight loss and expression of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) in three naked neck broiler genotypes during heat stress were studied. Twelve birds of each genotype (Na/Na, Na/na and na/na) were reared to market weight (approximately 2.1kg) at thermoneutral temperature. Six birds from each group served as controls and the remaining six underwent gradual heat stress (from 28ºC to 36ºC). Cloacal temperature and body weight were measured before and after exposure to heat. Liver samples were collected and Hsp70 levels were quantified using western blotting with monoclonal anti-chicken Hsp70 antibody. Heterozygous (Na/na) birds had a significantly lower cloacal temperature variation and less body weight loss during heat stress than the other genotypes. There was no significant difference in the Hsp70 levels among the genotypes. Heterozygous birds (Na/na) appeared to have a slight advantage over the other genotypes during gradual heat stress, perhaps because of a heterotic effect.

Download Full-text

Effect of bariatric surgery on plasma GDF15 in humans

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00010.2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 316 (4) ◽

pp. E615-E621 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maximilian Kleinert ◽

Kirstine N. Bojsen-Møller ◽

Nils B. Jørgensen ◽

Maria S. Svane ◽

Christoffer Martinussen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽

Obesity And Diabetes ◽

Before And After ◽

Marked Body

Bariatric surgery results in marked body weight loss and improves type 2 diabetes in most patients with obesity. The growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has recently emerged as a novel satiety factor. To begin to understand whether GDF15 is involved in mediating the effects of bariatric surgery on body weight and glycemia in humans, we measured plasma GDF15 in patients with obesity ( n = 25) and in patients with obesity and diabetes ( n = 22) before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. GDF15 was increased 1 wk after RYGB compared with before surgery (689 ± 45 vs. 487 ± 28 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and GDF15 remained elevated at 3 mo (554 ± 37 pg/ml, P < 0.05), at 1 yr (566 ± 37 pg/ml, P < 0.05), and at 2.5–4 yr (630 ± 50 pg/ml, P < 0.001) after RYGB surgery. Both age and insulin sensitivity correlated with GDF15 before the surgery ( r = 0.46, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.34, P < 0.001, respectively). These correlations disappeared at 2.5–4 yr following the surgery. Conversely, weight loss magnitude correlated with GDF15, measured 2.5–4 yr postsurgery ( r = 0.21, P < 0.0055). In summary, circulating GDF15 increases and correlates with body weight loss following RYGB surgery.

Download Full-text