scholarly journals Application of Biochar to the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Solutions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosaria Boni ◽  
Agostina Chiavola ◽  
Simone Marzeddu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The BIOTON® biochar, produced by a wood biomass pyrolysis process, usually applied as a soil amendment, was investigated for a novel application, i.e. the adsorption of lead from contaminated solutions. The experimental activity firstly included the physical-chemical characterization of BIOTON®; SEM images were also obtained to highlight its internal structure. The adsorption process was investigated through batch and column experiments. Adsorption kinetics showed a very rapid achievement of the equilibrium conditions, i.e. at 2h and 4h for 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L initial Pb concentration, respectively. Complete removal also occurred within the same time. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller model better fitted the equilibrium data for both Pb concentrations, whereas the kinetics were best represented by the pseudo second order model. The column tests showed that the addition of biochar as adsorbent media within the bed significantly extended the time of breakthrough and exhaustion, with respect to the column filled with soil only. The adsorption capacities of BIOTON® versus lead solutions was found to be comparable to that reported for commercial adsorbents. Therefore, BIOTON® can be considered a valid option, with the additional benefit to reduce the environmental impact since allows to recover a residue which alternately would need to be disposed of.

scholarly journals Application of Biochar to the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Boni ◽  
Agostina Chiavola ◽  
Simone Marzeddu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Physical And Chemical

BIOTON® biochar, produced by a wood biomass pyrolysis process, which is usually applied as soil amendment, was investigated for a novel application, i.e., the adsorption of lead from contaminated solutions. The experimental activity included physical and chemical characterization of BIOTON®; and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images to highlight its internal structure. The adsorption process was investigated through batch and column experiments. Adsorption kinetics showed very rapid achievement of equilibrium conditions, i.e., 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L initial Pb concentration at 2 h and 4 h, respectively. Complete removal also occurred within the same time. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller model was a better fit for the equilibrium data of both Pb concentrations, whereas the kinetics were best represented by the pseudo second-order model. Column tests showed that the addition of biochar as an adsorbent media within the bed significantly extended the time of breakthrough and exhaustion, with respect to the column filled with soil only. The values found for the adsorption capacity of BIOTON®- versus lead-containing solutions were comparable to those reported for commercial adsorbents. Therefore, BIOTON® can be considered a valid option: It also offers the additional benefit of allowing the recovery of a residue, which alternately would need to be disposed of.

scholarly journals High Removal Efficiency of Diatomite-Based X Zeolite for Cu2+ and Zn2+

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6525
Author(s):  
Guangyuan Yao ◽  
Yuqiang Liu ◽  
Shuilin Zheng ◽  
Ya Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Interface Properties ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
X Zeolite ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

Diatomite-based X zeolite was obtained and its crystallinity, morphology, and interface properties were investigated by XRD, BET, SEM, EDS, and XRF. The obtained X zeolite possessed a unique meso-microporous structure and showed good ion exchange properties for Cu2+ and Zn2+. The pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model can best describe the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of Cu2+ and Zn2+, respectively. The maximal adsorption capacities of X zeolite for Cu2+ and Zn2+ were 146 and 195 mg/g at 323 K, respectively. Meanwhile, the adsorption process for Cu2+ and Zn2+ were chemical adsorption and ion exchange, respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption data turned out to be an endothermic and spontaneous process. Compared with other reported materials, the adsorption capacity of X zeolite synthesized from diatomite was among the highest. Therefore, it could be a promising adsorbent for the disposal of wastewater that contains metal ions.

scholarly journals Preparation of hydrogel reinforced with bentonite by gamma irradiation for metal absorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Tran To Uyen ◽  
Trinh Thi Tu Anh ◽  
Tamikazu Kume ◽  
Cao Dong Vu ◽  
Nguyen Minh Hiep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Dose Concentration ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Irradiation Technology

A natural-based sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrogel reinforced with bentonite was prepared by using gamma irradiation technology. This is a novel hydrogel that uses natural polymer to absorb metal ions in wastewater. The influence of dose, concentration of CMC and bentonite on the sorption of hydrogels was investigated by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) method. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite hydrogel for Cu2+ and Pb2+ were 181.82 mg/g and 204.08 mg/g at room temperature, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model which describes the adsorption process of Cu2+ and Pb2+ was also studied

Synthesis of carboxylated chitosan and its adsorption properties for cadmium (II), lead (II) and copper (II) from aqueous solutions

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Lv ◽  
Y. L. Du ◽  
C. M. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Kinetic Rates ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Exothermic Process ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Carboxylated chitosan (CKCTS) was prepared for the removal of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. The effects of experimental parameters such as pH value, initial concentration, contact time and temperature on the adsorption were studied. From the results we can see that the adsorption capacities of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) increase with increasing pH of the solution. The kinetic rates were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption equilibrium data were fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm, which revealed that the maximum adsorption capacities for monolayer saturation of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) were 0.555, 0.733 and 0.827 mmol/g, respectively. The adsorption was an exothermic process.

Preparation of quaternary ammonium–Chlorella vulgaris and its adsorption of Ag(CN)2−

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1437-1445
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Chencen Guo ◽  
Tonghui Xie ◽  
Chengxianyi Zhou ◽  
Yongkui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Measured Water

A novel anion exchange resin, quaternary ammonium–Chlorella vulgaris (QACV), was prepared by introducing quaternary ammonium groups onto dried Chlorella vulgaris as base material. Degrees of epoxy, amine and quaternary ammonium groups of QACV were measured. Water retention, optical microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry were used to characterize QAVC. The adsorption behavior of QACV towards Ag(CN)2− in different conditions was studied carefully. The results showed that QAVC was efficient to adsorb Ag(CN)2− at pH 9–11, and adsorption equilibrium was almost reached in 30 min. Both kinetics and isotherm parameters in the adsorption process were obtained. The data indicated that the pseudo-second-order model provided a good correlation for adsorption of Ag(CN)2− on QACV and the calculated rate constant of the adsorption was 3.51 g/(mmol min). The equilibrium data fitted well in the Langmuir isotherm and the estimated maximum adsorption capacity qm was 1.96 mmol/g. The dimensionless separation factor RL was between 0 and 1, suggesting that the adsorption process of Ag(CN)2− using QACV was favorable. The QACV could be used successively three times without significantly affecting its adsorption efficiency. Chlorella vulgaris was a potential base material to be modified with quaternary ammonium groups to prepare an adsorbent for adsorption of Ag(CN)2−.

Preparation and Characterization of Fe3O4@nSiO2@mSiO2–NH2 Core–Shell Microspheres for Extracting Allura Red from Aqueous Solution

NANO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (08) ◽  
pp. 1550122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desheng Xi ◽  
Xiaojuan Deng ◽  
Huijun Li ◽  
Pei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
High Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Order Model ◽  
External Magnet ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Allura red (AR) is a water-soluble synthetic colorant often used as an additive in the food industry, but excess AR can be harmful to human health. In this work, we report the development of a new removal method for AR by using amino-functionalized microspheres with Fe3O4 cores and twolayer shells composed of SiO2 particles and perpendicularly aligned mesoporous SiO2 (designated Fe3O4@nSiO2@mSiO2–NH2). The material exhibits good dispersibility in aqueous solutions and a high saturation magnetization of 45.68[Formula: see text]emu[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text], and can be magnetically separated efficiently with an external magnet. Importantly, the material has great adsorption capacity of 29.6[Formula: see text]mg[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] for AR and the capacity for reuse with a simple treatment. The adsorption process is very fast and the kinetics data are consistent with a pseudo-second order model. Based on these, a rapid and efficient method for extraction and analysis of AR in water and soft drinks has been established.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF STINGING NETTLE ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE TOWARDS ANIONIC AND CATIONIC DYES

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1131-1142
Author(s):  
BENGÜ ERTAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Stinging Nettle ◽  
First Order ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data ◽  
Cr Uptake

Stinging nettle was used as lignocellulosic adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye – malachite green (MG), and anionic dye – Congo red (CR), from aqueous solution, without any chemical pretreatment. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model for the adsorption of both dyes, with the calculated maximum adsorption capacity of 270.27 mgg-1 and 172.14 mgg-1 for MG and CR, respectively. The adsorption process was controlled by the pseudo-second-order model in the adsorption of MG and by the pseudo-first-order model in the adsorption of CR. The thermodynamics modelling displayed that the process was spontaneous and endothermic. The π–π electron–donor interaction, hydrogen bonds and pore diffusion may also be effective, besides electrostatic interaction between the adsorbate and the adsorbent in the mechanism of MG and CR uptake.

scholarly journals ADSORPTION OF PARAQUAT DICHLORIDE TO KAOLIN PARTICLES AND TO MIXTURES OF KAOLIN AND HEMATITE PARTICLES IN AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Alexandra Martins ◽  
Manuel Simões ◽  
Luís Melo
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Special Expertise

Deliberate contamination with pesticides is a potential risk to water security, due to the availability of these contaminants and the fact that they do not need special expertise to handle or apply. Adsorption of the herbicide paraquat from an aqueous solution to suspended particles of kaolin and kaolin/hematite mixture was investigated by kinetic and equilibrium assays, taking into consideration several parameters such as initial pH, sorbent dosage and agitation speed. The results showed that the adsorption process is quite fast, reaching an 18% reduction in paraquat concentration in a very short period of time. The addition of hematite particles to kaolin suspension had no apparent effect on the maximum amount of paraquat adsorbed. Kinetic parameters were determined by fitting the pseudo-second order model to the experimental data (correlation coefficients close to 1). Isotherm studies indicate an inhibitory effect, promoted by hematite particles, that was not detected in the adsorption assays. Equilibrium data was best adjusted using the Langmuir model which yielded higher correlation coefficient values and smaller normalized standard deviations.

The Removal of Phosphate by Coal Gangue from Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2005-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Juan Zhang ◽  
Hua Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The feasibility of coal gangue as an adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater was investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium data were well fit to Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated was 2.49 mg/g at 25°C. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second order model. And the practical waste water experiment indecated that the phosphate concentration of real sewage decreased from 0.625mg/L to 0.121mg/L. These results suggested that coal gangue can be used as an adsorbent to removal phosphate from wastewater.

Sorption properties of Amberlite XAD 7 functionalized with sodium β-glycerophosphate

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1143-1154
Author(s):  
Andreea Gabor ◽  
Corneliu Mircea Davidescu ◽  
Adina Negrea ◽  
Mihaela Ciopec ◽  
Cornelia Muntean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

Abstract This paper presents the sorption properties of a new adsorbent material prepared by impregnating Amberlite XAD 7 polymer with sodium β-glycerophosphate. For impregnation, the pellicular vacuum solvent vaporization method was employed. The functionalization was evidenced by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The usefulness of this material and its performances were studied for the adsorption of the rare earth element La(III) in batch experiments. The influence of various parameters affecting the adsorption of lanthanum like contact time, initial concentration, pH value, and temperature was studied. The kinetic of the adsorption process was best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Sips isotherm was found to be the best fit of the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacity of the functionalized material was of 33.8 mg La(III)/g. The values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔGo, ΔHo, ΔSo) showed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The results proved that Amberlite XAD 7 functionalized with sodium β-glycerophosphate is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of La(III) ions from aqueous solutions. Quantum chemistry was performed using Spartan software.

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