scholarly journals Evaluation of the Analytical Conditions for the Determination of Chlorogenic Acid in Coffee Silverskin

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa A. Beltrán-Medina ◽  
Guadalupe M. Guatemala-Morales ◽  
Rosa I. Corona-González ◽  
Eduardo Padilla-Camberos ◽  
Pedro M. Mondragón-Cortez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Coffee Silverskin ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Method Of Extraction ◽  
By Products ◽  
Instrument Detection Limit

Chlorogenic acid or 5-Caffeoylquinic acid is a polyphenolic component present in coffee and its by-products. Chlorogenic acid has been shown to exert biological properties, particularly in relation to glucose and lipid metabolism, including antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, among others. Due to its importance, it is necessary to evaluate the reliability of the analytical method for its determination in complex matrices such as food. In this work, different methods of chlorogenic acid extraction in coffee Silverskin were studied, as well as its quantification by HPLC. The results showed that the method of extraction with a mixture of methanol:water (3:1 v/v) in an ultrasonic bath, favored the recovery of chlorogenic acid with a recovery of 77.44%. The instrument detection limit for chlorogenic acid was 3.311 µg/mL and the quantification limit was 11.037 µg/mL. For coffee Silverskin, the concentration obtained of chlorogenic acid by the three extraction methods evaluated was in the range of 57 to 224 mg/kg of coffee silverskin (dry basis).

scholarly journals Cloud Point Extraction in the Determination of Drugs in Biological Matrices

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Kojro ◽  
Piotr Wroczyński
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Method Of Extraction ◽  
Analytical Laboratories

Abstract Cloud point extraction (CPE) is a simple, safe and environment-friendly technique used in the preparation of various samples. It was primarily developed for the assessment of environmental samples, especially analyzed for metals. Recently, this technique has been used in the extraction and determination of various chemical compounds (e.g., drugs, pesticides and vitamins), in various matrices (e.g., human plasma, human serum, milk and urine). In this review, we show that CPE is a reliable method of extraction and can be used in analytical laboratories in combination with other techniques that can be used in the determination of drugs and other chemicals in the human biological matrix. According to the literature, a combination of different methods provides good recovery and can be used in the simultaneous determination of many drugs in a single analysis. CPE can be optimized by changing its conditions (e.g., type of surfactant used, incubation temperature, pH and the addition of salts). In this review, we present the optimized CPE methods used in the determination of various pharmaceuticals and describe how the conditions affect the performance of extraction. This data might support future designing of the new CPE applications that are simple and more accurate. We compared CPE with other extraction methods and also showed the advantages and disadvantages of various extraction techniques along with a discussion on their environmental impact. According to the publications reviewed, it is obvious that CPE is an easy, safe, rapid and inexpensive method of extraction.

scholarly journals Roles of Chlorogenic Acid on Regulating Glucose and Lipids Metabolism: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengxi Meng ◽  
Jianmei Cao ◽  
Qin Feng ◽  
Jinghua Peng ◽  
Yiyang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Lipids Metabolism ◽  
Intracellular Glucose

Intracellular glucose and lipid metabolic homeostasis is vital for maintaining basic life activities of a cell or an organism. Glucose and lipid metabolic disorders are closely related with the occurrence and progression of diabetes, obesity, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), one of the most abundant polyphenol compounds in the human diet, is a group of phenolic secondary metabolites produced by certain plant species and is an important component of coffee. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that CGA exerts many biological properties, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic activities. Recently, the roles and applications of CGA, particularly in relation to glucose and lipid metabolism, have been highlighted. This review addresses current studies investigating the roles of CGA in glucose and lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Optimization of Chlorogenic Acid Extraction from Green Coffee Beans Using Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 332-342
Author(s):  
Ha Thi Ngoc Lai ◽  
Phuong Viet Nguyen ◽  
Hoai Thi Tran ◽  
Viet Ha Thi Dao ◽  
Ha Hai Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Green Coffee Beans ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Experimental Values

Chlorogenic acid is a natural antioxidant that is widespread in the plant kingdom and can be found at a high content level in green coffee beans. This secondary metabolite in green coffee beans has potent biological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-hypertension, and anticonvulsant. In this study, the extraction of chlorogenic acid from Vietnamese green coffee beans was optimized using the response surface methodology. A second-order polynomial model with three important variables (liquid-to-solid ratio, temperature, and extraction time) was used. A rotatable central composite design consisting of 21 experimental runs with three replicates at the center point was applied to describe the experimental data. The experimental results properly conformed to the constructed model (R2 = 0.8549). The optimized conditions were as follows: 40% ethanol (v/v), a liquid-to-solid ratio of 11.77, at 85oC for 64 min. Four extractions were performed in parallel using the optimal conditions to validate the model. The experimental values highly agreed with the predicted value (P <0.05).

scholarly journals Development and validation of RRLC–UV method for determination of chlorogenic acid in green coffee

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Lenche Velkoska-Markovska ◽  
Mirjana S. Jankulovska ◽  
Biljana Petanovska-Ilievska ◽  
Kristijan Hristovski
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Successful Separation ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
Development And Validation

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. It contains many bioactive compounds, including chlorogenic acid which possesses various biological properties. In this study, in order to determine concentration of chlorogenic acid in green coffee, a reverse-phase rapid resolution liquid chromatography (RP-RRLC) method with diode-array detection (DAD) was developed. Successful separation was achieved on a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 (50 mm × 3 mm; 2.7 μm) column using acetonitrile–water with 1% phosphoric acid (10:90, v/v) as a mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and with UV detection at 325 nm. The identification was made with comparison of the retention time of pure analytical standard with the retention time of chlorogenic acid in the analyzed samples. The developed method was validated using the following parameters: linearity, sensitivity, selectivity, precision, and accuracy. Excellent linearity over the range 12.33–143.50 μg/mL was achieved with R2 values greater than 0.99. The intra-day precision was validated with the %RSD values, which confirmed that the method for determination of chlorogenic acid was repeatable. The mean recovery rate of the method ranged between 97.87% and 106.67% with %RSD values lower than 1%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values under the used chromatographic conditions were 0.29 and 0.96 pg, respectively. This method was successfully employed for quantitative determination of chlorogenic acid in green coffee samples.

scholarly journals Potato By-Products as a Source of Natural Chlorogenic Acids and Phenolic Compounds: Extraction, Characterization, and Antioxidant Capacity

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Nicolas Joly ◽  
Kaies Souidi ◽  
David Depraetere ◽  
Daniel Wils ◽  
Patrick Martin
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
By Products

Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and the chlorogenic acids content of potato by-product extracts of two hydro alcoholic solvents (methanol, ethanol) and two extraction methods (maceration and heating-assisted extraction) were studied. The content of TPC in the extracts was determined spectrometrically according to the Folin–Ciocalteu procedure and calculated as chlorogenic acid equivalents. Soluble phenolic acids, especially the chlorogenic acids, were performed by HPLC. The antioxidant activity of potato by-product extracts was determined by using the total oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method. The highest content of TPC was found in raw and lyophilized red waters when using ethanol as a solvent around 57 mg/g fresh weight. Heating-assisted extraction enhances this quantitative increasing. At the given operating conditions, unpeeled potato samples exhibit a higher TPC than peeled ones, showing that TPC are accumulated in skin tissue. The greatest amount of chlorogenic acid (Caffeoyl-Quinic Acids, 3, 4, 5 CQA), mainly the 5-CQA (870 ± 39.66 µg/g WM for wet matter versus DM dry matter), was obtained in the pellets and lyophilized fresh peels (skin vs. flesh). In addition, the greatest amounts of chlorogenic acids were found when potato peels were extracted with methanol. Heating-assisted extraction improved the chlorogenic acid concentration of the potato peel extracts. The total ORAC amounts recorded in the different potato fractions varied between 1500 and 1650 µM TE/g. They were higher than those of some fruits, vegetables, nuts, cereals, and sweet potato cultivar. The good correlation coefficient found between TPC, chlorogenic acids determination, and the ORAC capacity indicates that the TPC can be used as a good indicator of the antioxidant capacity of potato by-products.

scholarly journals Influence of the Lignin Extraction Methods on the Content of Tricin in Grass Lignins

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minting Xie ◽  
Zhendong Chen ◽  
Yue Xia ◽  
Minsheng Lin ◽  
Jiaqi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Correlation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Uv Resistance ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Organosolv Lignin ◽  
Lignin Extraction ◽  
Quantitative Results

Tricin as a monomer of grass lignin with unique biological properties is beneficial to human health with the potential for various applications. The abundant grass lignin could be an alternative source for tricin if an effective separation method is available. In this study, we used different lignin preparations, including alkali lignin (AL), mild acidolysis lignin (MAL), cellulase enzymatic lignin (CEL), γ-valerolactone lignin (GVL), and organosolv lignin (OL), to investigate the effect of different fractionation methods on the tricin content of the wheat straw lignin. The tricin signal of different lignins can be clearly identified by 2D heteronuclear singular quantum correlation (HSQC) spectra. GVL showed the highest tricin level among these lignin samples as the tricin content of GVL was accounted to be 8.6% by integrals. The tricin content was carefully determined using thioacidolysis combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (HPLC-MS), and the quantitative results of tricin by HPLC-MS were basically consistent with that of 2D HSQC integrals. Both methods have proved that the tricin contents of lignins isolated under acid conditions were significantly higher than that of AL. In addition, the determination of the sun protection factors (SPF) of lignin-based sunscreen and antioxidant activity of lignin preparations indicated that reserving more tricin was beneficial to the UV resistance of lignin samples. Therefore, this study not only provides new insights for the extraction methods of lignin with high tricin content but also is beneficial to the future study on the application of tricin and tricin-lignin.

Investigation of protoporphyrin IX standard materials used in acid-extraction methods, and a proposed correction for the millimolar absorptivity of protoporphyrin IX.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1601-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
E W Gunter ◽  
W E Turner ◽  
D L Huff
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Dimethyl Ester ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Calibration Material ◽  
Detailed Protocol

Abstract Erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP) has been used for more than 30 years as an indicator of lead intoxication, iron deficiency, and porphyrias. Recently, numerous analytical problems associated with various EP methods have been reported, including a lack of consensus among investigators regarding the best calibration material or analytical procedure. We investigated commercially available protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) standard materials and measured the millimolar absorptivity (m epsilon) of these materials, focusing on variables affecting the determination of their absorptivities. Among the five forms of PPIX available, PPIX dimethyl ester, when hydrolyzed to PPIX free acid, gave the most consistent and reproducible results. This work confirmed our earlier observations, made on more than 600 separate occasions during 12 years, that the m epsilon of PPIX free acid in 1.5 mol/L HCl at the Soret maximum is 297 +/- 1.3 L.mmol-1.cm-1, 19% higher than the arbitrary value of 241 L.mmol-1.cm-1 generally accepted by most investigators but based on unpublished data. We propose that the m epsilon of 297 L.mmol-1.cm-1 for PPIX be adopted and that PPIX dimethyl ester be used for the calibration of acid-extraction methods. A detailed protocol for the preparation and verification of PPIX from the dimethyl ester is available upon request.

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