scholarly journals A Population Game Model for the Expansion of Airbnb in the City of Venice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Arbara ◽  
Roberto D'Autilia
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Population Game ◽  
Accommodation Sector ◽  
Potential Equilibrium ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Units

The emergence of Airbnb along with an increase in urban tourism has intensified the pressure on urban areas while adding a new dimension in the dynamics of the housing distribution especially in historic cities. These dynamics affect both local economies and alter significantly the characteristics of urban space arising the necessity to create not only policies that foster sustainable tourism development but also to advance urban models that explore the relation between Airbnb and the traditional rental and accommodation sector. Through the case of Venice, the present study sheds light on the potential evolution of Airbnb housing in comparison to the traditional rental and homeowner market. In particular, it seeks to understand whether a potential equilibrium between these uses exists and if so, at which point in regards to this equilibrium the historic center of Venice is now. To tackle this question, methods deriving from the field of game theory and specifically evolutionary game theory are used. With the agents (players) being the housing units, the designed theoretical model explores the population dynamics of the housing units in Venice given the three options of homeownership or long-term rental (residential), short term rental over Airbnb (airbnb) or no use (vacant). The findings of our theoretical population game model are validated and discussed against a dataset describing the use patterns in the city of Venice during the past 20 years. A verification of the outcome through further case studies could eventually provide insights on future behavior of tourism pressure in historic urban areas.

scholarly journals A Population Game Model for the Expansion of Airbnb in the City of Venice

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3829
Author(s):  
Sophia Arbara ◽  
Roberto D’Autilia
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Population Game ◽  
Accommodation Sector ◽  
Potential Equilibrium ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Units

The emergence of Airbnb along with an increase in urban tourism has intensified the pressure on urban areas while adding a new dimension to the dynamics of housing distribution, especially in historic cities. These dynamics affect local economies and significantly alter the characteristics of urban spaces, hence the necessity to not only create policies that foster sustainable tourism development but also to advance urban models that explore the relation between Airbnb and the traditional rental and accommodation sector. Through the case of Venice, the present study sheds light on the potential evolution of Airbnb housing in comparison to the traditional rental and homeowner market. In particular, we sought to understand whether a potential equilibrium between these uses exists and if so, at which point in regard to this equilibrium the historic center of Venice is. To tackle this question, methods derived from the field of game theory and specifically evolutionary game theory were used. With the agents (players) being the housing units, the designed theoretical model explored the population dynamics of the housing units in Venice given the three options of homeownership or long-term renting (residential); short term renting or Airbnb (airbnb); and no use (vacant). The findings of our theoretical population game model were validated and discussed with a dataset describing the usage patterns in the city of Venice during the past 20 years. A verification of the outcome through further case studies could eventually provide insights into the future behavior of tourism’s pressure in historic urban areas.

scholarly journals A Study of Taxi Service Mode Choice Based on Evolutionary Game Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Zhu Bai ◽  
Mingxia Huang ◽  
Shuai Bian ◽  
Huandong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Payoff Matrix ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Stable States ◽  
Taxi Service ◽  
Service Mode ◽  
The Impact

The emergence of online car-hailing service provides an innovative approach to vehicle booking but has negatively influenced the taxi industry in China. This paper modeled taxi service mode choice based on evolutionary game theory (EGT). The modes included the dispatching and online car-hailing modes. We constructed an EGT framework, including determining the strategies and the payoff matrix. We introduced different behaviors, including taxi company management, driver operation, and passenger choice. This allowed us to model the impact of these behaviors on the evolving process of service mode choice. The results show that adjustments in taxi company, driver, and passenger behaviors impact the evolutionary path and convergence speed of our evolutionary game model. However, it also reveals that, regardless of adjustments, the stable states in the game model remain unchanged. The conclusion provides a basis for studying taxi system operation and management.

scholarly journals Building The Tree Inventory Application for City of East Jakarta

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Sulistyantara ◽  
Imawan W. Hidayat ◽  
A. Nasirudin Taher ◽  
Hendrawan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Fundamental Function ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Trees are essential elements of an urban space. The presence of trees in urban areas is not only appreciated as physical attribute, but beyond this, it serves a fundamental function in balancing and conserving urban ecosystem. Especially in tropical countries like Indonesia which receive high levels of solar radiation, trees contribute to the protection of urban areas from the impact of excessive micro-climatic conditions. But, the presence of trees sometimes resulted in the accidents for the residences because of broken branches and human injuries. This situation leads the city to prepare a tree inventory system, which is beneficial in giving the information about tree conditions and thus the information that would be useful for tree maintenance activities. The tree inventory on application for the city of East Jakarta was built for this purpose, comprising a tree inventory and easy access to the database. The application connects the database source with the GIS map, so that the users could retrieve information for each kind of data.

scholarly journals URBAN STUDIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THEORIES OF VISUAL PRACTICES

2017 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
A. M. Tormakhova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Monumental Architecture ◽  
The City

One of the leading trends in contemporary cultural studies is the appealto the field of visual. Thepurpose of the article is to investigate the range of problems associated withthe existence, functioning of various visual practices in the urban space and the disclosure of the specifics of communication carried out through their intermediation. In urban space, there are many forms, such as monumental architecture, urban sculpture, outdoor illumination, landscape art, street art, graffiti and others. These artifacts are the subject of cultural research within different disciplines - aesthetics, cultural studies, design, and art. It may be noted that in recentdecades, significant development gets such a direction as Urban Studies, in which the focus of research serves the city. The methodology of the study includes an appeal to an interdisciplinary approach that relies on the achievements of practical cultural studies, Urban studies,and aesthetics theory by Ukrainian and Western authors. Scientific novelty consists in analyzing the connection ofactual visual practices presented in the urban space and forming of Internet activity, which facilitates the mutual influence of these spheres one on another. The author noted that urban space is gradually becoming not only interactive, but also fully assuming the characteristics of WEB 2.0, which means active rethinking and transforming the environment, urban residents involvement in decision-making that becomes a norm of everyday life. City is a kind of text that reflects changing tastes, politicaland economic factors in visualform. Town and city public spaces play an important role in shaping the interaction within society. One of the pressing problems of practical cultural studies in general and urban areas in particular, should be integrated into organization of the urban environment and design the image of the city. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results of the research can beused in developing the urban sphere in particular and in actualizing the issue of organizing the urban environment and constructing the image of the city.

THE ARGUMENTATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF URBAN CONSOLIDATION CENTER FOR THE OLD TOWN IN GDAŃSK AS AN INDICATION OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN FREIGHT LOGISTICS

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (0) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Matusiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Urban Freight ◽  
Freight Logistics ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Consolidation

Distribution of goods in urban areas is one of the most important factors affecting the operation of the region but the management of these services is often overlooked by transport policy makers in Polish cities. Historical buildings create additional difficulties because they make the infrastructure development impossible. It is estimated that in large European cities approximately 25% of CO2 emissions, 30% of nitrogen oxides and 50% of particulates from transport are emitted by trucks and vans. The doctoral thesis presents methods used to optimize distribution processes in cities with historic buildings in Europe and around the world. It also presents the results of a research carried out in the Old Town of Gdańsk and proposes a method to optimize distribution processes for the area, which was the main objective of the work. The hypothesis of the trial has been formulated as follows: locating Urban Consolidation Center not far away from the center of the City of Gdańsk would bring tangible benefits for the city and all users of the urban space. The study used a method of analysis and criticism of literature; detailed study of a particular case and the method of observation. According to the design model, the proposed solution will bring tangible benefits to all users of space – residents, businesses and city authorities. The results of tests carried out on account of this thesis were provided to the city authorities.

scholarly journals Exploring the potential resiliencies of traditional urban fabric.. Bazaar area in Sulaimani as a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoshyar Qadir Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Space Organization ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The City

Abstract The city is characterized by structure, urban space organization, and specific configurations of the urban fabric. These factors act on distinguishing the city and give it a specific identity with specific features. The urban fabric is different, according to its morphology, planning, and design characteristics. Thus, if we know that the city, affecting and affected by rapid changes in its structure, configuration and space organization, these changes and transformations, according to its topological relations, places and its structure are different in between the city. At the same time, the severity and degree of these impacts also vary from one another location. More areas that resist and hold up against these changes and maintain their structure are the traditional urban areas, usually located in city centers, which retain their identity, authenticity, and urban and physical specificities. The study attempt to find out and diagnose the factors affecting, and then clarify the features, which lead to making the fabric retain its originality, stand up against winds of ongoing changes and transformations that occur in traditional urban fabrics when comparing with other areas in the city. The formation of the urban fabric appears as a result of a balance between internal and external forces, or in other words between more complex relationships, between parts with each other and parts with the whole, acting on its explicit and implicit structure. Implicit structure (genetic system) represents the potentiality, which our study aims to explore its configuration as an objective of the study as well. The research adopted space syntax methodology and its applications to arrive at the traditional know-how, which had weaved the rules of its nature, and also to verify the research hypothesis and achieve its objectives, too. Finally, the study found that the system of relationships that exists between (parts – parts) and (parts – whole), and the nature of these relationships had granted the area its uniqueness to persist against any deformation or rapid transformation over time.

scholarly journals Modernitas Berseragam dan Wajah Buram Modernitas di Kota Makassar pada Masa Orde Baru

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
I. Ilham
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
City Government ◽  
New Order ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This article describes modernity in the city of Makassar during the New Order era. The meaning of modernity in this article was a modern idea or thought in the form projects of development (modernization) which the state tries to control. The control of the State is manifested in the form of uniformity and mobilization of development projects by the city government. The main impact that arises from the process is problems of urban, environment of the urban physical and social life of population of the city. This study uses the approach of the history of the city. The data used came from archives, newspapers, magazines, and results of interviews. This study shows that uniformity and mobilization of urban development modernity projects touch the lowest level, especially in the regulation and use of urban space and in the activities of urban residents. At the same time, the control and influence of the private sector increasingly determines the use of space. A predetermined city plan often can not work because it gets intervention from the interests of the private sector. In this conflict of interests, various "disappointments" arose in the attempt to modernize urban space. In urban areas, problems arise in structuring cities and social life which are vulnerable as an impact of an increasingly widespread modernization project. On the other side, the livelihood sources of some urban residents such as the informal sector are increasingly marginalized and have no support from the city government.

Behavior Analysis of Together-Conspired Bidding Based on the Evolutionary Game

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 1513-1516
Author(s):  
Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Stable Strategy ◽  
Periodic Fluctuation ◽  
Construction Market

Based on the “replication dynamics” ideas, the paper establishes asymmetric evolutionary game model of together-conspired bidding using evolutionary game theory, and obtains its evolutionary stable strategy under the present governmental supervision that surround-bidder and accompanying-bidder’s proportion is periodic fluctuation of the center stability, explains the reason why together-conspired bidding is difficult to be prevented effectively. In order to find the decisive factor of the evolutionary drift, further investigation shows that the evolutionary drift is converged to the different evolutionary stable properties when evolution conditions change, such as the supervision target, supervision strength. Through the analysis to the punishment extent on surround-bidder and accompanying-bidder, the conclusion is arrived that the strength of punishment and execution on the surround-bidder can effectively control together-conspired bidding, which provides the theoretical basis to governmental supervision department for the management and research work on together-conspired bidding in the construction market.

scholarly journals The Influence of Urban Conditions on the Phenology of Aesculus hippocastanum L. Using the Example of Wroclaw (Poland)

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Iwona Dominika Orzechowska-Szajda ◽  
Robert Krzysztof Sobolewski ◽  
Joanna Lewandowska ◽  
Paulina Kowalska ◽  
Robert Kalbarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The differences in plant phenology between rural and urban areas are the subject of research conducted all over the world. There are few studies aimed at assessing the impact of the urban heat island on plant vegetation only in urban areas. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the distance from the city center and the form of land cover on the phenological development of trees using the example of the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.). The research area covered the entire city of Wrocław. In order to best capture the impact of the distance from the city center on the rate of changes of individual phenophases, 3 areas were designated—at a distance of 1 km, 2 km and 5 km. The study assessed the average duration of individual phenological phases along with the variability characteristics for leafing, flowering and fruiting in relation to the designated zones and classified forms of land cover based on mean value (x¯) and standard deviation (±SD) in individual weeks of the year. For the leafing and flowering phases, the frequency of the occurrence of phases in individual weeks of the year was analyzed in relation to the designated zones and classified land use methods. The results obtained on the basis of phenological observations carried out in 2017 in Wrocław confirmed the extension of the period of vegetation in the city center in relation to its peripheries. Trees growing in road lanes entered the vegetation period later and defoliated faster, which confirms the negative impact of street conditions on the development of trees in urban space. Thus, the growing season in road lanes is shorter and due to the 1-year observation period, it is justified to conduct further observations.

Flocking Task Research for Multiple Mobile Robots Based on Evolutionary Game Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 1845-1848
Author(s):  
Ye Ye ◽  
Neng Gang Xie ◽  
Yu Wan Cen ◽  
Qing Yun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Multiple Robots ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Multiple Mobile Robots ◽  
Coordinated Path Planning ◽  
Path Planning Problem

For flocking task of multiple mobile robots (MMR for short), the paper establishes a multi-objective optimization model and studies a solving method based on game theory. According to evolutionary game theory and taking the dynamic variability of gaming behaviors into account, it proposes a method based on evolutionary game model by using evolutionary rules “In success, commit oneself to the welfare of the society; in distress, maintain one‘s own integrity ”. Then, the paper performs researches on path coordination and obtains the optimum non-collision coordinated paths of flocking task for MMR. The simulation results show that the evolutionary game method can effectively solve coordinated path planning problem for multiple robots. By contrast with Nash equilibrium game model and coalition cooperative game model through computation results, the paper illustrates that the evolutionary game model is the best.

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