scholarly journals Heraldry in the Republic of Macedonia (1991-2019)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovan Jonovski
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
The State ◽  
Name Change ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Given ◽  
Coats Of Arms

Every country has some specific heraldry. In this paper, we will consider heraldry in the Republic of Macedonia, understood by the multitude of coats of arms, and armorial knowledge and art. The paper covers the period from independence until the name change (1991-2019). It covers the state coat of arms of the Republic of Macedonia especially the 2009 change. Special attention is given to the development of the municipal heraldry, including the legal system covering the subject. Also personal heraldry developed in 21 century is considered. The paper covers the development of heraldry and the heraldic thought in the given period, including the role of the Macedonian Heraldic Society and its journal Macedonian Herald in development of theoretic and practical heraldry, as well as its Register of arms and the Macedonian Civic Heraldic System.

scholarly journals Heraldry in the Republic of Macedonia (1991–2019)

Genealogy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Jovan Jonovski
Keyword(s):  
European Country ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Artistic Representations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Coats Of Arms ◽  
National Corpus

Every European country now has some distinctive heraldic conventions and traditions embodied in the designs and artistic representations of the emblems forming part of its national corpus. This paper deals with these matters in the period from independence in 1991 to the recent change of name in 2019. It deals with the successive designs proposed for the emblem of the state itself, some of which conformed to international heraldic conventions closely enough to be called “arms” or “coats of arms”, not including the emblem adopted in 2009. Special attention is given to the distinctive conventions created for municipal heraldry, including its novel legal framework, as well as those governing personal heraldry developed in the twenty-first century. The paper examines the evolution of heraldic thought and practice in Macedonia in the three decades in question, especially in the context of the Macedonian Heraldic Society and its journal, The Macedonian Herald, and its Register of Arms and the Civic Heraldic System it created.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MEASURES FOR SUPPORT OF SMEs ON EMPLOYMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Snezana Bardarova ◽  
Mimoza Serafimova ◽  
Drasko Atanasoski
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Jobs ◽  
Innovation And Entrepreneurship

The SME sector is the driving force of inclusive economic growth in Macedonia and in creating sustainable jobs and increasing productivity. Today, small enterprises have a growing number of supporters who believe that small enterprises are carriers of innovation and entrepreneurship and are able to react quickly to changes in the environment. For years, Macedonia has suffered from high unemployment, but this trend is beginning to decrease. However, as a country with a relatively young economy and a long transition period, unemployment is one of the main problems in the Macedonian economy. The condition of the labor market regulation is the field in which the country invests and strives to provide support to the population with the relevant laws, which is recognized through regulatory changes that affect the life cycle of business and employment. However, it is worth noting the trend of a gradual reduction in unemployment in recent years, despite the global effects of the crisis, due to several factors, including active employment measures (ALMs), measures against the gray economy, job creation in new companies with foreign capital, and a gradual economic recovery positively affect the reduction of unemployment. The subject of research in this paper is focused on analysis of SMEs and the measures for supporting their development with a special emphasis on employment, as well as conducting analysis of the active enterprises in the Republic of Macedonia by size, by sector and by number of employees, analysis of the activity of the population and employment by sectors. The aim of the paper is to determine the role of the SME support measures on solving the issues that the companies in Macedonia face in terms of creating new jobs.

scholarly journals Parlamentārās kontroles īstenošanas īpatnības un problēmjautājumi Covid-19 pandēmijas laikā

2021 ◽  
pp. 467-473
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Kuzņecovs ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Due to rapid spread of Covid-19 worldwide, Latvian government declared the state of emergency. This decision was adopted by the parliament in order to contain the virus and undertake all the necessary measures to prevent its further spread. At the same time, it is clear that government’s actions undertaken within the state of emergency mostly remain unchecked. The absence of any legal basis for the parliament to extend their oversight during the state of emergency makes role of the parliament in these circumstances unclear. The current position of the parliament precludes political and legal liability over the executive and their officers. Lack of the delegated legislative and human rights restriction clause applicable specifically during the state of emergency raises questions regarding powers of the government and parliamentary control during the state of emergency. The article explores the possible solutions to rectify such flaws in the legal system of the Republic Latvia

scholarly journals INTERIM MEASURES IN ARBITRATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 2155-2160
Author(s):  
Emilija Gjorgjioska ◽  
Zorica Stoileva ◽  
Dijana Gorgieva
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
State Court ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Interim Measures

In the arbitration, just like in civil litigation, it may be necessary before the final merit award is rendered by the arbitral tribunal, the relations between the parties to be temporarily settled. The need for ordering interim measures before or during an arbitration may arise in order to create conditions for maintaining the existing situation untilthe arbitration settlement of the dispute, facilitating the enforcement of the potential condemnatory arbitration award or faster conduct of the arbitration.Due to these advantages of the interimmeasures, the problem of interim measures in the modern arbitration process theory and practice gets more and more important. In the context of this, the questions arise what types of interim measures and under what conditions can be ordered in the arbitration?Who has the authority to order inerim measures: the state court or arbitrator of the arbitration tribunal or arbitrator for emergencies, and etc. Regarding the types of interim measures that can be ordered before or during the arbitration, there are: conservation, temporary, procedural-facilitating, record-keeping and execution-enforcement measures. The conditions for ordering each of these measures are specific and depend on the purpose and function of the interim measure itself. Regarding the dilemma who is auhtorized to order interim measures in the arbitration, it must be emphasized that the older arbitration theory and practice that has been created around state protectionist legal politics accepts the position that only the state court can order inerim measures while the contemporary arbitration theory and practice proves that the arbitrator of the arbitration court (more often) or an emergency arbitrator (less often) should order the imerim measures in the arbitration. It is precisely because of these problems and dilemmas that still baffle the science of the arbitration procedural law the subject of this paper will be the legal regulation of the subject matter of the interim measures in the Macedonian arbitration legislation. For this purpose, an analysis will be made of the positive legal provisions of the Law on Litigation Procedure of the Republic of Macedonia which regulates the domestic arbitration, the Law on International Commercial Arbitration of the Republic of Macedonia, which regulates the international arbitration and the Rules of The Permanent court of Arbitration attached to the Economic Chamber of Republic of Macedonia that apply to resolve arbitration disputes with and without a foreign element and will be analyzed whether they regulate and to what extent they regulate the issue of ordering of inrim measures in the arbitration. This will be done in order to conclude whether there is a need for amendments of the Macedonian Arbitration Legislation in order for the Macedonian arbitration procedural right to be in line with the modern arbitration tendencies for ordering interim measures in the arbitration, primarily the UNCITRAL Model Law.

scholarly journals Defense Law as the Foundation of the State Defense System in the Republic of Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 237-249
Author(s):  
Mariusz Antoni Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
State Defense

The article presents an analysis of defense law in the legal system of the Republic of Poland in the context of its importance for the defense of the state. The author discusses the role of the state defense system in ensuring national security and presents defense law as a foundation for effective organization of this system. Moreover, the author analyzes the subject matter of defense law and points out the difficulties in its proper organization. The key issues discussed in the article are the need for defense law reforms and indication of the proposals as to the direction in which changes in this field of law should go.

scholarly journals The National Security Council (Rada Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego) – an advisory organ to the President of Poland?

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-151
Author(s):  
Rafał Glajcar ◽  
Łukasz Wielgosz
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
The State ◽  
National Security Council ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic

Poland’s National Security Council (Rada Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego, RBN) is defined in the country’s Constitution as organ doradczy Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w zakresie wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego bezpieczeństwa państwa (officially translating into: “the advisory organ to the President of the Republic regarding internal and external security of the State”). Against that background, this article uses analysis of policy practice as it seeks to explain whether the NSC truly plays that role of advisory organ, or is more in the nature of a coordinating-and-consulting body. To address this research topic, three areas have been identified for broader and deeper consideration, i.e. the means of selecting Council Members, the frequency with which Sittings have been convened, and the subject matter addressed at those Sittings.

scholarly journals Identification And Analysis Of The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples In The Study Of Constitutional Law

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
I Gede Yusa
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The State ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Health And Human Rights ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Un General Assembly ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Given

The Resolution of the UN General Assembly in 2000 has mandated to discuss indigenous issues related to economic and social development, culture, environment, education, health and human rights. In national law, the recognition of the existence of traditional people with customary rights can be found in Article 18 B paragraph (2) and Article 28  paragraph  (3) of  the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945. This study discusses the rights that grow and thrive in indigenous communities in Bali which are associated with the life of society and state. Also the responsiveness or recognition of Indonesia to the presence of the state constitution means the rights of indigenous peoples has grown and developed  in Bali and empowerment efforts  need to be done for   the rights of indigenous peoples has grown and developed in Bali to be able to be a force in the life of society and state. Studies on the identification of the rights of the traditional lifestyle that are recognized in the community as well  as prospective empowered in the state of life in Indonesia can be classified as a normative legal research conducted on the relevant legal materials. Legal materials and supporting information that has been gathered up with regard to research on the identification and analysis of the rights of traditional communities in Indonesian Studies State Laws (A Study of Traditional Balinese Community) Firstly the description  and  interpretation  was  carried  out,  or  interpretation of the normative propositions found to be further systematized in accordance with discussion on the subject matter of this study. The results of this analysis are three techniques to evaluate and analyze its content according to the given arguments and conclusions of law to get a top issue in this study. States have  an obligation to give recognition to indigenous peoples based on the constitution. Responsiveness or the constitutional recognition of the existence of  the rights  of indigenous peoples has grown and developed in Bali are envisaged in the constitution, namely Article 18B  paragraph  (2) and  Article 28  paragraph  (3)  of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945. The constitutional mandate must be obeyed by state officials to regulate the recognition and respect for indigenous peoples in some form of legislation. While the empowerment of local people has been recognized by constitution, yet much remain to be done. The rights of indigenous peoples which has grown and developed in Bali should be legally enforced in the life of society and state.

scholarly journals State Reserve and Wartime Stocks of the Republic of Bulgaria – Essence and Cost

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Daniel Manlolov ◽  
Nikolay Kamarashev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
National Security ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agency ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Individual

Abstract This report presents the importance of the state reserve and the wartime stocks for the national security of our country. The State Reserve and Wartime Stocks State Agency is the object of our research, and the subject of the research is the agency's budget for the period 2015-2018. In this relation, the structure of the agency with its territorial directorates and the structure of costs are examined in detail. The role of the human factor in the agency and its importance for the management of the state reserve and the wartime stocks are presented. A comparative analysis of the individual costs by elements and budget programmes for the period 2015-2018 has been carried out, paying particular attention to the dynamics in their development over the period under review. Some key conclusions have been made concerning the improvement of the management of the state reserve and wartime stocks

OWNERSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND THE STATE AS THE HOLDER OF THE PROPERTY RIGHT UNDER THE CONSTITUTION IN 1991

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1993-2005
Author(s):  
Shemsije Demiri ◽  
Rudina Kaja
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Function ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic

This paper deals with the right to property in general terms from its source in Roman law, which is the starting point for all subsequent legal systems. As a result of this, the acquisition of property rights is handled from the historical point of view, with the inclusion of various local and international literature and studies, as well as the legal aspect devoted to the respective civil codes of the states cited in the paper.Due to such socio-economic developments, state ownership and its ownership function have changed. The state function as owner of property also changed in Macedonia's property law.The new constitutional sequence of the Republic of Macedonia since 1991 became privately owned as a dominant form of ownership, however, state ownership also exists.This process of transforming social property into state or private (dissolves), in Macedonia starts from Yugoslavia through privatization, return and denationalization measures, on which basis laws on privatization have been adopted. Because of this, there will be particularly intensive negotiations regaring the remaining state assets.

Human Rights Activities as a Function of the Prosecutor’s Office

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
K.N. Golikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law

The subject of this article is the problems of the nature, essence and purpose of prosecutorial activity. The purpose of the article is to study and justify the role of the human rights function in prosecutorial activities in the concept of a modern legal state. At the heart of prosecutorial activity is the implementation of the main function of the Prosecutor’s office – its rights and freedoms, their protection. This means that any type (branch) of Prosecutor's supervision is permeated with human rights content in relation to a citizen, society, or the state. This is confirmed by the fact that the Federal law “On the Prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation” establishes an independent type of Prosecutor's supervision-supervision over the observance of human and civil rights and freedoms. It is argued that the legislation enshrines the human rights activities of the Prosecutor's office as its most important function. It is proposed to add this to the Law “On the Prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation”.

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