Directed Medical Role Play for Children: Review of the Teddy Bear Hospital Implementations, Objectives, and Reported Experiences

Background: Role-playing is often used as a pedagogical method for learning communication in medical education. Therefore, medical play using the Teddy Bear Hospital (TBH) is a concept that can quickly familiarize children with health care and help them develop positive experiences in these areas. This review aims to assess the strengths of TBH, as a form of directed medical role play, in improving health outcomes and well-being in children, along with implanting an awareness of preventive health care in young children.Methods: For this scoping review, we examined the list of recommendations, including 11 studies from two databases, PubMed and Google Scholar. We incorporated pre/post quasi-experimental studies, ANOVA, qualitative research studies, systematic reviews, and control group studies that deliberately utilize the teddy bear hospital as an intervention.Results: The results of individual studies were further categorized into three sections. The first being upon the analysis of 11 studies, the Teddy Bear Hospital was mainly conducted in Europe and Asia. It is evident that regardless of the different approaches and strategies used to implement the Teddy Bear Hospital, they all ultimately share the same intent: to raise health care awareness and alleviate young children's anxiety over medical treatment while focusing on the promotion of positive healthy lifestyle. All studies portray the teddy bear hospital as an intervention of medical roleplay which analyzed the children's feelings, behaviors, and health awareness after visiting the Teddy Bear Hospital.Conclusion: The application of the teddy bear hospital has overwhelmingly positive results, with lower levels of anxiety and improved health knowledge. Its reported efficacy calls for future studies on aspects that lead to its efficacy and potential effectiveness.

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THE EFFECT OF THE USE ROLE PLAYING O HAND-WASHING METHOD THROUGH THE REVIEW OF STUDENT KNOWLEDGE

Jurnal Ilmiah Wijaya ◽

10.46508/jiw.v10i2.26 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 58-71

Author(s):

Solehudin Solehudin

Keyword(s):

Role Play ◽

Role Playing ◽

T Test ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Control Group ◽

Student Knowledge ◽

The Right ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Test Result ◽

Paired T Test

Handwashing with soap one of the Clean and Healthy Behavior. PHBS is also conducted in schools based on KMK No. 1429 / MENKES / SK / XII / 2006, and became one of the duties of the nurse as an extension worker. The success of counseling with the selection of appropriate methods. The methods used in SMP N 1 Gunung Putri are lecture methods, group discussions, and role play methods. Known data of sick students in 2015/2016, 143 times tifoid become first sequence with incidence 60 times (42%), ISPA 30 times (21%) and skin disease 20 times (14%). By hand washing is expected to reduce disease and can improve student health status. This study analyzes the influence of the use of role play method on hand washing properly viewed from the knowledge of students of class VII SMP N 1 Gunung Putri Bogor in 2016. This type of research is quantitative, quasi experimental design with nonequivalent control group design. By probability sampling technique, that is cluster random sampling. Respondents 50 (25 experiments and 25 controls). Data were obtained through pre and post test with questionnaire and hand washing practice. Statistical analysis used independent t-test, paired t-test, ANNOVA followed by post hoc scheffe. Independent t-test result result is sig.0.610 which means there is no difference between the two classes (equivalent). The result of paired t-test result is sig value in both classes <0.05 which means there is influence of knowledge. The result of post hoc scheffe on the correct knowledge and hand washing produced interaction by looking at significance and mean value ie A2B1 with sig. 0.31 and A2B2 with sig. 0.14 which are both role play classes. Mean A2B2 75.00 which means there is interaction influence so it can be concluded that Ha accepted that there is interaction influence the use of role play method on hand washing is correct in terms of student knowledge. This research is expected to contribute in providing reference in choosing the right method. As well as to wash the right hands become a habit and entrust to the respondents in order to improve the degree of health.

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Potential Impact of Linking an Emergency Department and Hospital-Affiliated Clinics to Immunize Pre-School-Age Children

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.93.1.99 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 93 (1) ◽

pp. 99-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Louis M. Bell ◽

Nereida I. Lopez ◽

Jennifer Pinto-Martin ◽

Rosemary Casey ◽

Frances M. Gill

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Preventive Health Care ◽

Pediatric Emergency ◽

School Age Children ◽

Control Group ◽

School Age ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rubella Vaccination ◽

Clinic Visits

Objective. To determine whether the use of an urban pediatric emergency department (ED) to immunize pre—school-age children would result in an improvement in the percentage fully vaccinated by the end of the second year of life. Design. A retrospective cohort study of two groups: (1) 100 consecutive children (ED group) enrolled at one of two hospital-affiliated primary care clinics were chosen from the ED patient logs if their second birthday occurred in the 12 months prior to November 1990; and (2) 91 age-matched control children (control group) were chosen at random from the same hospital-affiliated clinics' enrollment logs without regard to ED use. The health care provided during the first 2 years of life for each group was compared. Results. The mean number of visits to the ED in the first 2 years of life by the ED group was significantly greater than that of the control group (2.9 [SD] ± 2.5 vs 1.1 ± 1.4; P < .001) during the first 2 years of life. In 67% of ED visits, children would have been well enough to receive a vaccination. Both groups had similar types and numbers of visits to the primary clinics. For example, the ED group had 10 ± 5 visits by age 2 years compared with the control group, which had 9 ± 4 visits. There was no significant difference in actual immunization percentages achieved in the clinic, with 62% of the ED group having received four diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus vaccinations; three oral poliovirus vaccinations; and one measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination by age 2 compared with 69% of control children. There were more missed vaccination opportunities during clinic visits in the ED group (7.4 vs 4.6 per 100 clinic visits; P < .01). If immunizations were offered in the ED to those children who needed them, immunization percentages would have been increased an average of 20% compared with percentages achieved in the clinic alone. Conclusion. Routine vaccinations in the ED would significantly increase immunization percentages in children enrolled in two hospital-affiliated clinics. Close linkage and coordination between the ED and hospital-affiliated clinics may improve preventive health care in urban children who use EDs.

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Mindfulness-Based IARA Model® Proves Effective to Reduce Stress and Anxiety in Health Care Professionals. A Six-Month Follow-Up Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16224421 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (22) ◽

pp. 4421 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Massimiliano Barattucci ◽

Anna Maria Padovan ◽

Ermanno Vitale ◽

Venerando Rapisarda ◽

Tiziana Ramaci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Emotional Regulation ◽

Well Being ◽

Point Of View ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Control Group ◽

Specific Work ◽

Health Care Environment

Changes in the health care environment, together with specific work-related stressors and the consequences on workers’ health and performance, have led to the implementation of prevention strategies. Among the different approaches, those which are mindfulness-based have been institutionally recommended with an indication provided as to their effectiveness in the management of stress. The aim of the present study was to analyze the efficacy of the mindfulness-based IARA Model® (an Italian acronym translatable into meeting, compliance, responsibility, autonomy) in order to ameliorate perceived stress, anxiety and enhance emotional regulation among health care professionals (HCPs; i.e., doctors, nurses, and healthcare assistants). Four hundred and ninety-seven HCPs, 215 (57.2%) of which were women, were randomly assigned to a mindfulness-based training or control group and agreed to complete questionnaires on emotion regulation difficulties (DERS), anxiety, and perceived stress. Results showed that HCPs who attended the IARA training, compared to the control group, had better emotional regulation, anxiety and stress indices after 6 months from the end of the intervention. Furthermore, the results confirmed the positive relationship between emotional regulation, perceived stress and anxiety. The present study contributes to literature by extending the effectiveness of IARA in improving emotional regulation and well-being in non-clinical samples. Moreover, the study provides support for the idea that some specific emotional regulation processes can be implicated in perceived stress and anxiety. From the application point of view, companies should invest more in stress management intervention, monitoring and training, in order to develop worker skills, emotional self-awareness, and relational resources.

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A Digital Game and School-Based Intervention for Students in Hong Kong: Quasi-Experimental Design (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.12003 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Angie KY Shum ◽

Eliza SY Lai ◽

Wing Gi Leung ◽

Mabel NS Cheng ◽

Ho Kit Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Perspective Taking ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Control Group ◽

Digital Game ◽

School Based

BACKGROUND In Hong Kong, with an increasing number of children experiencing mental health issues, there is a need to not only develop innovative interventions but also develop comprehensive prevention interventions so as to reduce their anxiety symptoms and enhance their emotional management and interpersonal relationships. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of The Adventures of DoReMiFa, an integration model of the cognitive-behavioral approach and positive psychology by using digital game–based and school-based mental health enhancement intervention to magnify the social and emotional health and well-being of the school children in Hong Kong aged 9 to 11 years. METHODS A quasi-experimental design method was used to evaluate this digital game and school-based intervention. The Adventures of DoReMiFa was piloted in 4 primary schools where students were allocated to either an intervention or a control group. The participants were assessed at pre- and postintervention with a 6-month follow-up measuring their mental health knowledge, levels of anxiety symptoms, positive and negative thinking, perspective-taking, and self-esteem. RESULTS A total of 459 primary school students from 4 primary schools participated in the study. The response rate on the questionnaires answered on the Web was up to 85.1% (391/459). Compared with the control group, the intervention group was found to have significant association with improved mental health knowledge at the time immediately after the intervention (beta=.46; P=.01) and in the 6-month postintervention period (beta=.66; P<.001); for perspective-taking, the intervention group had exhibited a significant improvement 6 months after the completion of the universal program (beta=1.50; P=.03). The intervention, however, was found not to be effective in reducing the rates of anxiety symptoms and negative thinking among the participating students. CONCLUSIONS The Adventures of DoReMiFa, an integration of a digital game–based and school-based mental health enhancement intervention, was shown to be effective in elevating the knowledge of mental health and promoting perspective-taking in the primary school students of Hong Kong. Although there was insufficient evidence to support a reduction in symptoms of anxiety and negative automatic thoughts, the overall results were still encouraging in that a preventive effect was found, indicating that the program has the potential to enhance the mental well-being of schoolchildren. It also suggests that knowledge enhancement may not necessarily lead to behavior change, and more focused effort may be needed to achieve the translation. The implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were also discussed.

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An 11-week school-based ‘health education through football programme’ improves health knowledge related to hygiene, nutrition, physical activity and well-being—and it’s fun! A scaled-up, cluster-RCT with over 3000 Danish school children aged 10–12 years old

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2020-103097 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bjsports-2020-103097

Author(s):

Malte Nejst Larsen ◽

Anne-Marie Elbe ◽

Mads Madsen ◽

Esben Elholm Madsen ◽

Christina Ørntoft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Education ◽

School Children ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Well Being ◽

School Level ◽

Group Differences ◽

Control Group ◽

Danish School

ObjectivesOur large-scale cluster randomised controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects on health knowledge and enjoyment of an 11 week ‘health education through football’ programme for children aged 10–12 years old.Methods3127 Danish school children (49% girls) aged 10–12 years from a total of 154 schools located in 63% of the Danish municipalities (69 of 98) took part in the analysis. A 5:1 cluster randomisation was performed at school level for the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG). The twice-weekly 45 min intervention was the ‘11 for Health in Denmark’ programme, which includes health education, football drills and small-sided games. The health education element focused on hygiene, nutrition, physical activity and well-being. Outcomes: The participants completed a 34-item multiple-choice computer-based health knowledge questionnaire preintervention and postintervention. IG also evaluated whether the programme was enjoyable.ResultsBetween-group differences (p<0.05) were observed in overall health knowledge in favour of IG (+7.2% points, 95% CI 6.1% to 8.4%, effect size, ES:0.59), with similar effects for girls (+7.4% points, 95% CI 5.9% to 9.0%, ES:0.57) and for boys (+7.0% points, 95% CI 5.3% to 8.7%, p<0.05, ES:0.51). Marked between-group differences were observed in favour of IG, for health knowledge related to hygiene (IG vs CG:+13.9% points, 95% CI 11.1% to 16.7%, ES:0.53), nutrition (+10.3% points, 95% CI 8.5% to 12.1%, ES:0.53), physical activity (+5.9% points, 95% CI 4.1% to 7.7%, ES:0.36) and well-being (+4.4% points, 95% CI 2.7% to 6.1%, ES:0.28). Both girls and boys gave the programme moderate to high scores for enjoyment (3.6±1.0 and 3.7±1.1, respectively).ConclusionHealth education through sport, using the ‘11 for Health’ model, was enjoyable for girls and boys aged 10–12 years old, and improved health knowledge related to hygiene, nutrition, physical activity and well-being.

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Examining the Effectiveness of Using Role-Play Simulations with Chinese Students in China

International Studies Perspectives ◽

10.1093/isp/ekz014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 363-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael Toomey ◽

Xinhe Zhou ◽

Xin Yan

Keyword(s):

Political Science ◽

Learning Outcomes ◽

Comparative Politics ◽

Role Play ◽

Percent Level ◽

Chinese Students ◽

Test Group ◽

Role Playing ◽

Knowledge Retention ◽

Control Group

Abstract A significant body of literature testifies to the effectiveness of role-play gaming and simulations as pedagogical methods in political science. Many of these studies involve students with a Western background. In contrast, little research exists on the teaching of political science in China and none on the effectiveness of simulations for teaching Chinese students. This study seeks to investigate the efficacy of role-play simulations as a method for teaching comparative politics to Chinese students. The study examined the levels of long-term knowledge retention, enthusiasm towards political science, and self-reported learning outcomes in two groups of students. A test group, students who had completed at least one political science course, participated in a politics-based role-playing simulation; the control group, students who had completed the same political science course, did not participate in a comparable game. The test group displayed significantly better self-reported learning outcomes and significantly better knowledge retention than the control group (albeit at the 90 percent level).

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The Effectiveness of Role Play Techniques in Teaching Speaking for EFL College Students

Journal of Language Teaching and Research ◽

10.17507/jltr.0805.04 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 863 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dhea Mizhir Krebt

Keyword(s):

Role Play ◽

Role Playing ◽

Control Group ◽

College Level ◽

Post Test ◽

Efl Students ◽

Speaking Skill ◽

Efl College Students ◽

The Impact ◽

Experimental Group

The paper investigates the impact of role-playing as a classroom technique on Iraqi EFL students’ speaking skill on Iraqi EFL students at the college level. The students are 40 college language students in University of Baghdad, College of Education Ibn-Rushd randomly chosen. Then, they were divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. Thirty questions were applied to both groups as a pre-test of speaking and the students asked to answer them orally. The experimental group was taught speaking skill of the targeted role-play technique while the control group was taught in traditional method. After 20 lessons of the teaching, the post-test of speaking was conducted in which the students in both groups were asked to answer. The results showed that there is a significant improvement in speaking skill of experimental group. The two groups were significantly different to the sake of using role play technique.

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Web-based Self-help Program for Adjustment Problems After an Accident (SelFIT): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/21200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e21200

Author(s):

Julia Katharina Hegy ◽

Noemi Anja Brog ◽

Thomas Berger ◽

Hansjoerg Znoj

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Well Being ◽

Control Group ◽

User Friendliness ◽

Adjustment Problems ◽

Web Based ◽

Self Help ◽

Wide Range

Background Accidents and the resulting injuries are among the world’s biggest health care issues, often causing long-term effects on psychological and physical health. With regard to psychological consequences, accidents can cause a wide range of burdens including adjustment problems. Although adjustment problems are among the most frequent mental health problems, there are few specific interventions available. The newly developed program SelFIT (German acronym: Selber wieder fit nach einem Unfall; “fit again after an accident”) aims to remedy this situation by offering a low-threshold, web-based self-help intervention for psychological distress after an accident. Objective The overall aim is to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the SelFIT program plus care as usual (CAU) compared to only CAU. Furthermore, the program’s user-friendliness, acceptance, and adherence are assessed. We expect that the use of SelFIT will be associated with a greater reduction in psychological distress, greater improvement in mental and physical well-being, and greater cost-effectiveness compared to CAU. Methods Adults (n=240) experiencing adjustment problems due to an accident they had between 2 weeks and 2 years before entering the study will be randomized into either the intervention or control group. Participants in the intervention group receive direct access to SelFIT. The control group receives access to the program after 12 weeks. There are 6 measurement points for both groups (baseline as well as after 4, 8, 12, 24, and 36 weeks). The main outcome is a reduction in anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms that indicate adjustment problems. Secondary outcomes include well-being, optimism, embitterment, self-esteem, self-efficacy, emotion regulation, pain, costs of health care consumption, and productivity loss, as well as the program’s adherence, acceptance, and user-friendliness. Results Recruitment began in December 2019 and will continue at least until January 2021, with the option to extend this for another 6 months until July 2021. As of July 2020, 324 people have shown interest in participating, and 48 people have given their informed consent. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study examining a web-based self-help program designed to treat adjustment problems resulting from an accident. If effective, the program could complement the still limited offerings for secondary and tertiary prevention of psychological distress after an accident. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03785912; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03785912 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/21200

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The Effect of the Baduanjin Exercise on the Covid-19-Related Anxiety, Psychological Well-being and Lower Back Pain of College Students During the Pandemic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1137006/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Keqiang Li ◽

Tamara Walczak-Kozłowska ◽

Mariusz Lipowski ◽

Jianye Li ◽

Daniel Krokosz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Back Pain ◽

Lower Back Pain ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Well Being ◽

Control Group ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Intervention Effect ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Lower Back

Abstract Background Baduanjin exercise is recognized as having a beneficial effect on both physical and mental health. However, studies lacked consideration of its potential advantageous outcomes during the coronavirus pandemic. This study aimed to examine the effect of Baduanjin exercise on the COVID-19-related anxiety, psychological well-being, and the lower back pain of college students during the coronavirus pandemic in China. Methods Participants consisted of 387 people, ranging in age from 20 to 30 years (M = 23.55; SD = 3.13), and were randomly divided into two groups: 195 participated in the 12-week Baduanjin exercise program, and 192 learned health knowledge during this time. Subsequently, the two groups were analyzed and compared in terms of an intervention effect on the COVID-19-related anxiety, psychological well-being, and lower back pain. Results The intervention effect on the Baduanjin exercise group was remarkably better than that of the control group (p < 0.05). With the intervention of the Baduanjin exercise, the COVID-19-related anxiety score decreased from 5.22±0.45 to 5.07±0.27. The total psychological well-being score increased from 70.11±8.65 to 84.12±7.38, and the prevalence of low back pain decreased from 22.45±1.67 to 18.35±1.05 among college students. Conclusion During the pandemic, the Baduanjin exercise contributes to the reduction of the perceived anxiety related to the COVID-19, decreases the prevalence of the lower back pain, and improves the psychological well-being of college students.

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Improving Wellness of Operating Room Personnel: A Light-Based Intervention on Perceived Nursing-Related Stress

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.718194 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Gilles Guerrier ◽

Dimitri Margetis ◽

Christine Agostini ◽

Zakia Machroub ◽

Sophie Di Maria

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Operating Room ◽

Light Exposure ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Well Being ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Crossover Fashion ◽

Score Difference ◽

Related Stress

Background: Nursing is an emotionally demanding and physically draining occupation. Well-being of health care workers is essential to achieve success in care and have good cooperation relationships with other health professionals.Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a light-based intervention on perceived nursing-related stress in health care personnel working in an operating room environment.Methods: A total of 84 nurses participated in this randomized, cross-over controlled study. Intervention consisted of 4 weeks of bright blue-enriched light exposure using a LED head-mounted portable device (n = 42) or no light exposure (n = 42) separated by a 2-week washout period in a crossover fashion. Participants completes questionnaires for the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS).Results: Intervention and control groups were comparable in terms of demographics, with a median age of 34 (IQR: 27–49) and 69 (82%) female. The mean baseline NSS score was similar in both groups before intervention. The NSS score of the intervention group was significantly lower after intervention than the baseline score: the NSS score difference before and after intervention was 15.1 (SD 7.6) (p < 0.001) and 19.7 (SD 7.5) (p < 0.001) during the two successive periods of intervention, respectively. The cross-group comparison after intervention showed a significantly higher NSS score difference after intervention in the intervention group than the control group: 15.1 (SD 7.6) vs. 1.4 (SD 8.4) (p < 0.001) and 19.7 (SD 7.5) vs. 1.7 (SD 8.9) (p < 0.001) during the two successive periods of intervention, respectively.Conclusion: Alternative person-directed initiatives should be considered to improve the well-being of the health workforce in operating rooms, especially during the coronavirus pandemic.

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