scholarly journals Based on Historical Seismic Damage Data to Rapidly Assessment the Vulnerability of Structures in Rural Village

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinqiang Yao ◽  
Bin Liang ◽  
Baitao Sun ◽  
Wuping Gao
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Earthquake Losses ◽  
Seismic Loss ◽  
Regional Vulnerability ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Earthquake Damages ◽  
Seismic Resilience

This study investigated and classified typical structures in rural village and analyzed the vulnerability of various typical types of structures. Based on the statistics of earthquake damages with magnitudes above 5 from 1996 to 2013 in China, the damage matrixes of different types of structures in rural village are obtained. And The vulnerability index and the vulnerability equation of structure are crucial to assess the earthquake losses of typical structures under different magnitudes earthquakes. According to the seismic loss of different types of structures under different earthquake magnitudes, there are possible to improve the seismic resilience of the buildings in rural village. Moreover, the regional vulnerability is analyzed by β probability distribution function, and the comprehensive seismic performance index of different types of agricultural buildings in the region is obtained. The main research is to predict the loss of different types of structures under different earthquake magnitudes in the future, and to provide technical support for different types of building in rural village reinforcement.

scholarly journals Modified Nanoclays/Straw Fillers as Functional Additives of Natural Rubber Biocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
Justyna Miedzianowska ◽  
Marcin Masłowski ◽  
Przemysław Rybiński ◽  
Krzysztof Strzelec
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Damping Properties ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Impact

Increasingly, raw materials of natural origin are used as fillers in polymer composites. Such biocomposites have satisfactory properties. To ensure above-average functional properties, modifications of biofillers with other materials are also used. The presented research work aimed to produce and characterize elastomeric materials with a straw-based filler and four different types of montmorillonite. The main research goal was to obtain improved functional parameters of vulcanizates based on natural rubber. A series of composites filled with straw and certain types of modified and unmodified nano-clays in various ratios and amounts were prepared. Then, they were subjected to a series of tests to assess the impact of the hybrids used on the final product. It has been shown that the addition of optimal amounts of biofillers can, inter alia, increase the tensile strength of the composite, improve damping properties, extend the burning time of the material and affect the course of vulcanization or cross-linking density.

scholarly journals The profiling of university of Ljubljana students according to their motives for exercise participation

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Cerar ◽  
Miran Kondrič ◽  
Joško Sindik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Participation Motives ◽  
The University ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract Introduction The main research objective is the analysis of the grouping of the students of the University of Ljubljana, with respect to the intensity of different types of exercise participation motives, their gender, discipline and year of study, level of physical activity, status of physical education class, organization of physical activities during study, and place of residence. Methods Data were collected using personal data sheets during enrolling students at the University of Ljubljana. Students completed The Exercise Motivations Inventory (EMI-2), with additional data about sociodemographic parameters. Results The results reveal that the students could be grouped in three distinctive clusters, which can be very clearly explained in terms of the prevalence of exercise participation motives in general. The students grouped in the first cluster have the lowest average values (means) in all exercise participation motives. The students grouped in the second cluster have the profile with moderate means in all exercise participation motives, while the students grouped in the third cluster have the profile with the highest means in all exercise participation motives. Conclusions The results indicate overall higher motivation for physical activity in men. All the sub-samples are different in their relevant features used in clustering (e.g., male students are dominant in life sciences, etc.), which provide a guide both for the explanation of the results obtained and for practical implications.

The method of repairing OHE damaged ancient painted murals based on machine vision

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hao Li
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Dimensional Image ◽  
Two Dimensional Image ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Incomplete Damage

Traditional mural repair methods only observe the texture of murals when segmenting the repair area, but ignore the extraction of a mural damage data, resulting in incomplete damage crack information. For this reason, the method of repairing the damaged murals based on machine vision is studied. Using machine vision, it can get two-dimensional image of a mural, preprocess the image, extract the damaged data of a mural, and then divide the repair area and repair degree index. According to different types of damage, it can choose the corresponding repair methods to achieve the repair of damaged mural. The results show: Compared with the reference [1] method and reference [2] method, the number of repair points and repair cracks extracted by the proposed method is more than that of the two traditional methods, which can more accurately and comprehensively extract the repair information of murals.

Bridging employee curiosity and service creativity: a new lens

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuen-Hung Tsai ◽  
Li-li Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Frontline Employees ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Task Autonomy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
And Task

PurposeThis study develops a framework to examine how, why and when different traits of employee curiosity affect service creativity by considering the roles of knowledge sharing and task autonomy.Design/methodology/approachTo reduce common method bias, this work separated the variables investigated into three parts, each of which was randomly used to collect data at three different periods. A total of 822 matched questionnaires obtained from frontline employees of service firms provided useable data for hypothesis tests. A moderated mediation approach was employed to analyse the data.FindingsResults are as follows: (1) Deprivation sensitivity, joyous exploration and social curiosity have positive effects on knowledge collecting (KC) and knowledge donating (KD). (2) KD mediates the relationships between the three curiosity traits and service creativity. (3) Task autonomy enhances and suppresses the mediating effects of KC and KD, respectively, on the curiosity–service creativity relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has two main research implications: First, as different types (traits) of employee curiosity have different effects on service creativity, a single-dimensional view of employee curiosity may mask the differences of individual dimension and lead to a oversimplified conclusion. Second, lifting the vein from employee curiosity to service creativity has to consider the roles of knowledge sharing and task autonomy.Originality/valueThis research is the first to contribute to the service innovation literature by revealing the underlying mechanisms through which different types of employee curiosity affect service creativity and uncovering the moderating roles of task autonomy in the process mechanisms.

scholarly journals Analysis and validation of the PTVA tsunami building vulnerability model using the 2015 Chile post-tsunami damage data in Coquimbo and La Serena cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1703-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Izquierdo ◽  
Eduardo Fritis ◽  
Manuel Abad
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Building Vulnerability ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Vulnerability Model ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Land Use Policies ◽  
Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment

Abstract. Chile is highly exposed to tsunami hazard from large earthquakes often occurring along the Peru–Chile trench, like the 16 September 2015 event. However, only recently has tsunami hazard been considered in the land-use policies of the Chilean coast. These new regulations must enforce the identification of the most vulnerable sectors of the Chilean coastal cities. This paper analyses and validates the two latest versions of the Papathoma Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment (PTVA) model in the 2015 tsunami reconstructed scenario in the cities of La Serena and Coquimbo. Both models result in a similar number of very high and high relative vulnerability index (RVI) scores. However, the less vulnerable categories do not show a similar trend and the PTVA-4 model obtains a larger number of minor and average RVI scores. When compared to the damages caused by the tsunami, the PTVA-3 shows a more similar distribution to the actual damages than that obtained by the PTVA-4 model, which shows a more concentrated distribution of the RVI scores. These results suggest this version of the model should be used in Chilean coastal cities in future land-use or mitigation planning.

Vulnerability curves vs. vulnerability indices. Which method explains loss best?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Roesch ◽  
Maria Papathoma-Köhle ◽  
Sven Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Mountain Rivers ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Vulnerability Curve ◽  
Impact Forces ◽  
Vulnerability Model ◽  
Vulnerability Indicators ◽  
Damage Data

<p>Mountain rivers are characterized by dynamic flooding with variable amounts of sediment erosion, deposition and remobilisation (Sturm et al., 2018); typical hazard processes include fluvial sediment transport, debris flows and related phenomena. In Europe, such processes repeatedly result in considerable damage to infrastructure and buildings on a local and regional level.</p><p>The physical vulnerability of buildings to dynamic flooding has been approached mainly with two methods until now: vulnerability curves and vulnerability indices. Each approach has its drawbacks and advantages (Papathoma-Köhle, 2016; Papathoma-Köhle et al., 2019). In the present study, damage data from a relatively recent event in the European Alps are used for the application of both methods. The event occurred in the municipality of See situated in the Paznaun valley in Tirol, Austria, in 2015. A new vulnerability curve is developed based on data from 21 buildings. An existing vulnerability index is also applied in the area. The results of both methods are compared with each other and with the actual loss of the event. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis regarding two input parameters (intensity and degree of loss) is performed for both the vulnerability curve and the vulnerability index. The results are mirrored against a recently developed vulnerability model for dynamic flooding in mountain areas (Fuchs et al., 2019), and possible model improvements are discussed.</p><p> </p><p>References</p><p>Fuchs, S., Heiser, M., Schlögl, M., Zischg, A., Papathoma-Köhle, M., and Keiler, M.: Short communication: A model to predict flood loss in mountain areas, Environmental Modelling and Software, 117, 176-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.03.026, 2019.</p><p>Papathoma-Köhle, M.: Vulnerability curves vs. vulnerability indicators: application of an indicator-based methodology for debris-flow hazards, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 16, 1771-1790, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1771-2016, 2016.</p><p>Papathoma-Köhle, M., Schlögl, M., and Fuchs, S.: Vulnerability indicators for natural hazards: an innovative selection and weighting approach, Scientific Reports, 9, Article 15026, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50257-2, 2019.</p><p>Sturm, M., Gems, B., Keller, F., Mazzorana, B., Fuchs, S., Papathoma-Köhle, M., and Aufleger, M.: Experimental analyses of impact forces on buildings exposed to fluvial hazards, Journal of Hydrology, 565, 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.07.070, 2018.</p>

scholarly journals A White Matter Connection of Schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kochunov ◽  
Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu ◽  
Neda Jahanshad ◽  
Paul M Thompson ◽  
Meghann C Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Regional Vulnerability ◽  
Cohen's D

Abstract Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe psychiatric illness associated with an elevated risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Both SZ and AD have white matter abnormalities and cognitive deficits as core disease features. We hypothesized that aging in SZ patients may be associated with the development of cerebral white matter deficit patterns similar to those observed in AD. We identified and replicated aging-related increases in the similarity between white matter deficit patterns in patients with SZ and AD. The white matter “regional vulnerability index” (RVI) for AD was significantly higher in SZ patients compared with healthy controls in both the independent discovery (Cohen’s d = 0.44, P = 1·10–5, N = 173 patients/230 control) and replication (Cohen’s d = 0.78, P = 9·10–7, N = 122 patients/64 controls) samples. The degree of overlap with the AD deficit pattern was significantly correlated with age in patients (r = .21 and .29, P < .01 in discovery and replication cohorts, respectively) but not in controls. Elevated RVI-AD was significantly associated with cognitive measures in both SZ and AD. Disease and cognitive specificities were also tested in patients with mild cognitive impairment and showed intermediate overlap. SZ and AD have diverse etiologies and clinical courses; our findings suggest that white matter deficits may represent a key intersecting point for these 2 otherwise distinct diseases. Identifying mechanisms underlying this white matter deficit pattern may yield preventative and treatment targets for cognitive deficits in both SZ and AD patients.

scholarly journals Damage Assessment of an SRC Frame-Core Tube Structure under the Action of a Main Aftershock Sequence

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Qingxuan Shi ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Siusiu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Main Shock ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Aftershock Sequence ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Core Tube ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Demand ◽  
Tube Structure

Historical seismic damage data show that most strong earthquakes are accompanied by multiple intense aftershocks. In general, the time interval between the main shock and the aftershocks is relatively short, and structure repair work is often not completed before the aftershocks occur. For a structure that has suffered damage from the main shock, the aftershock will further aggravate the damage and even cause complete collapse. Based on the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method, this paper establishes a probabilistic seismic demand model for the SRC framework-core tube structure and plots the vulnerability curve of a structure under the action of the main aftershock sequence, which occurs following the actions of frequent earthquakes, fortification earthquakes, and rare earthquakes. The structure vulnerability matrix and the vulnerability index are used to evaluate the seismic performance of a structure. This study found that the occurrence of aftershocks leads the structure to a more unfavourable failure state. Taking the vulnerability index as an evaluation parameter, the structural vulnerability index when subjected to an intensity 8 earthquake under the action of the main aftershock is approximately 10% larger than under the action of a single main shock. Meanwhile, the SRC frame-core structure designed according to the current Chinese specifications meets the expected seismic fortification target, even after being acted upon by the main aftershock ground motion sequence.

Comparative Analysis of AE Signals from Damage Processes of Concrete Using Different Sensors

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 3169-3173
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zheng Zheng Xu ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Gui Juan Lu ◽  
Hai Tao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Main Research ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Concrete Damage ◽  
Damage Process ◽  
Ae Signal ◽  
Concrete Testing ◽  
Damage Processes ◽  
Ae Signals

Choosing appropriate acoustic emission (AE) sensors is crucial for the research of concrete damage failure processes using AE technology. In this paper, concrete testing under axial tension and compression is used as the main research method, and the choices of AE sensors in monitoring the fracture process of concrete are studied using digital parameters-waveform AE acquire system and four different types of AE sensors. The result showed that the broadband sensor received more signals and their frequency is wider, Broadband sensor shows certain technical advantage in monitoring the damage process of concrete under different stress conditions, embodied as collecting wider frequency range of AE signal, especially the high frequency produced in the anaphase of loading.

scholarly journals Input manipulation, enhancement and processing: Theoretical views and empirical research

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Benati
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Instructional Interventions ◽  
Specific Question ◽  
Processing Instruction ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Target Form ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Instructed Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Original Question ◽  
Conducting Research

Researchers in the field of instructed second language acquisition have been examining the issue of how learners interact with input by conducting research measuring particular kinds of instructional interventions (input-oriented and meaning-based). These interventions include such things as input flood, textual enhancement and processing instruction. Although the findings are not completely conclusive on whether these instructional interventions have an impact on acquisition, it is clear that we have witnessed a shift in the field from the original question “Does instruction make a difference?” to the more specific question “Does manipulating input make a difference?” In this article, the key classroom-based research conducted to measure the relative effects of different types of enhancement and manipulation is reviewed. Three main research foci are considered: (a) research measuring the effects of saturating the input with the target form (input flood), (b) research measuring the effects of different types of textual enhancements to draw learners’ attention to the target form, and (c) research measuring input restructuring to improve interpretation and processing of target forms or structures (processing instruction).   

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