scholarly journals Appraisal of Experimental Methods to Manage Menopause and Infertility: Intraovarian Platelet-Rich Plasma vs. Condensed Platelet-Derived Cytokines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Scott Sills ◽  
Samuel H Wood
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Patient Screening ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Fertility Potential ◽  
Infertility Patients

The first published description of intraovarian platelet-rich plasma (PRP) appeared in mid-2016, when a new experimental technique was successfully used in adult human ovaries to correct the reduced fertility potential accompanying advanced maternal age. Considering the potential therapeutic scope of intraovarian activated PRP and/or condensed platelet cytokines would likely cover both menopause treatment and infertility, the mainstream response has ranged from skeptical disbelief to welcome astonishment. Indeed, reports of restored menses in menopause (as an alternative to conventional hormone replacement therapy) and healthy term livebirths for infertility patients (either with IVF or as unassisted conceptions) after intraovarian PRP injection continue to draw notice. Yet any proper criticism of ovarian PRP applications will be difficult to rebut given the heterogenous patient screening, varied sample preparations, wide differences in platelet incubation and activation protocols, surgical/anesthesia techniques, and delivery methods. Notwithstanding these features, no adverse events have been reported thus far and ovarian PRP appears well tolerated by patients. Here, early research guiding the transition of ‘ovarian rejuvenation’ from experimental to clinical is outlined. Likely mechanisms are presented to explain results observed in both veterinary and human ovarian PRP research. Current and future challenges for intraovarian cytokine treatment are also discussed.

scholarly journals Appraisal of Experimental Methods to Manage Menopause and Infertility: Intraovarian Platelet-Rich Plasma vs. Condensed Platelet-Derived Cytokines

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
E. Sills ◽  
Samuel Wood
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Patient Screening ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Fertility Potential ◽  
Human Ovaries ◽  
Infertility Patients

The first published description of intraovarian platelet-rich plasma (PRP) appeared in mid-2016, when a new experimental technique was successfully used in adult human ovaries to correct the reduced fertility potential accompanying advanced maternal age. Considering the potential therapeutic scope of intraovarian PRP would likely cover both menopause and infertility, the mainstream response has ranged from skeptical disbelief to welcome astonishment. Indeed, reports of intraovarian PRP leading to restored menses in menopause (as an alternative to conventional hormone replacement therapy) and healthy term livebirths for infertility patients (from IVF or as unassisted conceptions) continue to draw notice. Yet, any proper criticism of ovarian PRP applications will be difficult to rebut given the heterogenous patient screening, varied sample preparations, wide differences in platelet incubation and activation protocols, surgical/anesthesia techniques, and delivery methods. Notwithstanding these aspects, no adverse events have thus far been reported and ovarian PRP appears well tolerated by patients. Here, early studies guiding the transition of ‘ovarian rejuvenation’ from experimental to clinical are outlined, with mechanisms to explain results observed in both veterinary and human ovarian PRP research. Current and future challenges for intraovarian cytokine treatment are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Scientific and Cultural Journey to Ovarian Rejuvenation: Background, Barriers, and Beyond the Biological Clock

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Eric Scott Sills
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Sex Reassignment Surgery ◽  
Older Woman ◽  
Music And Literature ◽  
Intractable Problem

Female age has been known to define reproductive outcome since antiquity; attempts to improve ovarian function may be considered against a sociocultural landscape that foreshadows current practice. Ancient writs heralded the unlikely event of an older woman conceiving as nothing less than miraculous. Always deeply personal and sometimes dynastically pivotal, the goal of achieving pregnancy often engaged elite healers or revered clerics for help. The sorrow of defeat became a potent motif of barrenness or miscarriage lamented in art, music, and literature. Less well known is that rejuvenation practices from the 1900s were not confined to gynecology, as older men also eagerly pursued methods to turn back their biological clock. This interest coalesced within the nascent field of endocrinology, then an emerging specialty. The modern era of molecular science is now offering proof-of-concept evidence to address the once intractable problem of low or absent ovarian reserve. Yet, ovarian rejuvenation by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) originates from a heritage shared with both hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and sex reassignment surgery. These therapeutic ancestors later developed into allied, but now distinct, clinical fields. Here, current iterations of intraovarian PRP are discussed with historical and cultural precursors centering on cell and tissue regenerative effects. Intraovarian PRP thus shows promise for women in menopause as an alternative to conventional HRT, and to those seeking pregnancy—either with advanced reproductive technologies or as unassisted conceptions.

Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Androgenic Alopecia: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (06) ◽  
pp. 631-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Chen ◽  
Natalie Justicz ◽  
Linda Lee
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Androgenic Alopecia ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Facial Plastic Surgery ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Facial Plastic ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Good Patient Satisfaction

AbstractThe use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become increasingly commonplace in facial plastic surgery for the treatment of androgenic alopecia (AGA). However, this treatment remains novel with a range of application techniques and outcomes described in the literature. Herein, the authors systematically review the existing literature on the use and efficacy of PRP for AGA. Systematic review of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed. Case reports were excluded. Twenty-four papers met inclusion criteria for this study: 8 randomized control trials and 16 prospective cohort studies. Twenty-one studies used clinical criteria to diagnose AGA, while three used confirmatory biopsies. PRP was injected with or without the use of a numbing agent, and most studies performed multiple injections (three or more separated by several weeks). Twenty-one studies reported positive outcomes by objective criteria (88%), while three suggested that there was no clinical improvement, although in two of these studies patients still reported increased satisfaction. There were no complications reported other than transient edema/erythema and pain/headache associated with the procedure. The existing literature suggests that PRP is a low-risk intervention to treat AGA associated with good patient satisfaction and objective improvements in outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize preparation and delivery methods as well as standardize measurements of clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Distribusi Kekerasan Metode Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) dan Metode Wet Machining Pada Material Al-Zn

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Wildan Shofiyandi ◽  
Heri Yudiono
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Dry Machining ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Minimum Quantity ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Coolant Delivery

This study aims to determine the influence of three different coolant delivery methods, namely dry machining, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL), and wet machining. This is quantitative research with the use of experimental methods. Data were collected through observation. Data analysis techniques being used was descriptive statistics. In MQL methods, the use of coolant is minimized by mixing it with high-pressurized air. It is shown from the obtained data that the use of MQL methods is not as good as the wet machining. The hardness distribution of wet machining method is lower than the MQL. This was observed from the machining chips of the two methods. The chips from the MQL method were darker than the wet machining method. This finding showed that the heat generated from the MQL was higher than that of wet machining. The Al and Zn bonds in the MQL method is considered to be denser.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh penggunaan metode pemberian coolant yang berbeda, 3 metode yang digunakan adalah metode dry machining, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL), dan wet machining.  Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Untuk teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif. Metode MQL merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk meminimalisir penggunaan coolant dengan mencampurkannya dengan udara bertekanan tinggi. Data yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode MQL belum sebaik penggunaan metode wet machining. Distribusi kekerasan metode wet machining lebih rendah daripada MQL. Hal tersebut dapat terlihat dari geram yang dihasilkan oleh kedua penggunaan metode tersebut, geram yang dihasilkan dari metode MQL lebih gelap daripada metode wet machining. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa, panas yang dihasilkan dari metode MQL lebih tinggi daripada panas yang dihasilkan dari metode wet machining panas tersebut mempengaruhi ikatan Al dan Zn pada metode MQL menjadi lebih rapat.

On attitudes toward philosophy and psychology in German psychiatry, 1867–1917

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Engstrom
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Biological Psychiatry ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Emil Kraepelin ◽  
Research Paradigms ◽  
Wilhelm Wundt ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychological Dimensions

Chapter 17 examines the disciplinary threshold between psychiatry, philosophy, and psychology in late nineteenth-century Germany. It begins with a brief sketch of the post-Hegelian crisis before drawing on the work of several protagonists (Wilhelm Wundt, Emil Kraepelin, and Theodor Ziehen) to explore how that crisis influenced psychiatry, and then how they interpreted the relationship between psychiatry and philosophy, discussing some of the exchanges that transpired across the disciplinary threshold, and illustrating how these exchanges shaped the development of psychiatry. Specifically, it argues that much of Kraepelin’s early research encountered a well-entrenched, antimetaphysical bias within his profession, and how he (among many others) drew on experimental methods developed in the neighboring fields of philosophy and psychology in order to introduce new psychological dimensions into the overwhelmingly neuropsychiatric research paradigms of his day. Although remembered mainly for his contributions to the history of so-called biological psychiatry, Kraepelin’s career and research were initially inspired by the methods and promise of early Wundtian experimental psychology.

Type 1 diabetes glycemic management: Insulin therapy, glucose monitoring, and automation

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 373 (6554) ◽  
pp. 522-527
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Perkins ◽  
Jennifer L. Sherr ◽  
Chantal Mathieu
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Delivery Routes

Despite innovations in insulin therapy since its discovery, most patients living with type 1 diabetes do not achieve sufficient glycemic control to prevent complications, and they experience hypoglycemia, weight gain, and major self-care burden. Promising pharmacological advances in insulin therapy include the refinement of extremely rapid insulin analogs, alternate insulin-delivery routes, liver-selective insulins, add-on drugs that enhance insulin effect, and glucose-responsive insulin molecules. The greatest future impact will come from combining these pharmacological solutions with existing automated insulin delivery methods that integrate insulin pumps and glucose sensors. These systems will use algorithms enhanced by machine learning, supplemented by technologies that include activity monitors and sensors for other key metabolites such as ketones. The future challenges facing clinicians and researchers will be those of access and broad clinical implementation.

scholarly journals Increased Mean Platelet Volume after Oestrogen Replacement Therapy

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
L R Ranganath ◽  
J Christofides ◽  
M J Semple
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Post Menopausal

The effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on platelet size was examined in 38 post-menopausal women before and at end of a 6 week period of HRT. Subjects were treated with cyclical L-norgestrel 75 mg daily from days 17 to 28 of a 28-day cycle combined with continuous conjugated equine oestrogens 0.625 mg daily. Platelet-rich plasma was obtained to measure platelet indices by Coulter analysis. Plasma measurements of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and 17β-oestradiol were measured by immunoassays. Platelet membrane fatty acids were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. A significant reduction in platelet membrane linoleic acid, di-homo-γ-linoleic acid and arachidonic acid of 8.1%, 14.3% and 17.8%, respectively was noted after 6 weeks of HRT ( P < 0.01). There was an increase in the platelet count (not significant) and platelet volume (MPV) ( P < 0.05) after 6 weeks of hormone therapy. HRT appears to increase mean platelet volume which may indicate an increase in platelet reactivity. There was no correlation between the changes in mean platelet volume and membrane fatty acid changes in platelets after such therapy.

scholarly journals Specific Proposals for Innovation Teaching and Its Impact on Future Challenges for Basic Level Pupils

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Yassir M Mahgoub
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basic Level ◽  
Experimental Group

<p>This paper primarily aims at exploring the impact of innovation teaching on future challenges for basic level pupils.<br />The descriptive analytical and experimental methods are used in this research. The researcher can put specific proposals for innovation teaching for basic level pupils.<br />The study sample consists of pupils totaling (20) pupils of the basic schools of the University of Khartoum - Republic of the Sudan.<br />Innovation and creativity are part of the essential skills that enable students to meet with future challenges, can implement a number of tips and techniques that can help students to think creatively and find solutions for future problems.<br />The results showed there are significant differences between the experimental group and control group before and after the test, which confirms that students of the basic schools will be more interested in the future challenges as measured by a survey given before and after the program.<br />The researcher recommended the Ministry of Education should develop a plan focusing on the development of the children creative abilities of the basic level pupils, because student at this level tends to invent things or find solutions.</p>

scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes of Sildenafil Application in Patients of Poor Endometrial Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiling Guo ◽  
Jianan Lv ◽  
Hua Xin ◽  
Yuchen Yan ◽  
wei zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Biochemical Pregnancy ◽  
Intracytoplasmatic Sperm Injection ◽  
Infertility Patients

Abstract Problem: Does sildenafil have an effect on pregnancy outcomes in patients with poor endometrial development?Methods: This study included 472 infertility patients who underwent in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmatic sperm injection and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-FET) and suffered from poor endometrial development in the hormone replacement cycle (HRC) from April 2017 to July 2019. The patients were divided into two groups: the sildenafil group(n=88) and the control group(n=384). Endometrial thicknesses and types on endometrial transformation day, as well as pregnancy outcomes after FET (biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, early abortion, late abortion, and live birth rates) between two groups were analyzed. Results: No significant differences were observed in endometrial thicknesses and types on endometrial transformation day between the sildenafil group and the control group. There were also no statistically significant differences in pregnancy outcomes between the two groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, the application of sildenafil could not improve endometrial thickness and type of the day of endometrial transformation and the growth of endometrial thickness. Moreover, the sildenafil was not closely related to clinical pregnancy outcomes.Conclusions: Sildenafil could not better endometrial development and pregnancy outcomes in patients with poor endometrial development.

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