scholarly journals FEEDING HABITS OF Lutjanus synagris (TELEOSTEI: LUTJANIDAE) IN THE AMAZON COAST OF THE NORTHEAST REGION OF BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackellynne Fernanda Farias FERNANDES ◽  
Jailza FREITAS ◽  
Yago Bruno Silveira NUNES ◽  
Rafael Santos LOBATO ◽  
Marina Bezerra FIGUEIREDO
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
The Relationship

The feeding habit of lane snapper Lutjanus synagris was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, related to seasonality, its ontogenetic development, and the relationship between food and biotic and abiotic conditions on the Amazon Coast of Maranhão, between June 2018 and May 2019. Numerical, gravimetric, and ecological index methods were used to show the relative importance or preference of a category or food item in the diet. The food composition was studied related to the sex, size of the predator and seasonality. Of 359 stomachs sampled, 54 were empty due to regurgitation and presented a vacuity coefficient (Cv%) of 15.04%. In the analysis of diets between the sexes, it was possible to identify a greater participation of fish (30.43%) and Crabs (26.10%) for females, Shrimp (36.23%) and Organic Matter Not Identified (OMNI) (18.84%) in males. The diet showed spatial differences in length distributions. The analysis of stomach contents showed the presence synthetic materials (mesoplastics ranging from 5.0 mm to 2.5 cm) in 5.52% of the samples. The main food items found were from the Brachyura and Caridea species. The results clearly demonstrate that lane snapper prefers benthic prey, presenting a carnivorous and generalist-opportunistic habit. Its diet is also composed of demersal-pelagic species, such as Cephalopods and Teleost fish.

scholarly journals Aspectos da alimentação natural de Larimus breviceps Cuvier, 1830, proveniente do litoral norte da Paraíba, Brasil

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (52) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Andreza Da Silva Nascimento ◽  
Jonas De Assis Almeida Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Fish Feeding ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Index Of Relative Importance ◽  
Social Importance

<p>The knowledge of natural fish feeding is important to understand the species feeding habits and how they interact with the environment. In addition to that, this kind of research can provide relevant data to improve the capture of these animals, considering their economy and social importance. This study aimed to analyze the food composition of Larimus breviceps specimens from the northern coast of Cabedelo city, evaluating the importance of each food item for their diet. The specimens came from the local artisanal fisheries. In laboratory, the individuals were identified, measured and dissected to remove the stomachs content and then examined. Three different analyzes were performed, percentage by frequency of occurrence, by number and by weight, then the index of relative importance (IRI%) was computed. In total, 30 stomachs were analyzed, 15 distinct food items were identified, the most representative prey were fish fragments, Copepoda, Gammaridae, Decapoda (shrimp), algal fragments and synthetic material. Given the results, the diet of this species becomes more diversified as young individuals reach the adults size, and ingest marine debris which indicates an anthropogenic impact.</p>

scholarly journals Feeding Habits of Different Fish Species in Negombo Lagoon

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Neetha Punchihewa ◽  
M.P.C. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Filamentous Algae ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Plant Matter

To investigate the feeding habits of different fish species in Negombo lagoon, fish species were collected from Kadolkele and Liyanagemulla sites during February 2015 to July 2015 using a drag net. Collected specimens were preserved in 5% formalin. Later, the fish specimens were dissected, and stomach contents were mixed with water to make a suspension. One ml of suspension was added to the Sedgewick Rafter cell, and examined under the light microscope. The occurrence %, volume %, numbers %, and the Relative Importance Values (RIV) were calculated. The gut contents of 62 samples from 12 fish species were analyzed; 11 species were found to feed on mangroves, 10 on seagrasses, and 8 on filamentous algae. 13 food items were identified. Most of the analysed fish were categorized as omnivores and opportunistic feeders. The juvenile fish mainly feed on a combination of mangroves, seagrasses and filamentous algae. Apart from plant matter, the juvenile fish were found to feed upon Cyclops sp. and mysids. Although Hemirhamphus marginatus is an omnivore, it specially fed on mangroves, seagrasses and filamentous algae. Furthermore, H. marginatus consumed common food items in both habitats except mangroves and molluscs, and the shifting of its diet was depended on the availability of food. The broadest niche breadth was recorded by H. marginatus and the shortest niche breadth by the herbivorous fish species, Siganus vermiculatus and Liza macrolepis. Caranx sexfasciatus exhibited an ontogenetic shift in their diet. The smaller C. sexfasciatus was a carnivore and the larger individuals of the same species were herbivores.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation on diet of juvenile Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 (Ladyfish) in the Parnaiba River Delta

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Araujo Santos ◽  
Thamires Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Patricia Silva do Nascimento ◽  
Cézar Augusto Freire Fernandes ◽  
Francisca Edna de Andrade Cunha
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Importance Index

Abstract: Aim Identify seasonal variations in the diet of juvenile living in the estuary of the Parnaíba River Delta. Methods Food items were identified through analysis of stomach contents, and later submitted to analysis by regular methods for Frequency of Occurrence (FO), Frequency Numerical (FN), Gravimetric Frequency (FW) and Relative Importance Index (IRI). Results Juvenile diet of Elops saurus that inhabit the lagoons in the Parnaíba delta was composed in order decreasing of importance by Osteichthyes (Teleostei), Insecta and Crustacea in addition to Polychaeta and Nematoda. It was also observed a high frequency of occurrence of fragments of plastics in the diet. In the rainy season, 17 items were recorded in the diet, whereas in the dry season only 7 items were present. Relative Importance Index showed high presence of the Teleostei fish (69.93%) on diet of E. saurus during the rainy season, whereas during the dry period the insects of the families Corixidae (43.25%) and Dysticidae (39.16%). Conclusions With the study it was possible to identify that juvenile are piscivorous in the rainy season when there is a higher availability of prey in the environment and insectivores in the dry season when it reduces the supply of food, indicating feeding flexibility to environmental alterations.

scholarly journals Food Habits and Diet Relationship in the Redbelly Tilapia (Tilapia zillii) and Guenther’s Mouthbrooder (Chromidotilapia guntheri) from an Abandoned Gold Mine Reservoir, Southwestern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Olusola Olaniyi KOMOLAFE ◽  
Timothy Olalekan AMOO ◽  
Michael Olufemi AWODIRAN
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Tilapia Zillii ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
Food And Feeding ◽  
Index Value

The food and feeding habits of the redbelly Tilapia (Tilapia zillii) and Guenther’s mouthbrooder (Chromidotilapia guntheri) were investigated in an abandoned gold mine reservoir at Igun from June 2013 to May 2014. Using a cast net and gill-net fishing gears, 370 fish individuals were caught and their stomach contents were analysed by using the frequency of occurrence and numerical methods. Tilapia zillii comprised 53.78% (199 individuals), while Chromidotilapia guntheri covered up the remaining percentage (46.22%) which is made up of 171 individuals. Food items in the stomachs of T. zillii individuals predominantly consisted of detritus, mud and algae (77.97%), while those in C. guntheri individuals mostly consisted fish remains, detritus and algae (81.67%). T. zillii exploited more food items (23 of 27) as compared to C. guntheri (17 of 27). The Schoener’s index value for the species was 0.65. The study showed that T. zillii and C. guntheri exhibited benthopelagic exploitation and are mainly herbivorous and omnivorous respectively based on the food items observed in the stomach contents of these species. The fish species fed on related food items as confirmed by Schoener’s overlap index (0.65), suggesting that there was overlap in the dietary requirements of the two species. This index value, however, was probably not an indication of competition for food between these two species because they exploited abundant food sources.

scholarly journals Feeding ecology of the crab Munida subrugosa (Decapoda: Anomura: Galatheidae) in the Beagle Channel, Argentina

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carolina Romero ◽  
Gustavo A. Lovrich ◽  
Federico Tapella ◽  
Sven Thatje
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Beagle Channel ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Munida subrugosa is the most abundant galatheid crab species in the Beagle Channel (55°S 68°W) off Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Samples of crabs and the epibenthic community were taken on a monthly basis at two different depth strata (<40 m and >70 m), by means of epibenthic trawling from 1998 to 1999. Stomach contents from 1582 crabs were analysed, out of which only 2% had empty stomachs. The quantity of food in the stomach contents was clearly seasonal and similar at both depths. The organic matter varied throughout the year and between both depths, being significantly higher in summer/spring than in autumn/winter. Munida subrugosa shows two different and simultaneous feeding habits: (1) as a predator M. subrugosa feeds on crustaceans, algae, and polychaetes; and (2) as a deposit feeder M. subrugosa consumes particulate organic matter and organisms associated with the superficial layer of the sediment. The composition of the diet of Munida subrugosa was similar for both years, and independent of depth, sex or season. Munida subrugosa selected crustaceans only in autumn and winter, whereas most food items were found according to their availability in the habitat.

Trophic ecology of a benthic intertidal hydroid, Tubularia crocea, at Mar del Plata, Argentina

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel N. Genzano
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Food Items ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prey Items

The trophic ecology and seasonal changes in the diet of the intertidal hydrozoan Tubularia crocea were studied analysing the enteron contents of hydranths collected each season of the year. The relationship between feeding rate, prey availability, and re-suspension processes caused by tidal currents was also assessed. The most prevalent food items were diatoms and crustaceans. The most remarkable differences occurred during summer, when crustaceans were more abundant than diatoms. Conversely, diatoms were the most abundant prey during other seasons, and they were almost the only prey found during winter. There was no relationship between abundances of primary prey items in the water column and their occurrences in stomach contents. Instead, most prey items consisted of benthic organisms, primarily two species of diatoms (Grammatophora marina and Licmophora abreviatta) and fragments (usually appendages) of the amphipods Caprella sp. and Jassa falcata. Most food items were digested within 4–4·5 hours. The mean number of items captured per polyp per day was determined to be 115·2±19·2 in summer, 93·6±14·4 in autumn, 76·8±21·6 in winter and 199·2±31·2 in spring. Prey biomass (dry weight) polyp−1 d−1 was 5·1 μg in summer, 2·3 μg in autumn, 1·8 μg in winter, and 6·3 μg in spring. These values, in relation to hydranth biomass (55·3 μg; dry weight), were equivalent to a food intake polyp−1 d−1 of 9·3%, 4·2%, 3·2% and 11·5% of its own weight, respectively.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of Lithobates megapoda (Anura: Ranidae), a threatened leopard frog used for human consumption, in Lake Chapala, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
José Luis Barragán-Ramírez ◽  
Benjamín Hernández ◽  
María Guadalupe Velarde-Aguilar ◽  
Oscar Pérez-Flores ◽  
José Luis Navarrete-Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Prey Type ◽  
Leopard Frog ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Prey Category ◽  
Lake Chapala

The Big-footed Leopard Frog (Lithobates megapoda) is a threatened and endemic species from western Mexico. This species has aquatic habits and it is distinguished by its large size, particularly by the length of its legs, reason for which it is captured for human consumption. Also, knowledge about its natural history is scarce and incomplete. In this study, we analyzed the composition of the diet of L. megapoda on the shore of Lake Chapala, the largest lake in Mexico. A total of 69 adult individuals were collected lifeless in fishing nets, during the rainy season (June-October), of which 48 had stomach contents. A total of 96 prey items were identified, which correspond to 13 prey categories. Fish constituted the most dominant prey category in the diet in terms of number, volume, frequency of occurrence, and relative importance. No significant differences were found in the consumption by prey type (aquatic or terrestrial). However, the aquatic preys had a greater relative importance and were more voluminous than the terrestrial ones. The diversity of prey categories, in terms of prey volume, indicates males may have a higher dietary diversity than females, but we not evaluated possible bias. In addition, a significant effect was found in the interaction of size (SVL) of frogs with the average of prey volume. Females (that are larger than males) consumed prey within a wide volume range and, the larger they are, more voluminous are prey. In this way it is possible that intraspecific competition for trophic resources in the environment is reduced. This study helps us understand the trophic ecology of L. megapoda, a frog species that plays an important role in the food web where it lives, as a predator feeding on aquatic and terrestrial organisms.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of Aspitrigla cuculus (L., 1758) (red gurnard), Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lac., 1802) (large scale gurnard) and Trigloporus lastoviza (Brunn., 1768) (rock gurnard) around Cyclades and Dodecanese Islands (E. Mediterranean)

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. TERRATS ◽  
G. PETRAKIS ◽  
C. PAPACONSTANTINOU
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Bottom Trawling ◽  
Percentage Frequency ◽  
Index Of Relative Importance

The feeding habits of the three most abundant gurnard species, red gurnard (Aspitrigla cuculus), large scale gurnard (Lepidotrigla cavillone) and rock gurnard (Trigloporus lastoviza) in the eastern Mediterranean (Dodecanese and Cyclades, Greece) are examined. The stomach contents of the gurnard specimens collected in April and September 1996 by bottom trawling were analyzed. The % frequency of occurrence, % number and % weight of prey types in the stomach contents were evaluated. By weight, Mysidacea and Decapoda dominated in the diet of the three species in both seasons, however the Index of Relative Importance, as well as the percentage frequency of occurrence varied. Rock gurnard presented the most diverse diet whereas the diet of large scale and red gurnard were more specialized. High overlap in terms of number was found between rock and large scale gurnard in May. Rock gurnard had the most divers diet in both seasons.

scholarly journals Food and Feeding Habits of Black Spot Cat Fish (Auchenoglanis biscutatus) from Lower River Benue, Makurdi

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Edem, Edem Thomas ◽  
Patience B. Opeh
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Food And Feeding

The present study is aimed to provide information on the food and feeding habit of adult Auchenoglanis biscutatus in Lower River Benue. The natural food of A. biscutatus in the Lower River Benue was studied from stomach contents of the fish. The stomach contents were analyzed using two methods; the frequency of occurrence and point methods. A total of 100 stomachs were randomly examined. Eleven major items constituted the diet of A. biscutatus. The stomach content analysis of A. biscutatus have shown that they fed on the various food items ranging from plant parts, detritus, seeds, digested food particles, fish parts, mollusc, sand/mud, insect parts and algae. This indicates that A. biscutatus is an omnivorous bottom feeder since; bottom dwelling immature insects dominated most of the food items of animal origin, digested food and detritus. A. biscutatus in Lower Benue River feeds on a wide range of food items which could make it to be regarded as an omnivore. Future attempts to culture this species must take cognizance of its food habits in the wild.

scholarly journals Natural diet and feeding habits of a freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium carcinus: Crustacea, Decapoda) in the estuary of the Amazon River

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jô de Farias Lima ◽  
Jamile da Silva Garcia ◽  
Thibério Carvalho da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Stomach Analysis

Macrobrachium carcinus is a Brazilian native prawn with recognized potential for use in aquaculture activities. However, there is little information about the natural diet and feeding habits of this species. The aim of this study was the identification of the diet items of M. carcinus based on the analysis of the stomach contents. Specimens were collected in the Amazon River estuary between January 2009 and January 2010. The stomach analysis was carried out by using the frequency of occurrence (FO), methods of points (MP) and feeding index (FI). It was observed that prawns fed on detritus, animals and plant fragments as the most important food items. Sediment accounted for the main stomach content, accounting for 43.2% by the MP, 44.9% by FI and 100% by the FO. Sexual differences in feeding preferences were not found in this study, and seasonal differences in the frequency of items ingested by M. carcinus were not observed. The results indicated that M. carcinus can be considered omnivorous species, but with an important carnivorous component, similar to that found in other Macrobrachium species.

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