Clinical and pathogenetic significance of antioxidant defense impairments in children with pseudotuberculosis

Objective. To assess the impact of changes in the content of ceruloplasmin and the activity of myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase on an increase in the severity and development of a form of pseudotuberculosis progression in children, to determine prognostic criteria for the formation of a non-smooth progression of the disease. Patients and methods. 125 children with pseudotuberculosis of various severity and progression were examined. The control group consisted of 45 children with health group II. The content of ceruloplasmin, the total peroxidase activity of blood plasma, the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and myeloperoxidase were determined. Results. An increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase and catalase in the acute period of pseudotuberculosis in all groups of children was determined. During the period of early convalescence an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, and catalase against the background of comparable values of ceruloplasmin and glutathione peroxidase activity was observed in children with severe pseudotuberculosis. Conclusion. The results of the study prove that the mechanisms of non-smooth progression formation and an increase in the severity of pseudotuberculosis in children are mediated by an imbalance in the functioning of antiperoxides. A decrease in the activity of glutathione peroxidase due to an increase in the functioning of catalase in erythrocytes, no increase in the content of ceruloplasmin in the blood plasma during the acute period and the period of early convalescence serve as a prognostic criterion for the formation of a more severe degree and non-smooth progression of pseudotuberculosis. Key words: children, pseudotuberculosis, oxidative stress, antioxidant system

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Soapwort extract supplementation alters antioxidant status of serum, liver and heart tissues in growing Japanese quails reared under chronic intermittent cold stress

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201786020159 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 159-165

Author(s):

Bestami Dalkilic ◽

Mehtap Ozcelik ◽

Zafer Cambay ◽

Naci Omer Alayunt ◽

Ulku Gulcihan Simsek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Heart Tissue ◽

Control Group ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽

Japanese Quails ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Oxidant Status

Antioxidant effect of dietary soapwort extract supplementation was studied in growing Japanese quails suffering from chronic intermittent cold stress. For this purpose, a total of ninety 15-d-old quails were divided into three groups with three replicates. Chronic intermittent cold stress was applied every night between 22.00 to 06.00 h; starting at 14 °C for the first week, and gradually weekly lowered to 8 °C. Three groups were fed with corn-soy based standard diets supplemented with 0, 50, and 100 ppm soapwort extract for four weeks. At the end of the study, three males and three females were slaughtered to determine total antioxidant and oxidant status of serum, malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase activity, superoxide dismutase of liver and heart tissues. Although the dietary soapwort extract had no effect on serum total antioxidant capacity, it significantly lowered the total oxidant status of serum in cold stressed quails. Glutathione and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity of liver and heart tissues were similar among groups. While the dietary soapwort extract had no effect on glutathione peroxidase activity of the heart tissue, it significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver tissue. In relation to the control group, malondialdehyde concentrations in the liver and heart tissues were significantly lower in soapwort extract groups. These data suggest that dietary soapwort extract could alleviate the detrimental effects of oxidative stress in growing Japanese quails exposed to cold stress.

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State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

Problems of Uninterrupted Medical Training and Science ◽

10.31071/promedosvity2020.04.032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 32-36

Author(s):

L. K. Parkhomenko ◽

◽

L. A. Strashok ◽

S. I. Turchina ◽

G. V. Kosovtsova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Free Radical ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Free Radical Oxidation ◽

Conjugated Dienes ◽

Delayed Puberty ◽

Control Group ◽

Antioxidant Protection ◽

Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

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Peripheral levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in youths in ultra-high risk for psychosis: a pilot study

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852917000803 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (03) ◽

pp. 333-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maiara Zeni-Graiff ◽

Adiel C. Rios ◽

Pawan K. Maurya ◽

Lucas B. Rizzo ◽

Sumit Sethi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

At Risk ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

High Risk ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Healthy Control Group ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Ultra High Risk ◽

Healthy Control

IntroductionOxidative stress has been documented in chronic schizophrenia and in the first episode of psychosis, but there are very little data on oxidative stress prior to the disease onset.ObjectiveThis work aimed to compare serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in young individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis with a comparison healthy control group (HC).MethodsThirteen UHR subjects and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Clinical assessment included the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), the Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I (SCID-I) or the Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Activities of SOD and GPx were measured in serum by the spectrophotometric method using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and years of education, there was a significant lower activity of SOD and lower GPX activity in the UHR group compared to the healthy control group (rate ratio [RR]=0.330, 95% CI 0.187; 0.584, p<0.001 and RR=0.509, 95% CI 0.323; 0.803, p=0.004, respectively). There were also positive correlations between GAF functioning scores and GPx and SOD activities.ConclusionOur results suggest that oxidative imbalances could be present prior to the onset of full-blown psychosis, including in at-risk stages. Future studies should replicate and expand these results.

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Glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) and superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activities in riboflavin-deficient rats infected with Plasmodium berghei malaria

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19980048 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 305-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

D. A. Adelekan ◽

D. I. Thurnham

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Plasmodium Berghei ◽

Control Group ◽

Riboflavin Deficiency ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Parasite Protein ◽

Riboflavin Deficient ◽

Gpx Activity ◽

Deficient Group

Riboflavin deficiency interferes with the growth and multiplication of malaria parasites as well as the host response to malaria. The objective of the present work was to determine the effects of riboflavin deficiency on erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (EC1.11.1.9; GPx) and superoxide dismutase (EC1.15.1.1; SOD) in rats infected withPlasmodium bergheimalaria. Riboflavin in its co-enzyme form, FAD, is required by glutathione reductase (EC1.6.4.1) to regenerate GSH and GSH is an important cellular antioxidant both in its own right and also as a substrate for the enzyme GPx. Weanling rats were deprived of riboflavin for 8 weeks before intraperitoneal injection of 1 × 106P. bergheiparasites. Control animals were weight-matched to the respective riboflavin-deficient group. At 10d post-infection, parasite counts were higher in the weight-matched control group than the riboflavin-deficient group (P= 0.004). GPx activity was higher in erythrocytes of rats parasitized withP. bergheithan comparable non-infected rats regardless of riboflavin status (P< 0.05). As mature erythrocytes do not synthesize new protein, the higher GPx activities were probably due to the presence of the parasite protein. In erythrocytes from riboflavin-deficient rats, GPx activity tended to be lower than in those rats fed on diets adequate in riboflavin (weight-matched controls) whether parasitized or not, but the difference was not significant. Neither riboflavin deficiency nor malaria had any effect on erythrocyte SOD activity. It was concluded that riboflavin deficiency has no marked effect on erythrocyte GPx or SOD activity in the rat.

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Probucol Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-induced Oxidative Apoptosis, p53 and Bax Signal Expression in Rat Cardiac Tissues

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.4161/oxim.3.5.13107 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 308-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Yousif A. Asiri

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Cardiac Tissues

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used drug in cancer chemotherapy and immunosuppression, which could cause toxicity of the normal cells due to its toxic metabolites. Probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug, acts as potential inhibitor of DNA damage and shows to protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system including glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. This study examined the possible protective effects of probucol, a lipid-lowering compound with strong antioxidant properties, against CPinduced cardiotoxicity. This objective could be achieved through studying the gene expression-based on the possible protective effects of probucol against CP-induced cardiac failure in rats. Adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned into four treatment groups: Animals in the first (control) and second (probucol) groups were injected intraperitoneally with corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for two weeks. Animals in the third (CP) and fourth (probucol plus CP) groups were injected with the same doses of corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for one week before and one week after a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg, I.P.). The p53, Bax, Bcl2 and oxidative genes signal expression were measured by real time PCR. CP-induced cardiotoxicity was clearly observed by a significant increase in serum creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) (117%), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (64%), free (69%) and esterified cholesterol (42%) and triglyceride (69%) compared to control group. In cardiac tissues, CP significantly increases the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes, p53 with two-fold and Bax with 1.6-fold, and decreases the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 with 0.5-fold. Moreover, CP caused downregulation of antioxidant genes, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (40%) and ATP/ADP (44%) in cardiac tissues. Probucol pretreatment not only counteracted significantly the CP-induced increase in cardiac enzymes and apoptosis but also induced a significant increase in mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and improved ATP, ATP/ADP, glutathione (GSH) in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, data from the present study suggest that probucol prevents the development of CP-induced cardiotoxicity by a mechanism related, at least in part, to its ability to increase mRNA expression of antioxidant genes and to decrease apoptosis in cardiac tissues with the consequent improvement in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and energy production.

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Antioxidant Effect of MnTE-2-PyP on Lung in Asthma Mice Model

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/379360 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lyudmil Terziev ◽

Violeta Dancheva ◽

Veneta Shopova ◽

Galya Stavreva

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Control Group ◽

Mice Model ◽

Antioxidant Defence ◽

Group 4 ◽

Antioxidant Defence System ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Aim. To investigate the effects of MnTE-2-PyP on some markers of antioxidant defence system in asthma mice model.Material and Methods. The animals were divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin, group 3, treated with MnTE-2-PyP, and group 4, treated with ovalbumin and MnTE-2-PyP. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups content (NPSH) were determined in lung homogenate.Results. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in group 2 decreased significantly as compared to control group. The decrease of the same enzymes in group 4 was lower and significant as compared to group 2. Changes in the glutathione peroxidase activity showed a similar dynamics. The NPSH groups content decreased in group 2. In group 4 this decrease was relatively lower as compared to group 2.Conclusions. The application of MnTE-2-PyP mitigated the effects of oxidative stress in asthma mice model.

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Hippocampal Oxidative Stress Induced by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation and the Neuroprotective Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Rats: A Randomized Control Trial

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2021-0213 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mina Rasouli Mojez ◽

Abbas Ali Gaeini ◽

Siroos Choobineh ◽

Mohsen Sheykhlouvand

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Electromagnetic Radiation ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Control Group ◽

And Control ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation

Background: The present study determined whether 4 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise improves antioxidant capacity on the brain of rats against oxidative stress caused by radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation emitted from cell phones. Methods: Responses of malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as the number of hippocampal dead cells, were examined. Male Wistar rats (10–12 wk old) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups (N = 8): (1) moderate aerobic exercise (EXE) (2 × 15–30 min at 1215 m/min speed with 5 min of active recovery between sets), (2) exposure to 900/1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic waves 3 hours per day (RAD), (3) EXE + RAD, and (4) exposure to an experimental phone without battery. Results: Following the exposure, the number of the hippocampal dead cells was significantly higher in group RAD compared with groups EXE, EXE + RAD, and control group. Malondialdehyde concentration in group RAD was significantly higher than that of groups EXE, EXE + RAD, and control group. Also, the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in groups EXE, EXE + RAD, and control group was significantly higher compared with those of the exposure group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that moderate aerobic exercise enhances hippocampal antioxidant capacity against oxidative challenge in the form of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves.

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Impact of long-term supplementation of zinc and selenium on their content in blood and hair in goats

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/1581-vetmed ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 63-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

L. Pavlata ◽

M. Chomat ◽

A. Pechova ◽

L. Misurova ◽

R. Dvorak

Keyword(s):

Blood Plasma ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Average Concentration ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Selenium Yeast ◽

Hair Samples ◽

The Impact ◽

Se Status

This paper evaluates the impact of long-term supplementation of different forms of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on the content of these substances in the blood and hair of goats. Two analogous supplementation experiments were performed. 37 goats divided into four groups were used in the first trial with the Zn supplementation. Group A (n = 10) was a control group (with no Zn administered). A further three groups (B, C, D) were supplemented with Zn in various forms. Group B (n = 9) with zinc oxide, Group C (n = 9) with zinc lactate and Group D (n = 9) with zinc chelate. The second trial with Se supplementation was carried out on 20 goats divided into four groups. Group E (n = 5) was a control group. The other three groups were administered Se. Group F (n = 5) was supplied with a selenium lactate-protein complex, Group G (n = 5) with sodium selenite and Group H (n = 5) with selenium yeast. Three months later blood and hair samples were taken from all animals and Zn and Se concentrations were determined in whole blood, plasma, and hair. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was determined in the Se supplementation trial group. At the end of the trial the Zn concentrations in plasma and whole blood were without major differences between the groups. The plasma concentration of Zn did not increase from the initial value at the start of the trial. In hair the average concentration of Zn was 95.2–100.0 mg/kg<br />in all groups. No conclusive relation was confirmed between the values of Zn in hair and its concentration in blood. The Se concentration in whole blood (µg/l) at the end of trial in supplemented groups (F – 188.8 ± 24.6; G – 197.2 ± 10.9; H – 190.1 ± 26.3) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in the control group (E – 103.1 ± 23.5). Similarly, the activity of GSH-Px (µkat/l) was significantly higher in all supplemented groups (F – 872.3 ± 94.8; G – 659.5 ± 176.4; H – 839.8 ± 150.8) than in the control group (E – 379.1 ± 63.5). Se content in hair (µg/kg) was higher also in all trial groups (F – 242.3 ± 41.5; G – 200.5 ± 46.9; H – 270.0 ± 106.8) than in the control group (E – 174.7 ± 38.0). However, it was significantly (P < 0.05) higher only in Group F. A conclusive correlation was identified between the Se concentration in whole blood and its content in hair (r = 0.54; P < 0.05; n = 20). Based on the results it can be concluded that none of the supplemented forms of Zn increased its concentration in blood, plasma and hair. On the other hand, the administration of Se led to an increase in the Se concentration in blood, increased the activity of GSH-Px in whole blood and the Se content in hair. Based on the proven correlation and regression relation between the Se concentration in blood and its content in hair, hair can be considered as a suitable material for the diagnosis of long-term Se status in goats. Goats with sufficient Se status are those that have more than 160 µg/kg of Se in hair dry weight.

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