Expression of beta-lactamase genes in multidrug-resistant bacteria

Bacteriology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
A.A. Filippova ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Rubtsova ◽  
M.M. Ulyashova ◽  
N.K. Fursova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria

Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health problem. In recent years, increasing of multi-drug resistant bacteria has been noted, which are resistant to different antimicrobial groups simultaneously, including beta-lactams. The main mechanism of anti-beta-lactam resistance in gram-negative bacteria is synthesis of various beta-lactamases that hydrolyze the antibiotics. The review is devoted to the analysis of data on the expression of beta-lactamase genes by multi-drug resistant bacteria and molecular genetic methods for their determination in RNA transcripts. Key words: antibiotic resistance, transcriptome, molecular genetic methods, beta-lactamases

scholarly journals Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antibacterial Activities, and Synergistic Effects of Novel Juglone and Naphthazarin Derivatives Against Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Duvauchelle ◽  
Chaimae Majdi ◽  
David Bénimélis ◽  
Catherine Dunyach-Remy ◽  
Patrick Meffre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria are a serious threat to human and global public health. Moreover, in recent years, very few antibiotics have been discovered and developed by pharmaceutical companies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover and develop new antibacterial agents to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, two novel series of juglone/naphthazarin derivatives (43 compounds) were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial properties against various clinical and reference Gram-positive MSSA, clinical Gram-positive MRSA, and clinical and reference Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa. These strains are of clinical importance because they belong to ESKAPE pathogens. Compounds 3al, 5ag, and 3bg showed promising activity against clinical and reference MSSA (MIC: 1–8 µg/ml) and good efficacy against clinical MRSA (MIC: 2–8 µg/ml) strains. 5am and 3bm demonstrated better activity on both MSSA (MIC: 0.5 µg/ml) and MRSA (MIC: 2 µg/ml) strains. Their MICs were similar to those of cloxacillin against clinical MRSA strains. The synergistic effects of active compounds 3al, 5ag, 5am, 3bg, and 3bm were evaluated with reference antibiotics, and it was found that the antibiotic combination with 3bm efficiently enhanced the antimicrobial activity. Compound 3bm was found to restore the sensitivity of clinical MRSA to cloxacillin and enhanced the antibacterial activity of vancomycin when they were added together. In the presence of 3bm, the MIC values of vancomycin and cloxacillin were lowered up to 1/16th of the original MIC with an FIC index of 0.313. Moreover, compounds 3al, 5ag, 5am, 3bg, and 3bm did not present hemolytic activity on sheep red blood cells. In silico prediction of ADME profile parameter results for 3bm is promising and encouraging for further development.

scholarly journals Isolation of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria from Aspirates of Cancer Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Sunjukta Ahsan ◽  
Rayhan Mahmud ◽  
Kajal Ahsan ◽  
Shamima Begum
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Esbl Producer ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Isolated Species

Infections due to Gram-negative bacteria are common affairs in cancer patients during aggressive therapy. The present study characterizedmulti-drug resistant bacteria (MDR) isolated from cancer aspirates collected from patients admitted to the National Cancer Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 210 aspirate samples were collected from cancer patients. Out of 210 samples Acinetobacter spp.led the list of isolates (8.89%, n=45). Of these species, 50% exhibited resistance to Amoxycillin and Nitrofurantoin, each, 25% exhibited resistant to Cefotaxime, Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Clindamycin, and Sulfamethoxazole. A total of 33.33% of the Bordetella spp.which accounted 6.67%of the total isolates exhibited resistance to Cefotaxime. All oftheLegionellapneumophila,comprising 4.4%of the isolated species, wereresistant to Cefotaxime, Azithromycin, and Clindamycin.In contrast, 50% were resistant to Cefotaxime, Azithromycin, and Ceftriaxone. Of the Escherichia coli(4.4%, n=45) isolated,50% exhibited resistance to Cefotaxime, Clindamycin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxycillinand Sulfamethoxazole.The only isolate of Klebsiella sp. was demonstrated to be an ESBL producer. The isolation of multidrug resistant bacteria from cancer patients is of particular concern in Bangladesh where cancer and drug resistance are both common phenomena but treatment facilities are poor. To our knowledge this is the first report of the isolation of drug resistant bacteria from cancer patients from Dhaka city. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 1 June 2018, pp 61-66

Tea: An anti-bacterial agent against drug resistant bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2506-2511
Author(s):  
Nayyab Sultan ◽  
Sabahat Javaid Butt ◽  
Wajeeha Mehak ◽  
Samreen Qureshi ◽  
Syed Hamza Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Scientific World

Antibiotics have played a crucial role in the treatment of bacterial infections. Past few decades are marked with advancement of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens, which have endangered antibiotic’s therapeutic efficacy. Scientific world is now struggling with the crisis of MDR pathogens. This supreme matter demands careful attention or otherwise it would jeopardize clinical management of infectious diseases. Implication of alternative approaches can pave a new way in the treatment of these troublesome bacteria. Tea leaves are known to pose antibacterial activity against many pathogenic microorganisms. This review has summarized the antibacterial potential of tea leave’s extracts against resistant bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Acenitobacter spp, Campylobacter spp. Consumption of natural products such as tea may very well replace, minimize or obliterate this complicated situation. Keywords: Anti-bacterial, Tea, Camellia sinensis, Drug resistant bacteria, Antibiotic resistant bacteria, Synergism, Polyphenols.

REVERSION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE WITH BETA-LACTAMASE INHIBITOR FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Sneha Arora ◽  
Shoma Paul Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Lactamase Inhibitor

  Objective: Screening of medicinal plants for the presence of beta-lactamase inhibitor identified three plants; Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellirica, and Ocimum tenuiflorum, extracts of which inhibit beta-lactamase enzyme in vitro. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare beta-lactamase inhibiting potential of these plant extracts.Methods: Extracts of these plants were prepared with 6 solvents of different polarity. Beta-lactamase inhibition study was performed using antibiotic-resistant bacteria in bioassay and by micro-iodometric assay. Multidrug-resistant clinical strains of Escherichia coli and laboratory strain with plasmid carrying beta-lactamase gene as positive control were used.Results: Our results from bioassay, as well as micro-iodometric assay for enzyme activity, confirmed the presence of beta-lactamase inhibitor in these plant extracts. Among the extracts made by different solvents, hexane and ethyl acetate extract of T. chebula, hexane extract of T. bellirica, and all extracts of O. tenuiflorum except dichloromethane, possessed beta-lactamase inhibitor. Multidrug-resistant clinical isolate of E. coli AIIMS-1 could be reverted by applying 50 μg/μl of extract of all the medicinal plants. The micro-iodometric result showed highest beta-lactamase inhibition with O. tenuiflorum extracts. Comparative evaluation of the O. tenuiflorum extracts with increasing concentration of inhibitor suggests that ethyl acetate extract of O. tenuiflorum contains the highest inhibition potential, which is comparable with clavulanic acid.Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract of O. tenuiflorum contain the highest level of beta-lactamase inhibitor, which in the future can be used as an alternative to synthetic beta-lactamase inhibitors that are presently being used to control beta-lactam antibiotic resistance

scholarly journals Polymeric approach to combat drug-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 7265-7285
Author(s):  
Shreya Kanth ◽  
Akshatha Nagaraja ◽  
Yashoda Malgar Puttaiahgowda
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Polymeric Coatings ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria

Abstract The current global death rate has threatened humans due to increase in deadly unknown infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms. On the contrary, the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is also increasing which is leading to elevated lethality rate worldwide. Development of drug-resistant bacteria has become one of the daunting global challenges due to failure in approaching to combat against them. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of those drug-resistant bacteria which has led to increase in global mortality rate causing various lethal infections. Polymer synthesis can be one of the significant approaches to combat MRSA by fabricating polymeric coatings to prevent the spread of infections. This review provides last decade information in the development of various polymers against MRSA. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Penicillinase plasmid Australia type in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Poland

2022 ◽  
Vol 204 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Walter de Walthoffen
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Lactamase Gene ◽  
Chromosomal Mutations ◽  
First Time

Abstract Purpose Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an etiological agent of gonorrhea which remains a major public health problem the mechanisms that determine resistance to drugs of the beta-lactam class, which are recommended for the treatment of gonorrhea, are currently the most important problem in its treatment. Chromosomal mutations are responsible for resistance to ceftriaxone and cefepime. The possibility of mutations in the gene encoding beta-lactamase (blaTEM) in the penicillinase plasmid may also turn out to be a serious threat. Methods The occurrence of resistance encoded on penicillinase plasmid has been investigated. For this purpose, the susceptibility of bacteria was determined and the gene for resistance to beta-lactams as well as the plasmids themselves was typed. Results Of the 333 strains tested, 21 (6.3%) had the beta-lactamase gene and produced penicillinase. Two of the beta-lactamase: TEM-1 and TEM-135 occurred among the tested strains of N. gonorrhoeae. Most of the known penicillinase plasmid types of N. gonorrhoeae were demonstrated: the Asian, the African, the Toronto/Rio plasmids and Australian variants. Conclusions In the first 3 years, TEM-1 beta-lactamases dominated in N. gonorrhoeae, which were replaced by TEM-135 in the following years of the study. Not all molecular methods are capable of varying the types of penicillinase plasmids. A particularly noteworthy observation is the fact that the Australia-type of penicillinase plasmid (3270 bp) was identified for the first time in Europe, and the second time in the world.

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