scholarly journals Estimation Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Mutant Black Rice (M6)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sofian ◽  
Nandariyah Nandariyah ◽  
Djati Waluyo Djoar ◽  
Sutarno Sutarno
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Significant Difference

A better understanding of variability in plant populations is crucial for crop improvement which plant breeders can use through selection. This study aimed to determine selection criteria for the sixth generation of black rice through genetic variability, heritability value and genetic advance. This research was conducted from March to July 2018 at Pakahan Village, Jogonalan Sub-district, Klaten Regency, Central Java, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The variables observed were plant height, total number of tillers and productive tillers, panicle length, number of seeds per panicle, panicle intensity index, weight per panicle, 1,000 seed weight, seed weight per plant, flowering age, harvest age, plot yield, yield per hectare, rice color and total anthocyanin content. Variance analysis showed that there was a very significant difference (p <0.01) among the genotypes tested for all observed characters indicating variability. In this study, the phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) values was relatively higher than the genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) for all traits. However, GCV values were close to PCV values in some characters such as plant height, flowering age, harvest age, rice color and anthocyanin content which showed a high contribution of genotypic effects to the phenotypic expression of these characters. The high heritability and high average value of genetic advance were indicated in the parameters of plant height, flowering age, harvest age, rice color and anthocyanin content. The characters of plant height, flowering age, harvest age, rice color and anthocyanin content can be used as sixth-generation black rice selection criteria.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and correlation path analysis in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.wilczek)

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-416
Author(s):  
MG Azam ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
KS Rahman ◽  
M Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The success of crop improvement program largely depends on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and characters association. This experiment was undertaken to estimate the extent of genetic variability and relation between yield and related characters. Twenty eight mungbean genotypes were grown at Pulses Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna during kharif-I 2015 in a randomized complete block design with three replications to estimate the extent of genetic variability and association between yield and yield related traits. Analysis of variance revealed that all the traits showed highly significant difference among genotypes except seeds per pod. Pods per plant, plant height and 100 seed weight showed high genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV). High broadsense heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for 100 seed weight, days to flower and pods per plant suggesting preponderance of additive gene action for these characters and selection of such traits might be effective for the improvement of grain yield. Seeds per pod, plant height and pods per plant showed positive significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation with yield. The result of path analysis indicated that pods per plant had maximum direct effect on yield followed by plant height and 100 seed weight and they contribute 31% variation in yield.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(3): 407-416, September 2018

Genetic Inconsistency Assessment and Selection Criteria of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.Verdc.) Landraces for High Yield Revealed by Qualitative and Quantitative traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahmudul Hasan Khan ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Mashitah Jusoh ◽  
Md Al-Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Vigna Subterranea

Abstract As a crop for the new millennium Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) considered as leading legumes in the tropical regions due to its versatile advantages. The main intent of this study was to find out the high yielding potential genotypes and considering these genotypes to develop pure lines for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Considering the 14 qualitative and 27 quantitative traits of fifteen landraces the variation and genetic parameters namely, variability, heritability, genetic advance, characters association, and cluster matrix were determined. ANOVA revealed significant variation for all the agronomic traits (except plant height). Among the accessions, highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) were found for almost all the traits excluding fifty percent flowering date, seed length, seed width. The 16 traits out of the 27 quantitative traits had a coefficient of variation (CV) ≥ 20%. A positive and intermediate to perfect highly significant association (r = 0.23 to 1.00; P < 0.00) was found between yield and its related traits. The trait dry seed weight per plant (g) had the highest GCV = 59.91% and PCV = 59.57% whereas the trait fresh pod weight (99.55%), dry seed weight (98.86%), and yield (98.10%) were highly heritable. The genetic advance recorded the highest for dry seed weight (122.01%) and lowest (3.97%) for plant height. To validate the genetic disparity, an unweighted pair-group produce with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), principal component analysis (PCA), and Hˊ-index was performed considering 27 quantitative traits. The constructed dendrogram showed five distinct groups of accessions. Genotypes G2, G3, and G9 from Group IV consider as promising lines which gave 70.05% higher mean yield compared to grand mean yield (1180 kg ha-1) with desirable traits. Group II had a maximum number of accessions while group III and group V had one of each. However, findings declared that the availability of genetic variance will be beneficial for this crop improvement and plant breeders to prefer desirable traits in V. subterranea L. Verdc. for further breeding purposes.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis and selection of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) landraces for high yield revealed by qualitative and quantitative traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahmudul Hasan Khan ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Mashitah Jusoh ◽  
Md Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Vigna Subterranea

AbstractAs a crop for the new millennium Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) considered as leading legumes in the tropical regions due to its versatile advantages. The main intent of this study was to find out the high yielding potential genotypes and considering these genotypes to develop pure lines for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Considering the 14 qualitative and 27 quantitative traits of fifteen landraces the variation and genetic parameters namely, variability, heritability, genetic advance, characters association, and cluster matrix were determined. ANOVA revealed significant variation for all the agronomic traits (except plant height). Among the accessions, highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) were found for almost all the traits excluding fifty percent flowering date, seed length, seed width. The 16 traits out of the 27 quantitative traits had a coefficient of variation (CV) ≥ 20%. A positive and intermediate to perfect highly significant association (r = 0.23 to 1.00; P < 0.00) was found between yield and its related traits. The trait dry seed weight per plant (g) had the highest GCV = 59.91% and PCV = 59.57% whereas the trait fresh pod weight (99.55%), dry seed weight (98.86%), and yield (98.10%) were highly heritable. The genetic advance recorded the highest for dry seed weight (122.01%) and lowest (3.97%) for plant height. To validate the genetic disparity, an unweighted pair-group produce with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), principal component analysis (PCA), heatmap, and H’-index was performed considering 27 quantitative traits. The constructed dendrogram showed five distinct groups of accessions. Genotypes G2, G3, and G9 from Group IV consider as promising lines which gave 70.05% higher mean yield compared to grand mean yield (1180 kg ha−1) with desirable traits. Group II had a maximum number of accessions while group III and group V had one of each. However, findings declared that the availability of genetic variance will be beneficial for this crop improvement through cross breeding as well as the plant breeders to prefer desirable traits in V. subterranea L. Verdc. for further breeding purposes.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Characters Associations in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Joya ◽  
A. K. M. Shamsuddin ◽  
U. K. Nath
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Effect On Yield

Thirty eight rapeseed genotypes were evaluated to estimate the genetic variability and association among the genotypes, following 8 quantitative characters. A considerable amount of genetic variability were found ranges from 1000 seed weight (11.09g) to harvest index (44.00%) and phenotypic variability for plant height (13.36m) to harvest index (44.14%). High heritability was found for all characters except 1000 seed weight (67.04g). Minimum genetic advance was observed for 1000 seed weight (0.63g) and maximum for plant height (29.72m). The lowest genetic advance in percent of mean was found in 1000 seed weight (18.70g) and highest in harvest index (90.35%). Plant height, raceme length and 1000 seed weight have significant positive association with yield with harvest index. Plant height, raceme length, 1000 seed weight and harvest index have imposed direct positive effect on yield per plant (g). As Plant height, raceme length, 1000 seed weight and harvest index are mainly driven by the additive genes so that selection criteria based on this characters should be effective.Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 29(2): 11-16, 2016

Utilization of small broken riceberry flour in gluten-free bread

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
Numfon Rakkhumkaew ◽  
Yuparat Boonsri ◽  
Arunwadee Sukchum
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to develop gluten-free bread formulations based on small broken riceberry flour, by using different ratios of rice flour and xanthan gum. Small broken riceberry and rice flour could be classified as low in amylose content (15.70 g and 20.50 g/100 g dry matter for small broken riceberry and rice flour, respectively). Additionally, small broken riceberry flour contained a total phenolic and total anthocyanin content approximately 500 times higher than that of rice flour. The addition of increased amounts of small broken riceberry flour and xanthan gum resulted in darker coloured gluten-free bread. However, there was no significant difference regarding moisture and specific volume. The increase of small broken riceberry flour and xanthan gum also led to a significant increase in the firmness of bread crumbs. The sensory evaluation showed differences in flavour, texture and overall liking, since adding small broken riceberry flour tended to make gluten-free bread more favourable. Bread containing rice flour and small broken riceberry flour in the ratio of 30:70 and 1.0% xanthan gum was selected on the basis of the sensory quality. Moreover, such bread also contained high levels of total phenolic and anthocyanin content.

scholarly journals ESTIMATING VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, AND GENETIC ADVANCE OF RICE GENOTYPES IN MID-HILLS OF NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Sashi Lamichhane ◽  
Nav Raj Adhikari ◽  
Bishwas K.C. ◽  
Sapana Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improvement Programs

<p>Rice is an essential staple food in Nepal but researches and varietal improvement programs are rarely carried out due to inadequate variability study. The field study was carried to diagnose the influence of genetic and environmental factors on yield traits to aid future rice breeding programs. Twelve genotypes were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications from July to November 2019 at the research field of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, in the hilly area of Nepal. Analysis of variance showed significant difference for days to 50% booting, days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, flag leaf area, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, fertility percentage, effective tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, straw yield, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and harvesting index indicating the presence of variation in genotypes. LPN BR-1615 was the most promising genotype in grain yield. The values of Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) were higher than Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) for each trait and low difference between them was found for days to 50% booting, days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, grain yield, thousand-grain weight, fertility percentage, and harvesting index. Plant height, effective tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, and grain yield showed high heritability (i.e. 93.2%, 60.5% and 92.6%, respectively) and higher genetic advance as percentage of mean (i.e. 46.5, 34.6 and 50.1, respectively) . Thus, the experiment revealed that selections favoring plant height, effective tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, and grain yield would help in effective breeding programs of rice in future.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic evaluation and characterization of jute (Corchorus spp. L) genotypes using DUS

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Das ◽  
D Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Fibre Fineness ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Varietal Characterization

In this study 32 jute (Corchorus spp.) varieties comprised of 18 olitorius and 14 capsularis were evaluated and characterized for five quantitative and 12 qualitative characters as per revised official DUS Test Guidelines of Jute. The experimental materials were grown in a RBD with three replications at Baarrackpore, India during 2009-10. Significant differences among genotypes noted almost for almost all the quantitative traits. PCV and GCV were highest for 1000 seed weight (33.78 and 33.29%) followed by fibre fineness (27.11 and 26.70%). Low variability was recorded in case of plant height. All the five characters exhibited more or less high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent over mean. Out of 12 qualitative characters studied, in C. capsularis 8 traits were monomorphic, 4 traits were dimorphic. However, in C. olitorius no trait was monomorphic, 6 traits were dimorphic and 6 traits were polymorphic among varieties indicating their potential for varietal characterization. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18335 SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 147-153 (2012)

scholarly journals Inter-Relationship between Seed Yield and Some Morphological and Biochemical Traits in Lentil (Lens culinaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
G. S. Mandal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Pod Number

Correlation Study with Path analysis was performed on 29 Lentil Genotypes to determine direct and indirect effect of some morphological as well as Biochemical parameters on Yield. Following traits were studied: Root Nodule number, Nodule weight, Primary Root Length, Secondary root numbers, Root Fresh and Dry weight, Plant Height, Pods per plant, Days to 50% Flowering, 100 seed weight, Leaf chlorophyll content, Seed Carbohydrate with Starch content, Seed Protein content and Yield. Considering both genetic Advance and GCV, it was observed that selection for the following characters viz. Plant Height, Pods per plant, Days to 50% flowering, 100 seed weight, Seed Protein content & Yield will be rewarding. Seed Yield per plant showed significantly Positive correlation with the following traits: 100 Seed weight, Pod number per plant, Plant height and seed starch. Negative association with yield was found for Days to 50% flowering. Path coefficient study revealed that there was a strong positive direct effect of 100 seed weight and Pod no. per plant along with Leaf Chlorophyll content on Yield. Hence, direct selection only for Pods number and 100 seed weight will be rewarding as these characters also gave higher heritability % along with high Genetic advance. Plant height gave strong negative direct effect on yield, but it gave a positive correlation due to high indirect effect in association with pod number. It may be due to short winter span of West Bengal which results into forced maturity of the crops. So short plants with higher pod numbers will be desirable for higher yield in short winter span condition.

scholarly journals Effect of gum arabic (Acacia senegal) addition on physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of roselle juice

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-458
Author(s):  
T.N.N. Tuan Azlan ◽  
Yusnita Hamzah ◽  
H.A. Mohd Abd Majid
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Significant Difference

Roselle has a brilliant red colour, high in vitamins and has a unique flavour that makes it suitable for juice production. Meanwhile, Gum Arabic (GA) is the edible dried exudate attained from stem and branch of Acacia senegal that contains high dietary fibre which can serve as prebiotic. Therefore, the application of GA into roselle juice might promote health benefits to consumers. GA is categorised as hydrocolloid and its application might affect important properties and acceptability towards the product. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of Gum Arabic (GA, Acacia senegal) addition (0%, 2%, 4% and 6%) on physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of roselle juice. Increasing the GA concentration resulted in increased pH, total soluble solids, viscosity and turbidity values of roselle juice (p<0.05). However, the addition of GA had reduced the total anthocyanin content in roselle juice. For colour analysis, the addition of GA significantly (p<0.05) reduced the redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) properties. There was no significant difference in all attributes for sensory evaluation except for colour attribute. In conclusion, the addition of GA up to 6% into roselle juice caused an increase in pH, total soluble solids, viscosity and turbidity, but no effect to the sensory attributes.

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