scholarly journals PEMETAAN POTENSI PEMUTIHAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS DATA SUHU PERMUKAAN LAUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dany Pangestu ◽  
Ratih Suci Ramadhanti ◽  
Ahmad Fadlan
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Northwest Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Anomaly Analysis

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong> Indonesia is the country that contributed the largest coral reefs, about 18% total of the entire the world. Area of coral reef in Indonesia known as the “Coral Triangle”. This ecosystem has high ecology and economic value. The existence of the coral reefs is the main attraction for a tourism destination. However, the function and role of these ecosystems are decreasing due to natural factors and artificial factors. One of the natural factors is due to the influence of global warmings, such as sea surface temperature (SST), causing damage and coral death, known as coral bleaching. The purpose of this study was to identify the potential for coral bleaching in Indonesian waters using SPL anomaly analysis obtained from monthly AVHRR POES in the morning and night. This research used hotspots data (HS) by calculating the average of data anomaly difference with a maximum monthly average data during 10 years (2006 - 2017). The results obtained show that areas that have the potential to become coral bleaching in Indonesian waters are quite varied. In general, it covers the northern coast of Banten, DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, the northwest coast of Lampung, Pekanbaru, and Riau, the northwest coast of Papua Island, and North Natuna waters. The results also showed that sea surface temperatures in Indonesian waters were quite influential on coral bleaching.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Indonesia merupakan negara penyumbang terumbu karang terbesar  yaitu 18% dari total dunia. Wilayah terumbu karang di Indonesia dikenal dengan wilayah “<em>Coral Triangle</em>”. Ekosistem ini memiliki nilai ekologis dan ekonomis yang tinggi. Keberadaanya merupakan daya tarik tersendiri untuk dijadikan lokasi wisata. Namun, fungsi dan peranan ekosistem ini menurun akibat faktor alam dan faktor buatan. Salah satu faktor alamnya diakibatkan pengaruh pemanasan global yaitu naiknya suhu permukaan laut (SPL) sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan dan kematian karang atau dikenal sebagai pemutihan karang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi potensi terjadi pemutihan karang di wilayah perairan Indonesia menggunakan analisis anomali SPLyang diperoleh dari POES AVHRR pagi dan malam bulanan. Metode yang diugunakan mencari data hotspot (HS) dengan melakukan  perhitungan rata rata selisih data anomali dengan data rata rata maksimum bulanan selama 10 tahun (2006 - 2017). Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa wilayah yang berpotensi menjadi pemutihan karang  di perairan Indonesia cukup beravariasi. Secara umum meliputi meliputi pesisir utara dari Provinsi Banten, DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, pesisir barat laut Lampung ,Pekanbaru dan Riau,  pesisir barat laut dari Pulau Papua, dan perairan Natuna Utara. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa suhu permukaan laut di perairan Indonesia cukup mempengaruhi pemutihan karang<strong>.</strong></p>

Factors affecting the cycling of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in coral reef waters of the Great Barrier Reef

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Jones ◽  
Mark Curran ◽  
Andrew Broadbent ◽  
Stacey King ◽  
Esther Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Magnetic Island ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Acropora Formosa

Environmental context. Levels of atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMS) and its oxidation products are reputed to affect the microphysics of clouds and the amount of incoming solar radiation to the ocean. Studies of DMS and its precursor compound dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) at two inshore fringing coral reefs in the Great Barrier Reef highlight pronounced seasonal, diurnal and tidal variation of these compounds, with dissolved DMS and DMSP significantly correlated with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) up to 30°C. During a coral bleaching episode at one of the reef sites, dissolved DMS concentrations decreased when SSTs exceeded 30°C, a result replicated in chamber experiments with staghorn coral. The results raise interesting questions on the role of these organosulfur substances in corals and whether DMS emissions from coral reefs could have an effect on regional climate in the Great Barrier Reef. Abstract. A study of dissolved dimethylsulfide (DMSw), dissolved and particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPd, DMSPp), and atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMSa) was carried out at two inshore fringing coral reefs (Orpheus Island and Magnetic Island) in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) to investigate the variation of these organosulfur substances with season, sea surface temperature, tides, and time of day. Highest concentrations of these organosulfur substances occurred in the summer months at both reefs, with lowest concentrations occurring during winter, suggesting a biological source of these compounds from the reef flats. At the Orpheus Island reef, where more measurements were made, DMSw and DMSPd were significantly correlated with tidal height during the flooding tide over the reef (r = 0.37, P < 0.05; r = 0.58, P < 0.01 respectively), and elevated DMSw and DMSa concentrations generally occurred in the daylight hours, possibly reflecting photosynthetic production of DMSw from the reef flats. Chamber experiments with the staghorn coral Acropora formosa confirmed that corals produce DMSw in the day. DMSw (r = 0.43, P < 0.001) and DMSPd (r = 0.59, P < 0.001) were significantly positively correlated with sea surface temperatures (SST) at the Orpheus Island reef. During severe coral bleaching at the eutrophic Magnetic Island reef in the summer, DMSw concentrations decreased at SSTs greater than 30°C, suggesting that reef production of DMSw decreases during elevated SSTs. This was later confirmed in chamber experiments with Acropora formosa, which showed that when this coral was exposed to temperatures at its bleaching threshold (31°C), decreased production of DMSw occurred. These results suggest that DMS and DMSP in coral zooxanthellae may be functioning as antioxidants, but further experiments are needed to substantiate this.

scholarly journals PROSES TERBENTUKNYA PULAU-PULAU WISATA, GILI TRAWANGAN, MENO DAN AIR, AKIBAT AKTIFITAS GUNUNGAPI BAWAH LAUT DI PAMENANG, KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prijantono Astjario ◽  
Nyoman Astawa
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Lava Flow ◽  
Pillow Lava ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Northwest Coast ◽  
Shallow Sea ◽  
Marine Tourism ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Lombok Island

Kegiatan gunungapi dasar laut di masa lalu, di wilayah pesisir baralaut Pulau Lombok menghasilkan struktur aliran lava bantal yang membeku di laut dangkal. Kondisi lingkungan air laut yang jernih, kadar salinitas yang cukup serta penetrasi sinar matahari yang baik memungkinkan tumbuhnya beragam jenis terumbu karang hingga mencapai permukaan laut dan membentuk pulau-pulau atol. Gili Trawangan, Meno dan Air merupakan pulau-pulau atol yang menyingkapkan batuan dasar gunungapi dasar laut berupa lava bantal, ditutupi oleh material gunungapi produk gunungapi Rinjani dan material rombakan terumbu karang. Dengan kondisi tersebut menjadikan ke tiga pulau-pulau tersebut memiliki nilai wisata bahari yang tinggi. Saat ini, ketiga pulau tersebut selain memiliki pasir pantai yang putih bersih dan singkapan struktur lava bantal, telah memiliki nilai wisata yang tinggi baik geowisata, wisata pantai dan wisata bahari. Pengelolaan kawasan wisata yang baik dapat meningkatkan kehadiran parawisatawan asing maupun domestik, hal ini penting guna meningkatkan penghasilan asli daerah. Paleo-underwater volcanoes activities in the northwest coast of Lombok Island have formed pillow lava flow structure that harden in shallow sea. Clear environment, good salinity, and penetrasion sunlight make many various coral reefs to grow well to reach the sea-surface and formed some atol islands. Gili Trawangan, Meno, and Air are some of atol islands which have outcroped the base rocks of underwater volcanoes in the form of pillow lava, covered by volcano materials Rinjani Mountain and rework materials of coral reefs. As a result, those three islands have been high rated marine tourism. Nowaday, those three islands with cleane sandbeach and outcroped pillow lava structured have became a high values of tourism, which include geotourism, and aquatic- tourism. Good tourism management could increase the number of foreign tourists and domestic tourists, which is very important to increase local area income.

scholarly journals Fluctuations of wind and temperature fields in Ninh Thuan - Binh Thuan waters and its possible relationship with coral bleaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4A) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tran Van Chung ◽  
Ngo Manh Tien ◽  
Cao Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Weak Wind

Temperature and wind on the sea surface are factors affecting the development of coral reefs in the seawaters. The research results show that the warming of sea water under the condition of weak wind field is considered a major threat to the bleaching of coral reefs in the sea areas of the Ninh Thuan - Binh Thuan provinces.

scholarly journals Modeling Coral Bleaching Mitigation Potential of Water Vertical Translocation – An Analogue to Geoengineered Artificial Upwelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellias Y. Feng ◽  
Yvonne Sawall ◽  
Marlene Wall ◽  
Mario Lebrato ◽  
Yao Fu
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
Location Depth ◽  
Emissions Scenario

Artificial upwelling (AU) is a novel geoengineering technology that brings seawater from the deep ocean to the surface. Within the context of global warming, AU techniques are proposed to reduce sea surface temperature at times of thermal stress around coral reefs. A computationally fast but coarse 3D Earth System model (3.6° longitude × 1.8° latitude) was used to investigate the environmental impacts of hypothetically implemented AU strategies in the Great Barrier Reef, South China Sea, and Hawaiian regions. While omitting the discussion on sub-grid hydrology, we simulated in our model a water translocation from either 130 or 550 m depth to sea surface at rates of 1 or 50 m3 s–1 as analogs to AU implementation. Under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 emissions scenario from year 2020 on, the model predicted a prevention of coral bleaching until the year 2099 when AU was implemented, except under the least intense AU scenario (water from 130 m depth at 1 m3 s–1). Yet, intense AU implementation (water from 550 m depth at 50 m3 s–1) will likely have adverse effects on coral reefs by overcooling the surface water, altering salinity, decreasing calcium carbonate saturation, and considerably increasing nutrient levels. Our result suggests that if we utilize AU for mitigating coral bleaching during heat stress, AU implementation needs to be carefully designed with respect to AU’s location, depth, intensity and duration so that undesirable environmental effects are minimized. Following a proper installation and management procedure, however, AU has the potential to decelerate destructive bleaching events and buy corals more time to adjust to climate change.

scholarly journals Investigating Sea Surface Temperature and Coral Bleaching in the Coastal Area of Khanh Hoa Province

2022 ◽  
Vol 964 (1) ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Van ◽  
Nguyen Trinh Duc Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Huu Huan ◽  
Nguyen Phuong Lien
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Two Parameters

Abstract Khanh Hoa Coastal area is considered the area with the most diverse coral reefs in the west of the East Sea. With the trend of increasing global temperature, the coral reefs here are affected, including the phenomenon of bleaching. This paper uses a Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (MUR SST) data source to evaluate the possible relationship between sea surface temperature and coral bleaching in the period 2010-2019 in Khanh Hoa coastal area is based on two parameters: Hot Spot (HS) and Degree Heating Months (DHM). Research results show that in the past 10 years, corals in Khanh Hoa coastal area may experience heat stress in 6 years, including 2010, 2013 and the years from 2016 to 2019. The phenomenon of heat stress starts to occur in May of each year, and the level of heat stress in 2010 was stronger than in other years. Within 6 years, there have been heat stress, coral bleaching events due to temperature only occurred in 2010; while in 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019, corals suffered from heat stress in the watch level, meaning an increase in temperature is not yet capable of causing coral bleaching. The cause of coral bleaching in 2010 was the combined effect of the increase in sea surface temperature and the suppression of upwelling during the southwest monsoon.

scholarly journals CORAL BLEACHING, KARANG HIDUP ATAU MATI?

OSEANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Qinthan Azzahra Aulia ◽  
Ni Wayan Purnama Sari
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Marine Ecosystems

Coral reef ecosystem is one of the coastal marine ecosystems in tropical waters. Coral reef ecosystems are vulnerable to damage mainly due to environmental factors. A fairly popular event of coral reef damage is coral bleaching. Mass coral bleaching is generally caused by changes in Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The condition of corals that have bleaching is different from the condition of corals that have died. The recovery process from coral bleaching phenomena can be effectively carried out if the surrounding environment is supportive and sea surface temperature return stable. The phenomenon of coral bleaching is a real indicator of the environmental stresses that occur on coral reefs. This paper will explain about coral bleaching, the factors that cause coral bleaching, and whether the bleaching coral reefs mean alive or dead.

scholarly journals Evolution and connectivity influence the persistence and recovery of coral reefs under climate change in the Caribbean, Southwest Pacific, and Coral Triangle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C. McManus ◽  
Daniel L. Forrest ◽  
Edward W. Tekwa ◽  
Daniel E. Schindler ◽  
Madhavi A. Colton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
The Caribbean

Potential of increasing intensity of tropical cyclones due to sea surface temperature and impact on coral reefs in the context of climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
N.D. Hung ◽  
L.T.H. Thuy ◽  
T.V. Hang ◽  
T.N. Luan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Strong Winds

The coral reef ecosystem in Cu Lao Cham, Vietnam is part of the central zone of the Cu Lao Cham -Hoi An, a biosphere reserve and it is strictly protected. However, the impacts of natural disasters - tropical cyclones (TCs) go beyond human protection. The characteristic feature of TCs is strong winds and the consequences of strong winds are high waves. High waves caused by strong TCs (i.e. level 13 or more) cause decline in coral cover in the seas around Cu Lao Cham. Based on the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and the maximum potential intensity (MPI) of TCs, this research determines the number of strong TCs in Cu Lao Cham in the future. Using results from a regional climate change model, the risk is that the number of strong TCs in the period 2021-2060 under the RCP4.5 scenario, will be 3.7 times greater than in the period 1980-2019 and under the RCP 8.5 scenario it will be 5.2 times greater than in the period 1980-2019. We conclude that increases in SST in the context of climate change risks will increase the number and intensity of TCs and so the risk of their mechanical impact on coral reefs will be higher leading to degradation of this internationally important site.

Indeks Kondisi Kerang Bambu yang Didaratkan Di TPI Tasik Agung, Rembang, Jawa Tengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Aulia Dessy Ramadhani ◽  
Sri Redjeki ◽  
Jusup Suprijanto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Size Selectivity ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Index Value

Kerang bambu merupakan  salah  satu  jenis  Moluska  dari  famili  Solenidae  yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis. Potensi sumberdaya hayati kerang bambu ini menarik untuk diteliti lebih dalam mengingat permintaannya yang semakin meningkat. Upaya pengambilan kerang bambu jika tidak diimbangi dengan selektivitas ukuran dan dilakukan penangkapan secara terus-menerus maka dapat mengakibatkan hilangnya organisme ini. Mengingat masih minimnya informasi mengenai kerang bambu (Solen sp.) sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai morfometri, hubungan panjang dan berat serta indeks kondisi kerang bambu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan panjang cangkang dan berat total serta nilai indeks kondisi dari kerang bambu (Solen sp.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengukur aspek morfometri seperti panjang, lebar dan berat total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan antara panjang cangkang dan berat total memiliki nilai b = 3,99 dan R2=0.5742. Nilai indeks kondisi kerang bambu (Solen sp.) dari TPI Tasik Agung, Rembang, Jawa Tengah pada kategori kurus sebesar 1.9% dengan jumlah 1 ekor, kategori sedang sebesar 13,3% dengan jumlah 67 ekor dan kategori gemuk sebesar 86.4% dengan jumlah 433 ekor.Bamboo clams are type of mollusc from the Solenidae family that have economic value. The potential of bamboo clam is interesting to be investigated more deeply considering its increasing demand. Efforts to collect bamboo clams of it’s not balanced with size selectivity and continuous fishing can result in the loss of these organisms. Given the lack of information on bamboo clams (Solen sp.) it is necessary to conduct research on morphometry, length and weight relationship and condition index of bamboo clams. The purpose of this study was to determine condition index value of bamboo clams (Solen sp.). This research was conducted by measuring morphometric aspects such as length, width, and total weight. The result showed that the condition index value of bamboo clams (Solen sp.) in TPI Tasik Agung, R, Central Java in the thin category was 1.9% with 1 individuals, the moderate category was 13.3% with 67 individuals and the fat category was 86.4% with 433 individuals.

scholarly journals SHRIMP PASTE “TERASI” VOLATILE COMPOUNDS FROM NORTHERN COAST OF CENTRAL JAVA

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Murwani ◽  
Hera Surya Adhi Putra ◽  
Henggar Widiyanto ◽  
Agus Trianto ◽  
Ambariyanto Ambariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Spectral Interpretation

A study was conducted to identify the composition of volatile compounds from traditional fermented shrimp called ‘terasi’. Terasi samples were collected from six regions of northern coast of Central Java, Indonesia namely Pekalongan, Batang, Kendal, Demak, Jepara, and Pati. Mass spectral interpretation showed that terasi from these regions could be identified to contain a total of 102 volatile compounds. Terasi from Pekalongan, Batang, Kendal, Demak, Jepara, and Pati, each contained nine, 21, 10, 29, 12, and 21 volatile compounds respectively. There were four similar volatile compounds from Demak, Jepara, and Pati samples, and two distinctive off odor in all six regions. 

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