scholarly journals Fluctuations of wind and temperature fields in Ninh Thuan - Binh Thuan waters and its possible relationship with coral bleaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4A) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tran Van Chung ◽  
Ngo Manh Tien ◽  
Cao Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Weak Wind

Temperature and wind on the sea surface are factors affecting the development of coral reefs in the seawaters. The research results show that the warming of sea water under the condition of weak wind field is considered a major threat to the bleaching of coral reefs in the sea areas of the Ninh Thuan - Binh Thuan provinces.

Factors affecting the cycling of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in coral reef waters of the Great Barrier Reef

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Jones ◽  
Mark Curran ◽  
Andrew Broadbent ◽  
Stacey King ◽  
Esther Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Magnetic Island ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Acropora Formosa

Environmental context. Levels of atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMS) and its oxidation products are reputed to affect the microphysics of clouds and the amount of incoming solar radiation to the ocean. Studies of DMS and its precursor compound dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) at two inshore fringing coral reefs in the Great Barrier Reef highlight pronounced seasonal, diurnal and tidal variation of these compounds, with dissolved DMS and DMSP significantly correlated with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) up to 30°C. During a coral bleaching episode at one of the reef sites, dissolved DMS concentrations decreased when SSTs exceeded 30°C, a result replicated in chamber experiments with staghorn coral. The results raise interesting questions on the role of these organosulfur substances in corals and whether DMS emissions from coral reefs could have an effect on regional climate in the Great Barrier Reef. Abstract. A study of dissolved dimethylsulfide (DMSw), dissolved and particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPd, DMSPp), and atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMSa) was carried out at two inshore fringing coral reefs (Orpheus Island and Magnetic Island) in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) to investigate the variation of these organosulfur substances with season, sea surface temperature, tides, and time of day. Highest concentrations of these organosulfur substances occurred in the summer months at both reefs, with lowest concentrations occurring during winter, suggesting a biological source of these compounds from the reef flats. At the Orpheus Island reef, where more measurements were made, DMSw and DMSPd were significantly correlated with tidal height during the flooding tide over the reef (r = 0.37, P < 0.05; r = 0.58, P < 0.01 respectively), and elevated DMSw and DMSa concentrations generally occurred in the daylight hours, possibly reflecting photosynthetic production of DMSw from the reef flats. Chamber experiments with the staghorn coral Acropora formosa confirmed that corals produce DMSw in the day. DMSw (r = 0.43, P < 0.001) and DMSPd (r = 0.59, P < 0.001) were significantly positively correlated with sea surface temperatures (SST) at the Orpheus Island reef. During severe coral bleaching at the eutrophic Magnetic Island reef in the summer, DMSw concentrations decreased at SSTs greater than 30°C, suggesting that reef production of DMSw decreases during elevated SSTs. This was later confirmed in chamber experiments with Acropora formosa, which showed that when this coral was exposed to temperatures at its bleaching threshold (31°C), decreased production of DMSw occurred. These results suggest that DMS and DMSP in coral zooxanthellae may be functioning as antioxidants, but further experiments are needed to substantiate this.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN POTENSI PEMUTIHAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS DATA SUHU PERMUKAAN LAUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dany Pangestu ◽  
Ratih Suci Ramadhanti ◽  
Ahmad Fadlan
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Northwest Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Anomaly Analysis

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong> Indonesia is the country that contributed the largest coral reefs, about 18% total of the entire the world. Area of coral reef in Indonesia known as the “Coral Triangle”. This ecosystem has high ecology and economic value. The existence of the coral reefs is the main attraction for a tourism destination. However, the function and role of these ecosystems are decreasing due to natural factors and artificial factors. One of the natural factors is due to the influence of global warmings, such as sea surface temperature (SST), causing damage and coral death, known as coral bleaching. The purpose of this study was to identify the potential for coral bleaching in Indonesian waters using SPL anomaly analysis obtained from monthly AVHRR POES in the morning and night. This research used hotspots data (HS) by calculating the average of data anomaly difference with a maximum monthly average data during 10 years (2006 - 2017). The results obtained show that areas that have the potential to become coral bleaching in Indonesian waters are quite varied. In general, it covers the northern coast of Banten, DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, the northwest coast of Lampung, Pekanbaru, and Riau, the northwest coast of Papua Island, and North Natuna waters. The results also showed that sea surface temperatures in Indonesian waters were quite influential on coral bleaching.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Indonesia merupakan negara penyumbang terumbu karang terbesar  yaitu 18% dari total dunia. Wilayah terumbu karang di Indonesia dikenal dengan wilayah “<em>Coral Triangle</em>”. Ekosistem ini memiliki nilai ekologis dan ekonomis yang tinggi. Keberadaanya merupakan daya tarik tersendiri untuk dijadikan lokasi wisata. Namun, fungsi dan peranan ekosistem ini menurun akibat faktor alam dan faktor buatan. Salah satu faktor alamnya diakibatkan pengaruh pemanasan global yaitu naiknya suhu permukaan laut (SPL) sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan dan kematian karang atau dikenal sebagai pemutihan karang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi potensi terjadi pemutihan karang di wilayah perairan Indonesia menggunakan analisis anomali SPLyang diperoleh dari POES AVHRR pagi dan malam bulanan. Metode yang diugunakan mencari data hotspot (HS) dengan melakukan  perhitungan rata rata selisih data anomali dengan data rata rata maksimum bulanan selama 10 tahun (2006 - 2017). Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa wilayah yang berpotensi menjadi pemutihan karang  di perairan Indonesia cukup beravariasi. Secara umum meliputi meliputi pesisir utara dari Provinsi Banten, DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, pesisir barat laut Lampung ,Pekanbaru dan Riau,  pesisir barat laut dari Pulau Papua, dan perairan Natuna Utara. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa suhu permukaan laut di perairan Indonesia cukup mempengaruhi pemutihan karang<strong>.</strong></p>

scholarly journals Modeling Coral Bleaching Mitigation Potential of Water Vertical Translocation – An Analogue to Geoengineered Artificial Upwelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellias Y. Feng ◽  
Yvonne Sawall ◽  
Marlene Wall ◽  
Mario Lebrato ◽  
Yao Fu
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
Location Depth ◽  
Emissions Scenario

Artificial upwelling (AU) is a novel geoengineering technology that brings seawater from the deep ocean to the surface. Within the context of global warming, AU techniques are proposed to reduce sea surface temperature at times of thermal stress around coral reefs. A computationally fast but coarse 3D Earth System model (3.6° longitude × 1.8° latitude) was used to investigate the environmental impacts of hypothetically implemented AU strategies in the Great Barrier Reef, South China Sea, and Hawaiian regions. While omitting the discussion on sub-grid hydrology, we simulated in our model a water translocation from either 130 or 550 m depth to sea surface at rates of 1 or 50 m3 s–1 as analogs to AU implementation. Under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 emissions scenario from year 2020 on, the model predicted a prevention of coral bleaching until the year 2099 when AU was implemented, except under the least intense AU scenario (water from 130 m depth at 1 m3 s–1). Yet, intense AU implementation (water from 550 m depth at 50 m3 s–1) will likely have adverse effects on coral reefs by overcooling the surface water, altering salinity, decreasing calcium carbonate saturation, and considerably increasing nutrient levels. Our result suggests that if we utilize AU for mitigating coral bleaching during heat stress, AU implementation needs to be carefully designed with respect to AU’s location, depth, intensity and duration so that undesirable environmental effects are minimized. Following a proper installation and management procedure, however, AU has the potential to decelerate destructive bleaching events and buy corals more time to adjust to climate change.

scholarly journals Investigating Sea Surface Temperature and Coral Bleaching in the Coastal Area of Khanh Hoa Province

2022 ◽  
Vol 964 (1) ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Van ◽  
Nguyen Trinh Duc Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Huu Huan ◽  
Nguyen Phuong Lien
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Two Parameters

Abstract Khanh Hoa Coastal area is considered the area with the most diverse coral reefs in the west of the East Sea. With the trend of increasing global temperature, the coral reefs here are affected, including the phenomenon of bleaching. This paper uses a Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (MUR SST) data source to evaluate the possible relationship between sea surface temperature and coral bleaching in the period 2010-2019 in Khanh Hoa coastal area is based on two parameters: Hot Spot (HS) and Degree Heating Months (DHM). Research results show that in the past 10 years, corals in Khanh Hoa coastal area may experience heat stress in 6 years, including 2010, 2013 and the years from 2016 to 2019. The phenomenon of heat stress starts to occur in May of each year, and the level of heat stress in 2010 was stronger than in other years. Within 6 years, there have been heat stress, coral bleaching events due to temperature only occurred in 2010; while in 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019, corals suffered from heat stress in the watch level, meaning an increase in temperature is not yet capable of causing coral bleaching. The cause of coral bleaching in 2010 was the combined effect of the increase in sea surface temperature and the suppression of upwelling during the southwest monsoon.

scholarly journals CORAL BLEACHING, KARANG HIDUP ATAU MATI?

OSEANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Qinthan Azzahra Aulia ◽  
Ni Wayan Purnama Sari
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Marine Ecosystems

Coral reef ecosystem is one of the coastal marine ecosystems in tropical waters. Coral reef ecosystems are vulnerable to damage mainly due to environmental factors. A fairly popular event of coral reef damage is coral bleaching. Mass coral bleaching is generally caused by changes in Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The condition of corals that have bleaching is different from the condition of corals that have died. The recovery process from coral bleaching phenomena can be effectively carried out if the surrounding environment is supportive and sea surface temperature return stable. The phenomenon of coral bleaching is a real indicator of the environmental stresses that occur on coral reefs. This paper will explain about coral bleaching, the factors that cause coral bleaching, and whether the bleaching coral reefs mean alive or dead.

The Factors Affecting the Business Expectation of Human Resources in Entertain and Event Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Huy Thuong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Phuong Hong
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Event Management ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge

This research analysizes the factors affecting the business expectations of human resources in entertainment and event management. The research results have showed that of the 5 factors affecting the human resource expectations of businesses in entertainment and event management, the factor “professional knowledge” has the biggest impact on the expectations of the businesses. Next to it are “attitude”, “skill” and “ability”. The factor “fundamental knowledge” has the least influence on the expectations of the businesses.

COASTAL AND ESTUARINE SEDIMENT DYNAMICS IN THE MEZEN BAY AND ESTUARIES MEZEN AND KULOY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. Демиденко ◽  
N. Demidenko
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Sediment Dynamics ◽  
Estuarine Sediment ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sand Waves ◽  
Tidal Estuaries ◽  
High Concentrations

In the Mezen bay and estuaries Mezen and Kuloy can be high concentrations of mud suspension there, involving the formation at times mobile suspensions and settled mud. Within estuaries the river water is mixed with the sea water by the action of tidal motions, by waves on the sea surface and by the river discharge forcing its way to the sea. Nearly all shallow tidal estuaries, where currents exceed about 1,0m s-1 and where sand is present, have sand waves. Sand waves have a variety of cross-sectional and plan forms.

scholarly journals Absolute seasonal temperature estimates from clumped isotopes in bivalve shells suggest warm and variable greenhouse climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels J. de Winter ◽  
Inigo A. Müller ◽  
Ilja J. Kocken ◽  
Nicolas Thibault ◽  
Clemens V. Ullmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Reconstructions ◽  
Bivalve Shells

AbstractSeasonal variability in sea surface temperatures plays a fundamental role in climate dynamics and species distribution. Seasonal bias can also severely compromise the accuracy of mean annual temperature reconstructions. It is therefore essential to better understand seasonal variability in climates of the past. Many reconstructions of climate in deep time neglect this issue and rely on controversial assumptions, such as estimates of sea water oxygen isotope composition. Here we present absolute seasonal temperature reconstructions based on clumped isotope measurements in bivalve shells which, critically, do not rely on these assumptions. We reconstruct highly precise monthly sea surface temperatures at around 50 °N latitude from individual oyster and rudist shells of the Campanian greenhouse period about 78 million years ago, when the seasonal range at 50 °N comprised 15 to 27 °C. In agreement with fully coupled climate model simulations, we find that greenhouse climates outside the tropics were warmer and more seasonal than previously thought. We conclude that seasonal bias and assumptions about seawater composition can distort temperature reconstructions and our understanding of past greenhouse climates.

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