scholarly journals SIMULATION OF OPERATION OF THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF LOCAL MULTI-CIRCUIT COOLING OF PARTS OF AUTOTRACTOR DIESEL ENGINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
А.В. Триньов ◽  
D.G. Sivykh
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Cooling Air

The results present the intermediate stage of the study of the thermal state of individual heat-stressed parts and units of a forced tractor diesel engine in the conditions of their local air cooling (LAC), which is regulated in automatic mode. Possibilities of practical implementation on the basis of microprocessor control systems of multi-circuit local cooling of parts of valve exhaust unit, bearing unit of turbocharger, if necessary, additional air cooling of the upper part of cylinder blocks in the area of cylinder liners are considered and evaluated. The listed parts, as evidenced by the results of many engine tests, differing in the values of the maximum critical temperatures, which in turn depend on the course of heat exchange processes in the corresponding interfaces, nodes. At the same time, in the conditions of operation with the use of the LAC system on the diesel engine there are additional problems associated with the complication of the cooling control algorithm, the need to move to multi-circuit options with their critical temperature values and required cooling air costs. At this stage of the study, a test was performed in the test mode of the algorithm for supply control and shutdown of the coolant supply, the corresponding circuit solutions for its implementation. In the engineless experiment, previously specially designed and thermocoupled units were used, which were heated separately with the set test temperatures, as well as a series-produced unit, which is part of the 4th generation gas cylinder equipment (GCE) of modern engines. The unit consists of four sections with solenoid valves, which dose the gas supply to the injectors according to a given algorithm (Valtek type 30). At the input of the engineless experiment, this unit was used to turn on and off the supply of compressed cooling air in separate circuits (from 2 to 4). The moments of operation of the valves (opening-closing) corresponded to the set test temperatures. In addition to the dynamics of temperature changes at the control points of the research units during the cooling process, the pressure, temperature, and coolant flow rates on individual circuits were also monitored. The conducted engineless experiment confirmed the correctness of the adopted circuit solutions, and also proves the possibility of further application of serial GCE units in LAC systems.

scholarly journals A new approach to increasing the efficiency of the ship main engine air waste heat recovery cooling system

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
R. Radchenko ◽  
M. Pyrysunko ◽  
M. Bogdanov ◽  
Yu. Shcherbak
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cooling Circuit ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Cooling Air

The efficiency of integrated cooling air at the intake of Turbocharger and Scavenge air at the inlet of working cylinders of the main diesel engine of dry-cargo ship by transforming the waste heat into a cold by an Refrigerant Ejector Chiller (ECh) as the most simple in design and reliable in operation and by complex in design but more efficient Absorption Lithium-Bromide Chiller (ACh) was analyzed. A ship power plant of cogeneration type using the relatively low-grade heat of water of a heat supply system with a temperature of about 90 °C, that significantly complicates the problem of its conversion into cold were considered. Because of the insufficiently high efficiency of transformation of the heat of hot water (low coefficient of performance) as compared with steam, the resulting cooling capacity may not be enough for cooling intake air of the turbocharger and scavenge air, that raises the problem of the rational distribution of heat loads between the Turbocharger Intake Air cooling circuit (subsystem) and Scavenge air cooling circuit and the need to use chillers of various types. This takes into account the rational parameters of cooling processes of the scavenge air in the cogeneration high-temperature stage of scavenge air cooler, in the intermediate stage of traditional cooling air with seawater, and in the low-temperature stage for deep cooling of the scavenge air by using a chiller. A new approach is proposed to improve the efficiency of integrated cooling Intake Air of the turbocharger and Scavenge Air at the inlet of the working cylinders of the ship main engine of a transport ship, which consists in comparing the required cooling capacity and the corresponding heat needs during the trade route with the available heat of exhaust gases and scavenge air of the cogeneration power plant, determining the deficit and excess cooling capacity of heat utilizing cooling machines of various types, that allows to identify and realize the reserves of improving the efficiency of cooling intake air of the turbocharger and the scavenge air of the main diesel engine through the joint use of chillers of various types.

scholarly journals Model-Based Control of Torque and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions in a Euro VI 3.0 L Diesel Engine through Rapid Prototyping

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1107
Author(s):  
Stefano d’Ambrosio ◽  
Roberto Finesso ◽  
Gilles Hardy ◽  
Andrea Manelli ◽  
Alessandro Mancarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
The Impact

In the present paper, a model-based controller of engine torque and engine-out Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, which was previously developed and tested by means of offline simulations, has been validated on a FPT F1C 3.0 L diesel engine by means of rapid prototyping. With reference to the previous version, a new NOx model has been implemented to improve robustness in terms of NOx prediction. The experimental tests have confirmed the basic functionality of the controller in transient conditions, over different load ramps at fixed engine speeds, over which the average RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) values for the control of NOx emissions were of the order of 55–90 ppm, while the average RMSE values for the control of brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) were of the order of 0.25–0.39 bar. However, the test results also highlighted the need for further improvements, especially concerning the effect of the engine thermal state on the NOx emissions in transient operation. Moreover, several aspects, such as the check of the computational time, the impact of the controller on other pollutant emissions, or on the long-term engine operations, will have to be evaluated in future studies in view of the controller implementation on the engine control unit.

Main engine of transport ship inlet air cooling by ejector chiller

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Roman M. Radchenko1 ◽  
◽  
Dariusz Mikielewicz2 ◽  
Mykola I. Radchenko1 ◽  
Victoria S. Kornienko1 ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Transport Ship ◽  
Main Engine

The efficiency of cooling the air at the inlet of marine slow speed diesel engine turbocharger by ejector chiller utilizing the heat of exhaust gases and scavenge air were analyzed. The values of air temperature drop at the inlet of engine turbocharger and corresponding decrease in fuel consumption of the engine at varying climatic conditions on the route line Odesa-Yokogama- Odesa were evaluated.

Tasks of the Development and Implementation of Enterprise Industrial Safety Management System when Operating Technical Devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
N.A. Makhutov ◽  
◽  
A.P. Cherepanov ◽  
M.V. Lisanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Technical Diagnostics ◽  
Technical Device ◽  
Safety Management System ◽  
Hazardous Production

Development and practical implementation of the enterprise industrial safety management system considering the new requirements of the legislation on creation of the state system for monitoring, remote control, technical certification, and diagnostics of technical devices at hazardous production facilities supervised by Rostechnadzor is discussed in the article. To perform automated collection, recording, generalization, systematization, and evaluation of the information on the parameters that characterize safety of the enterprise hazardous equipment as a whole and each technical device, a block diagram of the enterprise automated industrial safety management system is proposed. The basics are suggested for creating the automated system containing a database that includes all the technical documentation, certificates and expert opinions, repair documentation and accompanying documents (orders, instructions, audit conclusions, etc.) for the efficiency of tracking the technical condition in real time considering changes in all the controlled parameters of the enterprise technological complexes. It is noted in the article that the assessment of the technical condition and life of single and unique technical devices that make up the bulk of equipment in hazardous production should be carried out already at the manufacturing stage by combining technical control with technical diagnostics, and their results should be included in the technical passport of the device. The need in this information for the operators is invaluable, especially after working out the manufacturer’s designated period of safe operation and for evaluating the actual technical condition and comparing it with its original, which was documented during fabrication. Data on the initial state allows to qualitatively assess the degradation processes that are developing during operation and consider them when evaluating the life of a technical device and conduct a qualitative audit of the industrial safety management system.

scholarly journals The Design of a Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger as Evaporator an Absorption Chiller Cycle to Reduce the Temperature of the Air Entering a Diesel Engine Operating at Full Load Engine Medium

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Sepideh Ghaffari ◽  
Seyed Ali Jazayeri
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Absorption Chiller ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Useful Power ◽  
Solid Works ◽  
Cooling Air

Survey, design evaporator heat exchanger is an absorption chiller cycle. To cooling air to a four-cylinder diesel engine medium, at full load at different speeds to increase the useful power output. Heat can be recycled to cooling air to the engine, by the absorption chiller, cooling to be converted. By reducing the engine inlet air temperature by evaporating, at full load, increased air density. And consequently more engine volumetric efficiency. As a result, the effective power output increases. In this study, the design of the structure of the evaporator, Solid Works was done by software. And the relationship between formulas and equations of heat transfer in the MATLAB code and the output results is provided in this article.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on the Energy Properties and Failure Process of Thermal Shock Treated Sandstone Subjected to Coupled Dynamic and Static Loads

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Si Huang ◽  
Tubing Yin ◽  
Xibing Li ◽  
Kang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Rock Engineering ◽  
Deep Rock ◽  
Pressure Bar ◽  
Cooling Air

Thermal shock (TS) is known as the process where fractures are generated when rocks go through sudden temperature changes. In the field of deep rock engineering, the rock mass can be subjected to the TS process in various circumstances. To study the influence of TS on the mechanical behaviors of rock, sandstone specimens are heated at different high temperatures and three cooling methods (stove cooling, air cooling, and freezer cooling) are adopted to provide different cooling rates. The coupled dynamic and static loading tests are performed on the heated sandstone through a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. The influence of heating level and cooling rate on the dynamic compressive strength, energy dissipations, and fracturing characteristics is investigated based on the experimental data. The development of the microcracks of the sandstone specimens after the experiment is analyzed utilizing a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The extent of the development of the microcracks serves to explain the variation pattern of the mechanical responses and energy dissipations of the specimens obtained from the loading test. The findings of this study are valuable for practices in rock engineering involving high temperature and fast cooling.

scholarly journals Influence of Spatial Characteristics of Green Spaces on Microclimate: A Case Study in Suzhou Industrial Park, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Xiao ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Yimei Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Heat

Abstract Continuous urban development leads to urban heat island effects. Research suggests that urban green spaces can help effectively reduce urban heat island effects in the summer. Previous studies have mainly focused on the influence of different underlying surfaces on air cooling and humidification. There is a lack of in-depth research on the relationship between park structure and microclimatic effects. Here, we examined the main landscape parameters of green spaces in 15 parks located in Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP) with a subtropical maritime monsoon climate zone during the summer to analyze their influence on the microclimate. The average cooling and humidifying effect of medium-size green spaces was most significant during high-temperature hours in the daytime. When the distance to a water body was the same, the average cooling and humidifying effect ranked as follows: large-size green space > small-size green space > medium-size green space. We explored the mechanisms of the local cooling and humidifying effects of woodland and water areas in parks by numerical simulations. The significance of the cooling and humidifying effects of water areas of different shapes was as follows: annular water > massive water > banded water. This confirmed that the shape and size of water areas within a green space has a significant influence on local cooling and humidification.

Study of CO2injection on the desulfurization of low-titanium slag

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Baohua Wang ◽  
Mingbo Zhang ◽  
Rong Zhu ◽  
Shengtao Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Air Cooling ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
Titanium Slag ◽  
Desulfurization Rate ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Desulfurization Process ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
Cooling Air

A new idea that the low-titanium slag (LTS) used in the steelmaking process after CO2injection desulfurization is proposed in this paper. The CO2injection process mainly involves the grinding of low-titanium slag, mixing of slag and water, CO2injection, filtration, and then obtains the low sulfur and low titanium slag. The effects of cooling rates (water cooling, air cooling, crucible cooling, and furnace cooling) and CO2injection on the desulfurization of LTS were studied by both experimental and thermodynamic calculations. The results showed that sulfite and sulfate ions couldn’t be removed from LTS using this method, and the main removal substance in slag was sulfide ion S2−. The desulfurization mechanism with CO2injection was that the CO2injection reacted with H2O to form H2CO3, and then the H+disrupted from H2CO3reacted with the S2−in the slag to achieve desulfurization. During the desulfurization process, the desulfurization reaction was mainly determined by S2− + CO2(aq) + H2O (l) = CO32− + H2S(g) within the first 5 min, and then the main desulfurization reaction was S2− + 2CO2(aq) + 2H2O(l) = 2HCO3− + H2S(g). As the cooling rate decreasing, the desulfurization rate of LTS increased. The desulfurization effect of furnace-cooled slag is the highest in four kinds of slag. The desulfurization rate of furnace-cooled slag reaches 72.28%, which is 4.34, 1.75 and 1.15 times than that of water-cooled slag, air-cooled slag and crucible-cooled slag, respectively. The optimal rate of desulfurization is 80.0%.

Part II. Research on the Performance of a Type of Internally Air-cooled Turbine Blade

1953 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Ainley
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
Practical Feasibility

A comprehensive series of tests have been made on an experimental single-stage turbine to determine the cooling characteristics and the overall stage performance of a set of air-cooled turbine blades. These blades, which are described fully in Part I of this paper had, internally, a multiplicity of passages of small diameter along which cool air was passed through the whole length of the blade. Analysis of the, test data indicated that, when a quantity of cooling air amounting to 2 per cent, by weight, of the total gas-flow through the turbine is fed to the row of rotor blades, an increase in gas temperature of about 270 deg. C. (518 deg. F.) should be permissible above the maximum allowable value for a row of uncooled blades made from the same material. The degree of cooling achieved throughout each blade was far from uniform and large thermal stresses must result. It appears, however, that the consequences of this are not highly detrimental to the performance of the present type of blading, it being demonstrated that the main effect of the induced thermal stress is apparently to transfer the major tensile stresses to the cooler (and hence stronger) regions of the blade. The results obtained from the present investigations do not represent a limit to the potentialities of internal air-cooling, but form merely a first exploratory step. At the same time the practical feasibility of air cooling is made apparent, and advances up to the present are undoubtedly encouraging.

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