scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL HEREDITY ON INDICATORS OF RELIABILITY, DURABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF ELEMENTS OF GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kotukh ◽  
Natalia Kaptsova ◽  
Dmitry Donskoy ◽  
Kateryna Paleyeva
Keyword(s):  
Technological Property ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Main Pipeline ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Technological Heredity ◽  
Pipe Fittings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Required Quality

Modern gas transmission systems are power facilities based on a main pipeline, which is a continuous pipe, along which devices are placed that provide gas pumping at predetermined parameters. Unlike other linear structures, such as roads, railways, the main pipeline throughout the entire period of operation is in a complex stress state under the influence of the internal pressure of the pumped product and functions as a pressure vessel. The operational reliability, durability and environmental safety of gas transmission systems are ensured by various control devices and pipe fittings. The article discusses issues related to predicting the operation of pipe fittings during the operation of the gas transmission system, while ensuring the required reliability, durability and environmental safety. An analysis of the phenomena of technical heredity is given, with the help of which it is possible to determine the causes of deviations in the output parameters of pipe fittings in the process of their manufacture or repair. It has been proved that the main feature of technological heredity is the transfer of a certain technological property from the previous technological operation to subsequent ones, characterized by the transfer coefficient of technological heredity. An indispensable condition for the monotonicity of changes in the transmission coefficient of technological heredity in order to ensure the required quality of manufacture or repair of pipe fittings is revealed. The economic principle of predicting the quality of manufacturing or repair of products is proposed for use, a relationship is found between the initial and output technological properties of pipe fittings, a route is chosen to achieve the required quality of its manufacture or repair, including procurement and finishing technological operations.

The influence of the animal husbandry complex on atmospheric air

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
L.A. Kesheva ◽  
◽  
N.V. Teunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Policy ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Impact

Animal husbandry complexes are sources of air pollution. In terms of the impact on the environment, the impact of large animal husbandry complexes is comparable to the impact of industrial facilities. In the area where animal husbandry complexes and poultry farms are located, the air is polluted with microorganisms, dust, ammonia and other animal products that often have unpleasant odors. Environmental safety is the most important component of the agri-food policy of the modern Russian state, because they directly affect the quality of life and health of the population. The purpose of this work is to assess the impact of the animal husbandry complex on the atmospheric air. An assessment was made, relevant conclusions were drawn, and measures for environmental protection were proposed.

scholarly journals The impact of changes in the geological conditions of road bedrock layers while the road was in use

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2009-2021
Author(s):  
Stanislav Smugala ◽  
Darja Kubečková ◽  
František Indra
Keyword(s):  
Construction Work ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
Gravel Layer ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Required Quality

Abstract This article examines the effective road reconstruction technologies applied during construction processes to ensure the required final quality of construction work. The construction quality and especially the overall levelness of roads are influenced by several factors. These factors include high-quality implementation of road structural layers, including active zones, which can be adversely affected by the undisciplined application of technology, insufficient engineering and poor geological surveys. Suitable and effective reconstruction technology provides the required quality of construction work yet does not significantly extend construction time. The authors propose stabilisation using cement or lime during reconstruction. This stabilisation method is used if the structure of the bedrock layers is finely granular. The stabilisation process consists of excavating the unacceptable bedrock layer and mixing it with additives and water. A principally different bedrock stabilisation method consists of completely replacing it with a gravel layer, which is used when individual base layers are diverse and stabilisation using additives would not guarantee the required results, i.e. improved strength characteristics. In some cases, the existing base layers are not suitable for use as road base layers because of their characteristics, such as volumetric instability. For this reason, they must be replaced with more suitable materials. This topic is documented by a practical example.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS THE IMPACT OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK’S COGENERATION PLANT-3 ON THE ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Anopchenko ◽  
Mikhail Yakutin
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Water Breakthrough ◽  
Hydraulic Regime ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heating Networks

The article analyzes the nature and intensity of the impact of Novosibirsk’s cogeneration plant-3 on the environment. To assess environmental risks, two types of threats were identified and the corresponding risk groups were identified: violation of the temperature regime of networks; violation of the hydraulic regime of networks; reduction of the quality of make-up water; breakthrough of heating networks; suction of contaminated water from the near-pipe space; pollution with nitrogen oxide; pollution with sulfur dioxide; pollution with soot; ash pollution. Through the construction of risk maps for each risk, followed by the addition of maps allocated area of least well-being. It is the probability of the implementation of threats, and therefore the risks are the greatest. On the basis of the obtained maps, recommendations on the ecologization of the impact of Novosibirsk’s cogeneration plant-3 on the atmosphere were developed. The recommendations take into account modern strategies of environmental safety, in particular, methods of environmental management.

scholarly journals Ecological evaluation of technologies for application of plant protection measures by spraying method

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 00042
Author(s):  
Anatolij Lysov ◽  
Timur Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Impact

The biological and economic effectiveness of plant protection measures depends not only on the correct choice of pesticide, but also on the quality of its application to the processed target objects. The article discusses the results of assessing the quality of applying herbicides by spraying using low-volume spraying technology, ULV spraying without forced and forced precipitation of small droplets, and treatment with cold aerosol. To assess the impact of the quality of the application of plant protection products on the environmental safety of the use of herbicides, two main indicators were used: – uniform distribution of the working fluid over the treated area: – the amount of drift of small drops from the treatment area. The analysis of methodological approaches and regulatory documents for assessing the potential risk of pesticides for the environment in European countries and in Russia is given.Based on the obtained experimental data on the coefficients of variation in the distribution of the drug over the effective coverage width, an expert assessment of the drug overuse was carried out using various technologies. An expert assessment of the drift of small drops of the working fluid from the treatment zone was also carried out. A comparative assessment of technologies was carried out according to the indicated environmental safety indicators for the use of the herbicide Gezagard WP on potato plantings.

Solution of the Problem of Operational Reliability and Environmental Safety of Transport Pipeline Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 1038 ◽  
pp. 393-400
Author(s):  
Volodimir Kotukh ◽  
Yevhenii Varlamov ◽  
Kateryna Palieieva ◽  
Oleksii Ilinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Abrasive Finishing ◽  
Pipeline Systems

Ensuring technogenic and environmental safety of transport pipeline systems is a complex state task. The main group of reasons leading to failures, accidents and other incidents in these systems is associated with the quality of manufacture (repair) of equipment, as well as the level of operation of transport pipeline systems. At the present stage of transport pipeline systems development, the design-technological approach, including the maintenance and repair of valves, is significantly changing. Particular attention is paid to the abrasive finishing and lapping treatment, which allows, in one operation, carrying out first the roughing (allowance removal), and then the final finishing with achievement of the shape and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. The proposed calculated dependences allow predicting the operation reliability and durability of high-precision products of transport pipeline systems valves and, thus, increase the level of environmental safety of transport pipeline systems.

scholarly journals DISPERSION COMPENSATION USING ELECTRONIC METHODS BROADCASTING SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Augustin Vyukusenge ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
The Impact

System distortions due to chromatic dispersion (CD), polarization mode dispersion (PMD), laser phase noise and fiber nonlinearities have a significant impact on the performance of high-speed fiber optic networks. In connection with the need to improve the quality of information transmission in high-speed fiber-optic communication systems, coherent detection with a digital signal processing unit is of particular interest. The main goal of the DSP block is to reduce the impact of linear and nonlinear effects that degrade the quality of information transfer. In this direction, the use of adaptive filters with adaptation algorithms for filter coefficients plays an important role. The Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) and the Least Mean Square (LMS) method used to compensate for dispersion distortions are presented. The load on transport networks based on fiber-optic transmission systems is increasing at an accelerating rate. This paper discusses the possibility and limitations of increasing the throughput of fiber-optic transmission systems by reducing the distance between carriers. A comparison is made between fixed and flexible grids in terms of the spectral bandwidth efficiency. It is concluded that the use of flexible mesh technology is promising when switching to channel speeds above 100 Gbit/s.

scholarly journals Investigation of EDFA Performance in DWDM Transmission Systems Under Different Operating Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
J. Putrina ◽  
S. Olonkins ◽  
V. Bobrovs ◽  
J. Porins
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Power Penalty ◽  
Channel Spacing ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Error Ratio ◽  
Bit Error Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The article investigates dependence of EDFA performance on its operating conditions. First of all, the impact of changes in channel spacing on the quality of the amplifier signal and on the desired EDFA configuration is observed – three different values of channel spacing are considered – 37.5 GHz, 50 GHz and 100 GHz. Afterwards, the impact of EDFA positioning on the quality of the amplified signal and the desired configuration is assessed. Three different EDFA positioning scenarios are considered – when the EDFA is used as a power booster, as an in-line amplifier and as a preamplifier. In all cases, such configuration of the EDFA is found that can ensure bit-error ratio (BER) values below 1·10−9 in all channels of the system. To assess the performance of the amplifiers, power penalty values are obtained in respect to identical transmission systems but without amplification.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY AS A COMPONENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN CROSS-BORDER SUBREGIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
Petro ZHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
The Impact

The results of elaborations of available theoretical-analytical materials on measuring the quality of life are generalized, their orientation mainly on the assessment of the quality of life at the macro level for international comparisons is revealed. Methodical methods for assessing environmental safety as a component of quality of life at the level of administrative subregions of neighboring countries are substantiated and proposed: subjective assessment based on sociological research using questionnaires and objective assessment with a choice of representative, comparative, reliable assessment indicators, substantiation of their standards and calculations of environmental safety indices. The results are given of approbation of the proposed methods with coverage of subjective and obtained on the basis of quantitative indicators adapted to the system of official statistics of Ukraine and Poland objective assessments of the ecological component of quality of life in the studied cross-border subregions: Zhovkva, Sokal, Yavoriv districts of Lviv Oblast of Ukraine and Jaros?aw, Przemy?l, Lubacz?w Counties of the SubcarpathianVoivodeship of Poland. Significant disparities are identified not in favor of domestic subregions in the levels of environmental safety according to the results of objective assessment, which to some extent is smoothed in subjective assessment due to its dependence on the specific values and guidelines and environmental awareness of respondents. Conclusions are made on the complementarity of the results of subjective and objective environmental safety assessment, high value of the importance given by respondents to environmental safety as a component of quality of life, the impact of environmental safety asymmetry on the results of its subjective assessment, in particular, the priority of protection and preservation of certain components natural environment aimed at solving these problems.

scholarly journals Changes in the kinematic viscosity of engine oil during the operation of marine diesel engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032060
Author(s):  
V Zhukov ◽  
O Melnik ◽  
E Khmelevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Required Quality

Abstract A prerequisite for the long-term and safe operation of marine diesel engines is the high quality of operational materials, which include engine oils and coolants. The required quality of operational materials is ensured by the introduction of additives into their composition, which are now increasingly used as nanoparticles. During operation, as a result of the destruction of additives, the operational properties of coolants and engine oils deteriorate. The conducted studies allowed us to evaluate the change in the lubricating ability of engine oils of two brands that are used in marine diesels during operation. As a characteristic of the lubricating ability of the oil, its kinematic viscosity was used. The experimental determination of the kinematic viscosity of engine oil samples having different periods of operation, and the subsequent mathematical processing of the experimental results made it possible to determine the dependencies characterizing the change in the kinematic viscosity of engine oil during its operation. The research results confirm the possibility of scientific justification for extending the use of marine diesel engine oils, which reduces operating costs and increases the environmental safety of marine diesel engines.

scholarly journals Industrial production and administrative resources influence on the environmental situation in the Kuibyshev Region in the 1950s–1970s

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-260
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Ivanovich Repinetskiy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the impact of the accelerated industrial development of the Kuibyshev Region in the 1950s and 1970s on the environmental situation in the region. The activities of defense, petrochemical, and machine-building industries had a negative impact on the quality of atmospheric air and drinking water. This had a negative impact on the health of the urban population. The conflict of interests between the plans of industrial development of the region and the need to preserve its environmental safety is considered. As a rule, the interests of economic development won, and the industrial potential of the region was constantly replenished with new industrial giants, which further worsened the environmental situation. The paper shows that the measures to improve it taken by the regional authorities and sanitary and epidemiological structures did not always lead to the desired results, since the interests of the industry leaders focused on the implementation of the planned tasks, while the interests of the population receded into the background. This led to the fact that the funds aimed at the environmental situation improvement were not fully developed. At the same time, the understanding of the enormous harm caused to the nature of the region by harmful industries forced the regional authorities to more actively defend its environmental safety.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document