scholarly journals Ecological evaluation of technologies for application of plant protection measures by spraying method

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 00042
Author(s):  
Anatolij Lysov ◽  
Timur Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Impact

The biological and economic effectiveness of plant protection measures depends not only on the correct choice of pesticide, but also on the quality of its application to the processed target objects. The article discusses the results of assessing the quality of applying herbicides by spraying using low-volume spraying technology, ULV spraying without forced and forced precipitation of small droplets, and treatment with cold aerosol. To assess the impact of the quality of the application of plant protection products on the environmental safety of the use of herbicides, two main indicators were used: – uniform distribution of the working fluid over the treated area: – the amount of drift of small drops from the treatment area. The analysis of methodological approaches and regulatory documents for assessing the potential risk of pesticides for the environment in European countries and in Russia is given.Based on the obtained experimental data on the coefficients of variation in the distribution of the drug over the effective coverage width, an expert assessment of the drug overuse was carried out using various technologies. An expert assessment of the drift of small drops of the working fluid from the treatment zone was also carried out. A comparative assessment of technologies was carried out according to the indicated environmental safety indicators for the use of the herbicide Gezagard WP on potato plantings.

scholarly journals Effect of the Application Date of Fertilizer Containing Silicon and Potassium on the Yield and Technological Quality of Sugar Beet Roots

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Alicja Siuda
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Technological Quality

Water shortage and drought are a growing problem in Europe. Therefore, effective methods for limiting its effects are necessary. At the same time, the “field to fork” strategy adopted by the European Commission aims to achieve a significant reduction in the use of plant protection products and fertilizers in the European Union. In an experiment conducted in 2018–2020, the effect of the method of foliar fertilization containing silicon and potassium on the yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots was assessed. The fertilizer was used in seven combinations, differing in the number and time of application. The best results were obtained by treating plants during drought stress. The better soil moisture for the plants, the smaller the pure sugar yield increase was observed. It is difficult to clearly state which combination of silicon and potassium foliar application is optimal, as their effects do not differ greatly.

scholarly journals Efficiency and Persistence of Movento® Treatment against Myzus persicae and the Transmission of Aphid-Borne Viruses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2747
Author(s):  
Thomas Armand ◽  
Luâna Korn ◽  
Elodie Pichon ◽  
Marlène Souquet ◽  
Mélissandre Barbet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Neonicotinoids are widely used to protect fields against aphid-borne viral diseases. The recent ban of these chemical compounds in the European Union has strongly impacted rapeseed and sugar beet growing practices. The poor sustainability of other insecticide families and the low efficiency of prophylactic methods to control aphid populations and pathogen introduction strengthen the need to characterize the efficiency of new plant protection products targeting aphids. In this study, the impact of Movento® (Bayer S.A.S., Leverkusen, Germany), a tetrameric acid derivative of spirotetramat, on Myzus persicae and on viral transmission was analyzed under different growing temperatures. The results show (i) the high efficiency of Movento® to protect rapeseed and sugar beet plants against the establishment of aphid colonies, (ii) the impact of temperature on the persistence of the Movento® aphicid properties and (iii) a decrease of approximately 10% of the viral transmission on treated plants. These observations suggest a beneficial effect of Movento® on the sanitary quality of treated crops by directly reducing primary infections and indirectly altering, through aphid mortality, secondary infections on which the spread of disease within field depends. These data constitute important elements for the future development of management strategies to protect crops against aphid-transmitted viruses.

scholarly journals Influence of the tillage method on the development of leaf diseases of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kremneva ◽  
K. E. Gasiyan ◽  
A. V. Ponomarev ◽  
A. Kokhmetova ◽  
S. I. Novoseletsky
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Experimental Plots

To carry out effective plant protection measures, it is necessary to take into account all the factors affecting the quality of the crop. The aim of our research was to study the degree of development of leaf diseases of winter wheat and the rate of infestation of crops, depending on the tillage method. The studies were carried out in 2019-2020 at the experimental plots of “Kuban educational farm” in Krasnodar. For the research, four experimental plots with Steppe variety of soft winter wheat were created, where various soil cultivation systems were applied: 1 - No-Till (zero technology), 2 - moldboard-free technology, 3 - recommended, 4 - moldboard technology. The article presents data on the degree of development of diseases and the degree of infestation of winter wheat plants in the crops of test plots with various tillage systems. It was found that the most preferable is the use of the recommended type of treatment, since with it the least number of diseases develops and the degree of development of pathogens is reduced by 2-3 times in comparison with other options. The influence of the tillage method on the number and composition of phytopathogen spores was revealed.

scholarly journals Plant protection products in organic grapevine growing

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava Sivcev ◽  
Ivan Sivcev ◽  
Zorica Rankovic-Vasic
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Bunch Rot ◽  
The Impact

Pests and grapevine diseases in organic production are suppressed by preventive measures with a view to reducing the impact of the attack. Allowed substances acting on patogenous fungi, insects, mites and other harmful organisms are used, if appropriate. Insecticides of plant origin are used in the organic production of grapevine, as well as vegetable oils, powders and insecticidal soaps that are selective, with a narrow range of effects and of lower toxicity, as well as biological products. As a rule, such plant protection products require a more frequent application. Copper-based and sulphur-based fungicides are still leading products in suppressing grapevine diseases. Researches are directed to decrease the quantity of application and to find their replacement by also efficient fungicides. A special emphasis is put on researching the efficient fungicides for suppressing Botrytis bunch rot and factors causing grapevine wood diseases (Esca and Eutypa) in organic production. Along with copper and sulphur, different substances such as bicarbonates, plant extracts and oils, biological products being parasites, patogenous or diseases agent antagonists, and natural products such as milk and whey are applied in the organic production of grapevine.

scholarly journals Ensuring cleanliness and health of flax crops when treated with new pesticides

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
N. A. Kudryavtsev ◽  
L. A. Zaitseva ◽  
Z. K. Kurbanova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Ecological Criteria ◽  
Classical Methodology ◽  
Tver Region ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Flax Straw

Plant protection measures in flax cultivation should provide sufficiently clean from weeds, healthy sowings, forming the crop of necessary quality level, corresponding to economic and ecological criteria of modern agrotechnologies. The work aims to find promising herbicidal and protectivestimulating agents for providing cleanness from weeds and the health of flax crops when treating them with new pesticides, contributing to increasing the yield and quality of flax products. According to the classical methodology of scientific agronomy, the main experiments were carried out in the fields of FSBSI Federal Scientific Centre for Bast Crop, Flax Research Institute in the Tver region. As a result of experiments in 2018-2020, the herbicide Shanti and its mixture with Shanstrel 300 showed relatively high biological efficacy in protecting flax against dicotyledonous weeds. Furthermore, the addition of graminicides Haloshans or Cletoshans, growth regulator Artafit or fungicide Zimoshans to anti-wort herbicides did not reduce the effectiveness of the drug mixtures on dicotyledonous weeds and eliminated cereal weeds in crops. Additionally, Artafit and Zimoshans effectively protected flax from pasmo and other diseases, naturally increasing the yield of flax products. Its maximum values in the experiment were obtained in the variant of Artafit application together with herbicides. The use of Artafit had a positive effect on the quality of flax straw, increased it by 1-2 grades (from 2.00 to 2.50).

scholarly journals Analysis of the types of agricultural sprayers’ nozzles

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Alexey Sergeevich Sviridov ◽  
Yuriy Vladimirovich Kataev ◽  
Mikhail Gennadyevich Zagoruiko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Different Types ◽  
World Standard ◽  
Average Operating

The article provides an analysis of modern types of sprayer sprayers, as well as the most popular and versatile type of sprayers suitable for most different types of agricultural crops. The characteristics of the volumetric flow rate of the working fluid by sprayers according to the world standard - ISO 10625 are reflected. Recommendations are given for installing the sprayer rod, depending on the angle of spray and the frequency of installation of sprayers. Various materials for the manufacture of sprayers and their average operating life expressed in thousand hectares are analyzed. The results of the study show a comparison of the two main types of sprayers – slot and injection, used for most herbicides, systemic phengicides, pesticides, insecticides, etc. The conclusions provide recommendations on the optimal choice of the type of sprayer for applying chemical plant protection products and for applying liquid mineral fertilizers.

scholarly journals Impact of Watersheds in Bringing Change in the Farming System in Bastpur of Morena District of Madhya Pradesh.

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kulshrestha ◽  
Y. K. Singh ◽  
S. K. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
The Impact

The study was carried out in Bastpur micro watershed in Morena block of the Morena district of Madhya Pradesh during 2010-11.To assess the impact of watershed development programme in farming system. It could be found that the overall watershed development practices in the study area have positive and effective changes in agricultural area of bajra, and arhar , cropping productivity of gram and arhar, land use, use of land resources, water resources, and livestock due to increase in availability of water and use to improved agricultural inputs like improved seeds, recommended doges of fertilizers, required irrigation, plant protection measures,etc in the study area. It was also found positive change in agricultural land, irrigated area, area under horticultural and vegetables crops. Similarly cattle population was also increased due to sufficient availability of water and fodder in watershed area.

scholarly journals Endophytic bacteria and plant immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Maksimov ◽  
M. Yu. Shein ◽  
R. M. Khairullin
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The Development Strategy

Diseases annually cause significant crop losses and reduced quality of agricultural products. The development strategy of new environmentally friendly plant protection products should consider the role of the microbiome in host defense.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Phytoiatry, a New Approach in Crop Protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Marcello Iriti ◽  
Elena Maria Varoni
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
First Time

In the past decades, the scientific quality of biomedical studies has been hierarchically depicted in the well-known pyramid of evidence-based medicine (EBM), with higher and higher levels of evidence moving from the base to the top. Such an approach is missing in the modern crop protection and, therefore, we introduce, for the first time, this novel concept of evidence-based phytoiatry in this field. This editorial is not a guideline on plant protection products (PPP) registration, but rather a scientific and technical support for researchers involved in the general area of plant pathology, providing them with evidence-based information useful to design critically new studies.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Effectiveness of Shielded Band Spraying in Weed Control in Field Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Andrzej Osuch ◽  
Przemysław Przygodziński ◽  
Piotr Rybacki ◽  
Ewa Osuch ◽  
Ireneusz Kowalik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University

An important factor along with the availability of food is its quality. It depends, among other things, on the type of plant protection products used and the method of their application. This manuscript presents research on the possibility of using a shielded band sprayer in field onion cultivation. The shielded band spraying technology presented in this article is the subject of a patent application (application number P.428494-The prototype of the machine was produced in Poland in cooperation with the University of Life Sciences in Poznań). The research consisted in comparing the quantity and quality of the obtained crop, based on various methods of reducing the weed population. The research results indicate that the proposed shielded band spraying technology may affect the food quality (the active substance is not sprayed on onion plants) and profitability of farms (less use of plant protection products).

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