scholarly journals PERLAKUAN KALSIUM HIDROKSIDA DAN UREA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS BAGAS TEBU

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Dewi Puspita Candrasari ◽  
Subur Priyono Sasmito Budhi ◽  
Hari Hartadi
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Range Test

<p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk konservasi hasil sisa tanaman pertanian berupa bagas tebu, meningkatkan kecernaan dan meningkatkan nilai N bagas tebu sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pakan. Level Ca(OH)2 (b/b) yang digunakan<br />sebesar 0, 3, dan 6%. Level urea yang digunakan adalah 0, 3, dan 6%. Masing–masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 3 x 3. Setelah diberi perlakuan, bagas tebu<br />ditempatkan pada kantong plastik polyethylene dan disimpan selama 21 hari. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis variansi dan apabila terdapat perbedaan antara perlakuan akan diuji lanjut dengan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Dari<br />penelitian diperoleh hasil kandungan bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO), protein kasar (PK), serat kasar (SK), lemak kasar (LK), bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), dan acid detergent fiber (ADF)<br />masing-masing berkisar 45,06-48,51%, 90,05-95,67%, 1,40-4,06%, 50,37-53,50%, 1,33-3,33%, 32,73-39,94%, 80,00-90,69%, dan 61,50-65,71%. Kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK) dan kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO) bagas tebu<br />diperoleh sebesar 24,24-39,60% dan 24,88-40,24%. Disimpulkan bahwa bagas tebu yang ditambah urea 3% dan kalsium hidroksida 6% paling baik dilihat dari kandungan PK.</p><p><br />(Kata kunci: Bagas tebu, Kalsium hidroksida, Urea, NDF, ADF, Kecernaan in vitro)<br /><br /></p>

PREDICTED FORAGE VALUE OF WHOLE PLANT CEREALS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 975-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
D. B. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Forage Value

Dry matter yield, percent dry weight, in vitro digestible dry matter, in vitro digestible organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, ash and hemicellulose contents were determined for spring- and fall-sown common wheat, barley, rye and triticale and spring-sown durum wheat and oats for the period from late boot to maturity. Differences among cultivars and stages of maturity were significant for all parameters. These differences were accompanied by stage of maturity interactions. Consideration of the interrelationships among these parameters revealed that level of in vitro digestible dry matter was reflected in measures of acid detergent fiber and ash or percent dry weight. Further analyses indicated that differences in digestibility due to stage of maturity were primarily reflected by changes in ash or percent dry weight, while differences in digestibility among cultivars were mainly attributable to differences in acid detergent fiber.

Fiber degradability, chemical composition and conservation characteristics of alfalfa haylage ensiled with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes and a ferulic acid esterase-producing inoculant

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lynch ◽  
D. Prema ◽  
J. D. Van Hamme ◽  
J. S. Church ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ferulic Acid Esterase ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Lynch, J. P., Prema, D., Van Hamme, J. D., Church, J. S. and Beauchemin, K. A. 2014. Fiber degradability, chemical composition and conservation characteristics of alfalfa haylage ensiled with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes and a ferulic acid esterase-producing inoculant. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 697–704. This study investigated the effects of two fibrolytic enzyme products, applied at baling alone or in combination with a ferulic acid esterase-producing bacterial additive, on the ensilage dynamics, chemical composition and digestibility of alfalfa haylage. Five replicate wrapped bales were produced with one of five treatments, including an untreated control, and one of two fibrolytic enzyme products (EN1 and EN2) applied either alone or in combination with a ferulic-acid producing bacterial additive (FAEI). No effect of treatment was observed on the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P=0.889) or acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P=0.065) concentrations of haylage after ensilage, but haylage produced using fibrolytic enzyme products underwent greater (P<0.018) increases in temperature following exposure to aerobic conditions. Haylages produced with fibrolytic enzyme products had a greater (P<0.001) in vitro NDF degradability (NDFD) than untreated haylage. The use of fibrolytic enzymes applied to alfalfa haylage at ensiling increased the NDFD, despite minimal effects on the chemical composition of the herbage. However, the greater aerobic deterioration of fibrolytic enzyme-treated bales indicates higher dry matter losses during aerobic exposure. The use of FAEI with fibrolytic enzymes did not further enhance the effects of fibrolytic-enzyme treatments.

Leaf and stem nutritive value of timothy genotypes under varying N fertilization

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bélanger ◽  
A. Brégard ◽  
R. Michaud ◽  
G. F. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
True Digestibility ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Populations and half-sib families of timothy (Phleum pratense L.), contrasting in forage N concentration, were studied in two experiments conducted in growth rooms with varying N applications. They differed in leaf and stem in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) of DM and in vitro cell wall digestibility (IVCWD), and in stem neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration; this confirms the presence of genetic variability for leaf and stem nutritive value in timothy under both limiting and non-limiting N conditions. Key words: Digestibility, grasses, Phleum pratense, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber

scholarly journals Pengaruh penambahan Aspergillus niger Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Dosis Rendah pada Jerami Padi Fermentasi dan Evaluasi Kualitasnya sebagai Pakan Ternak Ruminansia Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crhisterra E. Kusumaningrum ◽  
Arthalia Poetri Yunisa ◽  
Nana Mulyana ◽  
Suharyono Suharyono
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Aspergillus niger iradiasi sinar gamma dosis rendah pada jerami padi fermentasi dan potensinya sebagai pakan ternak ruminansia secara in vitro. Proses fermentasi dilakukan dengan teknik Solid State Fermentation (SSF) menggunakan A. niger yang diiradiasi sinar gamma dosis rendah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan memecah ikatan selulosa. Orientasi dosis iradiasi sinar gamma sebesar 0, 125, 250, 375, 500, 625 dan 750 Gy dilakukan pada A. niger untuk mengetahui kondisi yang optimum dalam menghasilkan aktivitas enzim selulase. A. niger iradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis yang optimum digunakan untuk pembuatan jerami padi fermentasi dan dilakukan evaluasi kemampuan jerami padi fermentasi sebagai pakan ternak ruminansia secara in vitro. Perlakuan jerami padi fermentasi yaitu P0. Jerami Padi, P1. Jerami padi fermentasi A. niger 0 Gy dan P2. Jerami padi fermentasi A. niger 500 Gy. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dosis optimum iradiasi sinar gamma pada A. niger dalam menghasilkan enzim selulase (3,24 U/ml) adalah 500 Gy. Pada jerami padi fermentasi A. niger 500 Gy menunjukkan aktivitas enzim selulase tertinggi yaitu sebesar 48,5384 U/g bahan kering (BK) dan kadar glukosa sebesar 247,33 mg/g BK pada hari ke-14. Proses fermentasi dengan A. niger iradiasi sinar gamma (500 Gy) mampu meningkatkan kandungan proein kasar, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) dan bahan kering, namun menurunkan kandungan lemak kasar dan bahan organik (BO). Hasil fermentasi dalam cairan rumen dari jerami padi fermentasi dengan dengan A. niger iradiasi sinar gamma (500 Gy) menunjukkan nilai pH sebesar 7,01; konsentrasi ammonia dan volatile fatty acid (VFA) masing-masing sebesar 3,92% dan 4,73 mmol/100.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo nutrient digestibility in sheep of rations with and without residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4507
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Fabiana Gomes da Costa ◽  
Silvia Cristina de Aguiar ◽  
Jocilaine Garcia ◽  
Matheus Gonçalves Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Ph Values

<p>This study evaluated the digestibility of nutrients by, and parameters associated with, <em>in vitro </em>fermentation using different inocula (sheep ruminal fluid and feces) as well as the <em>in vivo </em>digestibility in sheep that were fed rations with 50% concentrate containing either no (0%) residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp (RETP) or 15% RETP. To determine the <em>in vitro </em>digestibility (<em>IV</em>D) of nutrients, two sheep, weighing 40.38 ± 2.10 kg, were used as inoculum donors. To determine the <em>in vivo </em>digestibility of nutrients, we used four sheep and a 3×2 factorial experimental design, with three methods of digestion of nutrients and two experimental rations (0% and 15% RETP). The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and the variables that showed differences at 5% probability were further analyzed using the Tukey test at 5% significance. The <em>IV</em>D using different inocula did not significantly differ (p&gt;0.05) from the <em>in vivo </em>digestibility in sheep for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The different methods for determining nutrient digestibility did not affect (p&gt;0.05) the digestibility of DM, OM, crude protein (CP), NDF, and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in rations with 0% and 15% RETP. However, the <em>IV</em>D of CP for rations containing 0% and 15% RETP incubated with both inocula was lower (p&lt;0.05) than the CP digestibility <em>in vivo</em>. The <em>in vivo </em>digestibility of ADF for rations containing 0% and 15% RETP was higher (P&lt;0.05) than the <em>IV</em>D using sheep ruminal fluid and feces as inocula. The pH values and concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) after <em>in vitro </em>incubation for 24 h and the <em>in vivo </em>assay were not different (p&gt;0.05) for the rations containing 0% and 15% RETP, but the pH and NH3-N of both fermented and rumen contents differed (p&lt;0.05) depending on the inocula used and the <em>in vivo </em>assay. In summary, the digestibility of DM, OM, and NDF can be determined by the <em>in vitro </em>fermentation method using the ruminal fluid or feces of sheep as inocula in rations containing 0% or 15% RETP. However, <em>in vitro </em>fermentation is not a suitable method for the determination of pH and NH3-N concentration.</p>

scholarly journals Mixed sugarcane and elephant grass silages with or without bacterial inoculant

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jucilene Cavali ◽  
Odilon Gomes Pereira ◽  
Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho ◽  
Marlos Oliveira Porto ◽  
Francisco Eden Paiva Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Total N

The effects of different ratios of sugarcane and elephant grass (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0% of the natural basis) were assessed on the chemical composition and losses in silages treated with a bacterial inoculant, using laboratory silos. A 2 × 5 factorial arrangement (with and without inoculant and five elephant grass ratios) in a randomized blocks design with three replications was used. Interaction was observed in the sugarcane and elephant grass ratio × bacterial inoculant for crude protein (CP) and pH. The other variables were influenced only by the increasing proportions of elephant grass. The contents of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber corrected for ashes and protein, acid detergent fiber, insoluble protein in acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose and lignin in the silages increased linearly with the proportions of elephant grass. The water soluble carbohydrate contents and dry matter in vitro digestibility of the silages decreased linearly with the increase in the proportion of elephant grass. The mean value of ammonia nitrogen in relation to total N was 7.0% (% of DM). The CP values of the inoculated and non-inoculated silage fitted linear models. The highest CP content was observed in the silage treated with inoculant. The pH values of the silages, with and without inoculant, fitted quadratic and linear models, respectively. The lactic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid contents were not influenced by the elephant grass ratios, while the acetic acid content, for the non-inoculated silages, and ethanol decreased linearly with the increase in elephant grass. The ratio of 25% sugarcane and 75% elephant grass improves the nutritional value and increases the silage DM recovery, because of the lower effluent and gas productions. The homofermentative bacterial inoculant does not affect the sugarcane silage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of corn cultivars harvested at two cutting heights for ensilage

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamilton Caetano ◽  
Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira ◽  
José Esler de Freitas Júnior ◽  
Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽  
Francisco Palma Rennó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Cutting Height

The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, bromatological-chemical composition and digestibility of 11 corn cultivars (Zea mays) harvested at two cutting heights. Cultivars D 766, D 657, D 1000, P 3021, P 3041, C 805, C 333, AG 5011, FO 01, CO 9621 and BR 205 were evaluated when they were harvested 5 cm above ground (low) and 5 cm below the insertion of the first ear (high). The experiment was designed as random blocks, with three replicates, arranged in an 11 x 2 factorial scheme. Cultivars presented similar productions of forage dry matter and grains. Percentages of stalk, leaf, straw, cob and kernel fractions were different among cultivars, as well as dry matter content of the whole plant at harvest. Considering the whole plant, only the contents of gross energy, nitrogen in neutral detergent fiber, and in vitro neutral and acid detergent fiber digestibility did not differ among cultivars. Increase on the cutting height improved forage quality due to the reduction of stalk and leaf fractions and contents of cell wall constituents.

scholarly journals Milled legume grain as urease source for the ammonization of elephant grass hay

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1268-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Fiusa de Morais ◽  
João Carlos de Carvalho Almeida ◽  
Delci de Deus Nepomuceno ◽  
Mirton José Frota Morenz ◽  
Bárbara Maria Gomes de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Grass Hay

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of soybean (Glycine max), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) as urease sources for elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) hay ammoniated with urea. The experimental design was completely randomized in a double factorial arrangement with one additional treatment: 4 urease source levels x 3 urease sources + 1 control. Chemical-bromatological analyses and carbohydrate fractionation were performed in the hay, and cumulative gas production in vitro was determined. There were interactions between urease level and source for neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, in which 1 and 2% jack bean lowered acid detergent fiber values, and 2% jack bean and 3% soybean reduced lignin content. The addition of milled legume grains reduces fiber components and increases non protein nitrogen content in elephant grass hay ammoniated with urea. Adding 4% milled soybean increases gas production in the soluble fraction.

scholarly journals Nutritional Evaluation of Sugarcane Cultivars for Ruminants

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 690
Author(s):  
André Sanches de Avila ◽  
Maximiliane Alavarse Zambom ◽  
Gabriele Larissa Hoelscher ◽  
José Barbosa Duarte Júnior ◽  
Andressa Faccenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Carbohydrate Fractionation ◽  
Stalk Length

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of twenty-nine cultivars of sugarcane. The design was completely randomized, with twenty-nine treatments (cultivars) and three replicates. The evaluations were performed at 540 days after planting during the phenological stage of maturation of sugar cane. Stalk length, number of nodes per plant, internodes length and stalk diameter were evaluated. The stalk samples were crushed, pre-dried and ground for achievement of chemical analysis, carbohydrate fractionation and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and posteriorly submitted to Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. Regarding biometric measurements the cultivars differed (P<0.05) for the stalk length, but there was no difference (P>0.05) in the number of nodes as well as in the average internode length and stalk diameter. The content of DM, OM, protein, ether extract, NDF and acid detergent fiber showed differences between the cultivars evaluated (P<0.05). Carbohydrate fractionation also differed between cultivars (P <0.05), being that cultivars RB86 7515, RB92 806 and RB03 6091 presented high fraction of rapidly degradable carbohydrates. The highest values of in vitro digestibility of DM and OM occurred for cultivars RB86 7515, RB92 579 and RB03 6091 (P<0.05). Considering the variables analyzed, the cultivars RB03 6091, RB92 579 and RB86 7515 showed greater concentration of rapidly degradable carbohydrates and greater in vitro digestibility of DM and OM demonstrating potential for use in ruminant feeding.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Digestibility of Two Complete Rations Containing Either Raw or Alkali-Treated Sugarcane Bagasse

1969 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Paul F. Randel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Fecal Collection

Two successive digestibility trials were conducted employing four Holstein steers and 8-day total fecal collection periods. Both rations studied had the same basic formula, differing only in that one contained raw bagasse, and the other, bagasse treated in a 2-percent NaOH solution. Feed intakes were restricted to 97 g. (about 83 g. of DM) per kg. of metabolic body weight. The mean apparent digestion coefficients determined in the treated-bagasse and raw-bagasse rations, respectively, were as follows: DM, 68.6 and 55.7; OM, 76.1 and 62.0; CP, 79.6 and 71.0; EE, 86.4 and 83.0; CF, 67.9 and 37.5; NFE, 77.6 and 64.6; TDN, 67.4 and 55.8; and calories, 74.0 and 58.9. The former ration contained 2.78 and the latter 2.27 Meal, of DE per kg. of DM. Excluding EE, all of these mean differences between rations were statistically significant; those for OM, CF, TDN and calories at P < .01, and those for DM, CP, NFE and DE at P < .05. Single samples of alkali-treated and raw bagasse were found to contain the following percentages: neutral-detergent fiber, 93.2 and 84.2; acid-detergent fiber, 75.6 and 58.0; lignin, 12.0 and 11.3; silica, 0.6 and 5.4; and in vitro DM digestibility, 51.1 and 31.9. The latter criterion was found to be 66.1 and 52.0 in single samples of the complete rations containing treated and raw bagasse, respectively.

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