Effect of temperature on yolk sac utilisation and growth of newly hatched larvae of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766)

The effect of temperature on the utilisation of yolk-sac and growth in terms of length of the larvae of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766) was investigated. Five temperature levels viz., 29, 30, 31, 32 and 33°C were experimented with the newly hatched larvae for a total duration of 52 hours post-hatch (hph). A clear-cut trend of increase in larval length with increase in temperature was noted. The maximum length recorded was 4.41±0.11 mm at 33°C by the end of the experiment. The yolk-sac volume decreased proportionately with rise in temperature. At the end of 52 hph, the lowest yolk-sac volume was recorded at temperature range of 31 to 33°C. Results of the present study suggest that temperature plays a vital role in the yolk-sac utilisation as well as on growth of cobia larvae.

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Size Fluctuation in The Eggs and Newly Hatched Larvae of Captive Turbot (Scophthalmus Maximus)

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400053236 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 679-690 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Lesley Ann Mcevoy ◽

John Mcevoy

Keyword(s):

Constant Temperature ◽

Egg Size ◽

Scophthalmus Maximus ◽

Yolk Sac ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Larval Length ◽

Turbot Scophthalmus Maximus ◽

Newly Hatched Larvae ◽

Seasonal Decline

The aims of this study were to ascertain if individual turbot females show a seasonal decline in their egg-size when kept in conditions of constant temperature, and to relate turbot egg-size to the length and yolk-sac index of the emergent larva. Each female showed a significant seasonal egg-size decline and there was a positive correlation between egg-size and the length and yolk-sac index of the subsequent larva. However, larval length was not related to yolk-sac index, nor was the ratio of yolk-sac index: larval length related to egg-size. The maximum mean egg-size tended to increase with the female's weight and length. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the general ecology of turbot and its culture.

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Acetylene chemisorption at palladium: Effect of temperature and structure of the surface

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19841448 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 1448-1458

Author(s):

Josef Kopešťanský

Keyword(s):

Work Function ◽

Atomic Hydrogen ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Thermally Stable ◽

Template Effect ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Adsorbed Layers ◽

Different Types ◽

Adsorption Complexes ◽

Low Coverage

The effect of temperature and structure of the palladium surfaces on acetylene chemisorption was studied along with the interaction of the adsorbed layers with molecular and atomic hydrogen. The work function changes were measured and combined with the volumetric measurements and analysis of the products. At temperature below 100 °C, acetylene is adsorbed almost without dissociation and forms at least two different types of thermally stable adsorption complexes. Acetylene adsorbed at 200 °C is partly decomposed, especially in the low coverage region. Besides the above mentioned effects, the template effect of adsorbed acetylene was studied in the temperature range from -80° to 25 °C. It has been shown that this effect is a typical phenomenon of the palladium-acetylene system which is not due to surface impurities.

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THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE AND VARIATION OF OPERCULAR MOVEMENT IN FUNDULUS DIAPHANUS DIAPHANUS

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr47d-006 ◽

1947 ◽

Vol 25d (2) ◽

pp. 91-95

Author(s):

Benjamin N. Kropp

Keyword(s):

Constant Temperature ◽

Beat Frequency ◽

Nervous Activity ◽

Respiratory Movement ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Sources Of Variation ◽

Fundulus Diaphanus

The rates of opercular beat of 16 specimens of Fundulus diaphanus diaphanus were recorded over a temperature range from 4.3° to 17.5 °C. in order to determine how this respiratory movement varied with temperature and some of the sources of variation in rate. While the rate of beat varies directly as the temperature, over a period of several hours at any constant temperature continuous recordings of the rate show recurring cycles of rise and fall in beat frequency that are chiefly responsible for the scatter of the observations. Both the duration of a cycle and the limits of rise and fall for each cycle are definitely set by the temperature. The possible dependence of these phenomena upon central nervous activity is discussed.

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Mitochondrial membrane fluorescence and temperature adaptation in Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea)

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000049076 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 131-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. W. Walker ◽

J. Barrett

Keyword(s):

Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽

Arrhenius Plot ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Temperature Adaptation ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Acclimation Temperature ◽

Membrane Composition ◽

Mitochondrial Membranes ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Schistocephalus Solidus

The fluorescent probe 1-anilino-8-naphthalene suiphonic acid (ANS) was used to investigate the effect of temperature on the physical state of the mitochondrial membranes of adult and larval schistocephalus solzdus together with that of their hosts Gasterosteus aculeatus and Gallus domesticus. Arrhenius plots of ANS/membrane fluorescence for S. solidus plerocercoids was linear over the temperature range 15 to 58 °C, while that for the adult was biphasic with a discontinuity at 39·9 °C. This was interpreted as a physical change which occurred in the adult membrane but not in the plerocercoid membrane and pointed to an alteration in membrane composition during infection. Gasierosteus aculeatus showed a linear Arrhenius plot for membrane fluorescence, irrespective of acclimation temperature. Gallus domesticus showed a discontinuity in the Arrhenius plot for membrane fluorescence at 46·9 °C, outside the normal physiological temperature range.

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NQR Relaxation Studies on Halogenomethyl Groups in Halogenoacetates

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A ◽

10.1515/zna-1998-6-732 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 53 (6-7) ◽

pp. 480-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Zdanowska-Fnjczek

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Relaxation Times ◽

Lattice Relaxation ◽

Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Relaxation Theory ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Spin Lattice ◽

Relaxation Studies

Abstract The effect of temperature on the chlorine NQR spin-lattice relaxation times in CsH(ClH2-CCOO)2 , KH(Cl3 CCOO) 2 and N(CH3)4 H(ClF2CCOO)2 has been studied in the temperature range 77 K to room temperature. The results were discussed on the basis of NQR relaxation theory.

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Effect of Temperature, Pressure, and Chemical Composition on the Electrical Conductivity of Schist: Implications for Electrical Structures under the Tibetan Plateau

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12060961 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 961 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wenqing Sun ◽

Lidong Dai ◽

Heping Li ◽

Haiying Hu ◽

Changcai Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

High Pressures ◽

High Conductivity ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Electrical Conductivities ◽

Conductivity Anomalies ◽

Lower Temperature Range ◽

Lower Temperature

The experimental study on the electrical conductivities of schists with various contents of alkali ions (CA = K2O + Na2O = 3.94, 5.17, and 5.78 wt.%) were performed at high temperatures (623–1073 K) and high pressures (0.5–2.5 GPa). Experimental results indicated that the conductivities of schist markedly increased with the rise of temperature. Pressure influence on the conductivities of schist was extremely weak at the entire range of experimental temperatures. Alkali ion content has a significant influence on the conductivities of the schist samples in a lower temperature range (623–773 K), and the influence gradually decreases with increasing temperature in a higher temperature range (823–1073 K). In addition, the activation enthalpies for the conductivities of three schist samples were fitted as being 44.16–61.44 kJ/mol. Based on the activation enthalpies and previous studies, impurity alkaline ions (K+ and Na+) were proposed as the charge carriers of schist. Furthermore, electrical conductivities of schist (10−3.5–10−1.5 S/m) were lower than those of high-conductivity layers under the Tibetan Plateau (10−1–100 S/m). It was implied that the presence of schist cannot cause the high-conductivity anomalies in the middle to lower crust beneath the Tibetan Plateau.

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Effect of temperature on damage mechanisms and mechanical behaviour of an acrylic-thermoplastic-matrix and glass-fibre-reinforced composite

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0021998320929056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (27) ◽

pp. 4269-4282

Author(s):

E Boissin ◽

C Bois ◽

J-C Wahl ◽

T Palin-Luc

Keyword(s):

Glass Transition ◽

Transition Temperature ◽

Polymer Matrix ◽

Mechanical Response ◽

Polymer Matrix Composites ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Service Temperature ◽

Damage Mechanisms ◽

Temperature Range

The mechanical response of polymer matrix composites exhibits a temperature dependency even if the service temperature range is lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymer matrix. This dependency is mainly due to the temperature effect on the mechanical behaviour of the polymer matrix. However, the micro- and meso-structures driving the composite anisotropy and local stress distribution play an essential role regarding the effect of temperature on damage mechanisms specific to reinforced polymers. There are few data in the literature on the sensitivity to temperature of damage mechanisms and scenarios of polymer matrix composites regardless of loading type. In this paper, after a synthetic literature review of the effect of temperature on polymers and polymer composites, several complementary tests are proposed to analyse the temperature effect on damage mechanisms undergone by laminated composites under in-plane quasi static loadings. These tests are applied to an acrylic-thermoplastic composite reinforced by glass fibres in its service temperature range of –20℃ to 60℃. The results show that the testing temperature has a significant impact on the mechanical response and damage mechanisms of the composite material in the selected temperature range, which is markedly lower than the glass transition temperature (around 100℃). While the temperature rise generates a gradual decrease in matrix stiffness and strength, the increase in matrix ductility associated to the stress heterogeneity in the composite microstructure produces a rise in the transverse cracking threshold and removes this damage mode during quasi-static tensile tests when the temperature shifts from 15℃ to 40℃.

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Yolk sac-derived Pdcd11-positive cells modulate zebrafish microglia differentiation through the NF-κB-Tgfβ1 pathway

Cell Death and Differentiation ◽

10.1038/s41418-020-0591-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 170-183

Author(s):

Ruimeng Yang ◽

Ming Zhan ◽

Miaomiao Guo ◽

Hao Yuan ◽

Yiqin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Susceptibility Gene ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Vital Role ◽

Yolk Sac ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

Neuron Development ◽

Mature Brain ◽

The Central Nervous System

AbstractMicroglia are the primary immune cells in the central nervous system, which plays a vital role in neuron development and neurodegenerative diseases. Microglial precursors in peripheral hematopoietic tissues colonize the central nervous system during early embryogenesis. However, how intrinsic and extrinsic signals integrate to regulate microglia’s differentiation remains undefined. In this study, we identified the cerebral white matter hyperintensities susceptibility gene, programmed cell death protein 11 (PDCD11), as an essential factor regulating microglia differentiation. In zebrafish, pdcd11 deficiency prevents the differentiation of the precursors to mature brain microglia. Although, the inflammatory featured macrophage brain colonization is augmented. At 22 h post fertilization, the Pdcd11-positive cells on the yolk sac are distinct from macrophages and neutrophils. Mechanistically, PDCD11 exerts its physiological role by differentially regulating the functions of nuclear factor-kappa B family members, P65 and c-Rel, suppressing P65-mediated expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as tnfα, and enhancing the c-Rel-dependent appearance of tgfβ1. The present study provides novel insights in understanding microglia differentiation during zebrafish development.

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THERMAL STUDIES ON ASBESTOS: I. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND TIME OF HEATING ON LOSS IN WEIGHT AND RESORPTION OF MOISTURE

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr41b-006 ◽

1941 ◽

Vol 19b (2) ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

D. Wolochow ◽

W. Harold White

Keyword(s):

Rapid Method ◽

Thermal Studies ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Chrysotile Asbestos ◽

Prolonged Heating ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Free Moisture

Heating a chrysotile asbestos mill fibre has shown that in the approximate temperature range of 500 to 700 °C. the loss in weight depends on both the time and temperature. At other temperatures the loss is practically independent of the time.Prolonged heating at about 490 °C. expelled about 25%, and at 510 °C. about 50%, of the combined water. Complete dehydration occurred on prolonged heating at about 580 °C., but only above 700 °C. was the loss in weight rapid.On the basis of the data obtained on the resorption of moisture it is suggested that heating for half an hour at 215 °C. would be a more accurate and rapid method for determining free moisture than that commonly employed.

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