scholarly journals Pengaruh Rizobakteri dalam Meningkatkan Kandungan Asam Salisilat dan Total Fenol Tanaman terhadap Penekanan Nematoda Puru Akar

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Kristiana Sri Wijayanti ◽  
Bambang Tri Rahardjo ◽  
Toto Himawan
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Important Disease

<p> </p><p>Penyakit puru akar pada tanaman kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) yang disebabkan oleh nematoda Meloidogyne spp. mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas serat. Kolonisasi rizobakteri dalam rizosfer berperan sebagai antagonis yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam ketahanan tanaman terhadap patogen.  Peran rizobakteri sebagai bioprotektan dapat menurunkan populasi nematoda yang akan mempengaruhi perkembangan patogen penyebab penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi rizobakteri yang potensial dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman kenaf terhadap infeksi nematoda Meloidogyne spp. melalui pembentukan metabolit sekunder diantaranya kandungan total fenol dan asam salisilat. Aplikasi<br /> rizobakteri dengan cara perendaman dan tanpa perendaman baik secara tunggal maupun konsorsium.  Rizobakteri yang digunakan terdiri dari 3 jenis yaitu Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, dan Azotobacter sp. Pengamatan kandungan total fenol dan asam salisilat diamati pada 15 dan 25 hari setelah inokulasi dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer. Peningkatan total fenol dan asam salisilat tertinggi diperoleh ketika benih kenaf direndam dengan bakteri P. fluorescens berturut-turut sebesar 513,45% dan 235,99%. Terdapat peningkatan bobot kering tanaman kenaf dengan aplikasi rizobakteri dibandingkan dengan kontrol.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Effect </em></strong><strong><em>of Rhizobacteria  in Content  of Salicylic Acid and </em></strong><strong><em>Total Phenol </em></strong><strong><em>of Kenaf </em></strong><strong><em>Against </em></strong><strong><em>Nematodes</em></strong><strong><em> Infections</em></strong></p><p align="center"> </p><p><em>Root knoot disease of kenaf caused by nematodes Meloidogyne spp. is an important disease since it lowers quality and quantity of the fiber. Colonization of rhizobacteria in rhizosphere acts as an antagonist that can be utilized in plant resistance to pathogens. The role of rhizobacteria as a bioprotectan could reduce nematode population, and thus affect development of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the potency of rhizobacteria in improving kenaf resistance against root knot nematode by inhibiting the production of total phenols and salicylic acid. Application of rhizobacteria was done by soaking or without soaking kenaf seeds either singly or in consortium. There were three rhizobacteria used in this study, i.e: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Azotobacter sp. The content of total phenols and salicylic acid was observed at 15 and 25 days after inoculation using a spectrophotometer. The highest elevation level of total phenols and salicylic acid was obtained when kenaf seeds were soaked in P. fluorescens 513,45% and 235,99% respectively. There is an increase dry weight of kenaf with aplication of rhizobacteria compared with controls.</em></p>

scholarly journals Variable survival ability of rhizobacteria in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) rhizosphere

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1699-1703
Author(s):  
Anurag Yadav ◽  
Kusum Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Better Than

A study was undertaken to compare the survival efficacy of two native, previously characterized bacterial biovars viz. Bacillus subtilis BCU5 and Pseudomonas fluorescens PCU17 with Bacillus subtilis strain MTCC1789 and Pseudomonas fluorescens strain MTCC4828, procured from Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh,India in cumin rhizosphere and bulk soil. All the four bacterial types were made rifampicin resistant and the mutants were applied as inoculants at the dosage of 6 log, 7 log and 8 log colony forming units (cfu) g-1 dry soil weight in pots containing cumin seedlings. The cfu of rhizosphere and bulk soil of pots was observed per week for four weeks. The results show that the initial population decline is a common feature of bioinoculants. In rhizosphere and bulk soil, the native bacterial biovars survived better than their procured counterparts. The population of P. fluorescens strain MTCC4828r in rhizosphere soil declined faster and reached below detection limit whereas the P. fluorescens biovar PCUr rhizosphere final population dropped to 3.1 log, 2.9 log and 2.13 log cfu g-1 soil dry weight with 8 log, 7 log and 6 log cfu g-1 soil dry weight inoculum treatment, respectively. In contrast to P. fluorescens strain MTCC4828r, the population of B. subtilis strain MTCC1789r stabilized after some decline and was comparable with B. subtilis biovar BCU5 population. Study concludes that the inoculant population decline in soil was the result of lower microbial load carrying capacity of soil than the provided inoculum densities. Also, the native bacteria survived better than procured ones in rhizosphere soil.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Bacillus subtilis dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dalam pengendalian hayati Ralstonia solanacearum penyebab penyakit layu bakteri pada tomat

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/2305 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Istiqomah Istiqomah ◽  
Dian Eka Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Type Test ◽  
Important Disease

Salah satu penyakit penting pada produksi tomat di Indonesia adalah layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum. Alternatif untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri adalah dengan menggunakan Bacillus subtilis dan Pseudomonas fluorescens. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemampuan B. subtilis dan P. fluorescens dalam mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri yang disebabkan R. solanacearum serta mekanisme penghambatannya. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 tahap, yaitu perbanyakan inokulum R. solanacearum, uji virulensi dan uji hipersensitif  R. solanacearum, uji antagonis B. subtilis dan P. fluorescens terhadap R. solanacearum pada media agar, uji jenis antibiosis, penelitian di rumah kaca, dan analisis total fenol. Hasil penelitian uji antagonis menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat B. subtilis dan P. fluorescens memiliki potensi menghambat R. solanacearum dengan tipe antibiosis bakteriostatik. Hasil analisis kadar fenol menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan total fenol secara signifikan pada tanaman tomat yang diaplikasikan isolat B. subtilis UB-ABS6, P. fluorescens UB-PF5 dan P. fluorescens UB-PF6. Penelitian di rumah kaca menunjukkan bahwa semua tanaman tomat yang diaplikasikan agens hayati mengalami penundaan masa inkubasi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Isolat B. subtilis UB-ABS2, B. subtilis UB-ABS6, P. fluorescens UB-PF5 dan P. fluorescens UB-PF6 secara signifikan menekan kejadian penyakit layu bakteri berturut-turut 50%, 30%, 60%, dan 60%. B. subtilis dan P. fluorescens dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengendalikan layu bakteri pada tomat yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum. One of important disease that infects tomato production in Indonesia is bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Alternative on controlling bacterial wilt is using Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Goal of the research was to find out ability of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens to control R. Solanacearum and mechanism of the inhibition. This research divided into 5 stages, i.e. propagation of R. solanacearum, virulence and hypersensitive tests of R. Solanacearum, antagonist test of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens against R. solanacearum on agar medium, antibiosis type test, research in greenhouse, and total phenol analysis. The result showed that all isolates of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens have potential to inhibite R. solanacearum by bacteriostatic antibiosis type. The total phenol level showed significant increase of phenol on tomato along with the application of isolates B. subtilis UB-ABS6, P. fluorescens UB-PF5 and P. fluorescens UB-PF6. Research in the greenhouse showed that all tomatoes, which had been given bioagent, did delay on the incubation than the control. Isolates of B. subtilis UB-ABS2, B. subtilis UB-ABS6, P. fluorescens UB-PF5, and P. fluorescens UB-PF6 had significantly inhibited the bacterial wilt disease 50%, 30%, 60%, and 60%, respectively. Therefore, B. subtilis and P. fluorescens can be used to control bacterial wilt diseases on tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum.

scholarly journals Role of salicylic acid in systemic resistance induced by Pseudomonas fluorescens against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri in chickpea

2003 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratul Saikia ◽  
Tanuja Singh ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Juhi Srivastava ◽  
Alok K. Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Systemic Resistance

scholarly journals Role of Dipicolinic Acid in Resistance and Stability of Spores of Bacillus subtilis with or without DNA-Protective α/β-Type Small Acid-Soluble Proteins

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (11) ◽  
pp. 3740-3747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Setlow ◽  
Swaroopa Atluri ◽  
Ryan Kitchel ◽  
Kasia Koziol-Dube ◽  
Peter Setlow
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Dipicolinic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Spore Resistance ◽  
Wet Heat

ABSTRACT Dipicolinic acid (DPA) comprises ∼10% of the dry weight of spores of Bacillus species. Although DPA has long been implicated in spore resistance to wet heat and spore stability, definitive evidence on the role of this abundant molecule in spore properties has generally been lacking. Bacillus subtilis strain FB122 (sleB spoVF) produced very stable spores that lacked DPA, and sporulation of this strain with DPA yielded spores with nearly normal DPA levels. DPA-replete and DPA-less FB122 spores had similar levels of the DNA protective α/β-type small acid-soluble spore proteins (SASP), but the DPA-less spores lacked SASP-γ. The DPA-less FB122 spores exhibited similar UV resistance to the DPA-replete spores but had lower resistance to wet heat, dry heat, hydrogen peroxide, and desiccation. Neither wet heat nor hydrogen peroxide killed the DPA-less spores by DNA damage, but desiccation did. The inability to synthesize both DPA and most α/β-type SASP in strain PS3664 (sspA sspB sleB spoVF) resulted in spores that lost viability during sporulation, at least in part due to DNA damage. DPA-less PS3664 spores were more sensitive to wet heat than either DPA-less FB122 spores or DPA-replete PS3664 spores, and the latter also retained viability during sporulation. These and previous results indicate that, in addition to α/β-type SASP, DPA also is extremely important in spore resistance and stability and, further, that DPA has some specific role(s) in protecting spore DNA from damage. Specific roles for DPA in protecting spore DNA against damage may well have been a major driving force for the spore's accumulation of the high levels of this small molecule.

scholarly journals KETAHANAN BEBERAPA AKSESI KENAF TERHADAP NEMATODA PURU AKAR (Meloidogyne spp)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
UNTUNG SETYO BUDI ◽  
RR. SRI HARTATI ◽  
CECE SUHARA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Specific Hybridization ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

<p>ABSTRAK<br /><br />Nematoda puru akar (Meloidogyne spp.) merupakan penyakit yang<br />tergolong penting dan banyak menyerang pertanaman kenaf di lahan<br />pengembangan  maupun  perbenihan  sehingga  banyak  menimbulkan<br />kerugian bagi petani karena terjadi penurunan produktivitas. Salah satu<br />cara untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut yaitu dengan menggunakan<br />varietas tahan. Evaluasi plasma nutfah merupakan tahap awal untuk<br />mengetahui potensi yang ada pada tiap-tiap aksesi yang nantinya bisa<br />dipergunakan sebagai sumber gen ketahanan. Kegiatan untuk mengetahui<br />tingkat ketahanan 23 aksesi kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) dan 3 aksesi<br />kerabat liarnya (Hibiscus asetosela dan Hibiscus radiatus) terhadap<br />serangan nematoda puru akar (NPA) dilakukan di rumah kaca dan<br />laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat, Malang pada<br />bulan Agustus - Desember 2003. Penelitian mengacu pada Metode Taylor<br />dan Sasser yang dimodifikasi, sedangkan penilaian tingkat ketahanan  j<br />menggunakan metode Canto-Saenz. Benih kenaf ditanam dalam pollybag<br />berisi media tanah-pasir-pupuk kandang seberat 10 kg dengan perban-<br />dingan 5:3:2, diulang 10 kali. Pada umur 15 hari setelah tanam, tanaman<br />diinokulasi dengan massa larva Meloidogyine spp stadium dua sebanyak 40 larva<br />per 100 ml tanah (atau 4000 larva per polybag). Pengamatan dilakukan pada<br />30  hari  setelah  inokulasi  atau  45  hari  setelah  tanam,  yaitu<br />terhadapjumlah puru akar, populasi larva NPA dalamtanah dan akar, serta<br />tinggi dan diameter batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua<br />aksesi kenaf (H. cannabinus) tidak tahan terhadap serangan NPA, namun tiga<br />aksesi  dari  kerabat  liamya,  yaitu  SSRH/1010  H  (H.  asetosela),<br />SSRH/1023 H (H. asetosela) dan Kal II (H. radiatus) memiliki sifat tahan<br />terhadap NPA Ketiga aksesi tersebut diharapkan bisa dipergunakan sebagai<br />tetua tahan nematoda puru akar pada persilangan interspesifik dengan kenaf<br />komersial.<br />Kata kunci : Kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus, plasma nutfah, penyakit <br />ketahanan, nematoda puru akar</p><p><br />ABSTRACT<br />Resistance of kenaf accessions to root knot nematodes <br />Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp) is the main pest of kenaf<br />both the field and nursery. This reduced kenaf farmer's income because it<br />decreased the productivity. One of the solutions to eliminate this problem<br />is utilization of resistant variety. Evaluation of germplasm is one of the<br />methods to identify tolerant accessions to root knot nematode. The<br />experiment aimed to screen the level of resistance of kenaf and allied fibre<br />accessions to root knot nematodes (RKN). The activity was conducted at the<br />laboratory and the green house of Indonesian Research Institute for Tobacco and<br />Fibre  Crops,  Malang  from  August  to  December  2003.  The<br />experiment used modified Taylor and Sasser method, while to determine<br />level of plant resistance used Canto-Saenz method. Kenaf seeds were planted<br />in  polybags  consisting  of  media  soil-sand-cattle  manure  10  kg<br />polybag with both in the replicated ten times. Number of RKN larvae<br />tested were 40 larvae/l00 ml soil or 4000 larvae/polybag, which were<br />inoculated 15 days after planting. Observation was done 30 days after<br />inoculation or 45 days after planting on the numbers of galls on root,<br />population of RKN in the soil and root, plant height and stem diameter.<br />Research result showed that three accessions from allied fibre of kenaf,<br />namely SSRH/1010 H (H. asetosela), SSRH/1023 H (H. asetosela) and Kal II<br />(H. radiatus) were resistant to RKN, while, all of 23 accessions of kenaf (H.<br />cannabinus) were susceptible to highly susceptible to RKN. There three<br />accessions can be used as resostant parent on inter specific hybridization.</p>

scholarly journals Bioefficacy of Bacillus subtilis against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood in tomato

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1012-1015
Author(s):  
Subhalaxmi Roy ◽  
Arun Rathod ◽  
Aniruddha Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Gall Index

An investigation was conducted for the management of root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood infesting tomato through the application of bio-control agent like Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Experiment result revealed that minimum no. of galls/25seedlings (17.50) and maximum seedling height (27.6cm) were observed in Bacillus subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis @ 5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ ha. The highest weight/25seedlings (69.50g) was noticed in the B. subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis 2.5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ha. The highest growth of the plant at 45 DAT (49.2cm) and at harvest (81.2cm) and maximum fresh (711.3g) and dry weight (265g) was found in B. subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis 2.5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ha. B. subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis 2.5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ha exhibited lowest gall index (1.2/plant) and highest reduction of nematode population and provided highest yield of tomato fruits (335.75q/ha).

scholarly journals Cost-effective bacteria-based bionematicide formula to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. on tomato plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iis Nur Asyiah ◽  
JEKTI PRIHATIN ◽  
Ahda Dwi Hastuti ◽  
Sugeng Winarso ◽  
Lenny Widjayanthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Root Damage ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Abstract. Asyiah IN, Prihatin J, Hastuti AD, Winarso S, Widjayanthi L, Nugroho D, Firmansyah K, Pradana AP. 2021. Cost-effective bacteria-based bionematicide formula to control root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. in tomato plants. Biodiversitas 22: 3256-3264. The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. can infect and cause loss production in various horticultural plants, including tomatoes. In the previous study, we found 3 endophytic bacteria isolates and 1 rhizobacterium isolate that could control several plant-parasitic nematodes. In this study, we formulated these bionematicide isolates with cheap and environmentally friendly organic materials. The formula was fortified using several organic matters, vitamin sources, protein sources, and sugar sources. The research was conducted in an experimental land with a history of severe root-knot nematode infection. The analysis showed that there were 63.7 J2 Meloidogyne spp. per 100 ml of soil on the experimental land. The application was given at a time interval of 2 weeks at the concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, with a dose of 100 ml per plant. As a negative control, the plant did not give any treatments, and as a positive control, the plant was given 5 g carbofuran per plant. The results revealed that treatment with 2% bionematicide formula concentration showed the best consistent result. This treatment increased canopy wet weight by 38.63% and root dry weight by 106.97% compared to negative control. The P4 treatment was also found effective to increase fruit weight by 33.61% and fruit diameter by 26.16% as compared to negative control. Increased plant growth in P4 treatment was closely related to the total of root-knot suppression and root damage intensity. In the P4 treatment, the total of root-knots and root damage intensities was 44.83% and 32.66%, respectively, compared to the negative control. This suppression also occurred in the nematode population and nematode eggs. In the P4 treatment, the total of Meloidogyne spp. J2 in soil and root was lower by 60.74% and 66.24%, respectively, compared to the negative control. A similar phenomenon also occurred in the total of eggs, which was 79.40% lower than the total of eggs in the negative control. This study provides the latest information about a cost-effective bacteria-based bionematicide formula, which is effective in suppressing Meloidogyne spp. infection in tomato, and promotes the growth and development tomato plant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document