THE EFFECT OF RICE CULTIVARS ON METHANE EMISSION FROM IRRIGATED RICE FIELD

Rice plants have been reported to affect methane (CH4) emission from rice fields. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of rice cultivars on CH4 emission from flooded rice and to develop crop management strategies with low emitting rice cultivars while sustaining high yield. The four rice cultivars studied were Memberamo, Cisadane, IR64, and Way Apoburu. The CH4 emissions were determined in the wet season of 2001/2002 (November-February) using an automated closed chamber technique in an irrigated field condition. Farmyard manure at the rate of 5 t ha-1 was given to the plots to ensure carbon was not limited. Root weight, root length, biomass, and number of tillers were determined at 17, 36, and 57 days after transplanting (DAT). The results showed that the mean CH4 emission was highest in the plot planted with Cisadane (94.8 kg CH4 ha-1), and the lowest with IR64 (37.7 kg CH4 ha-1). The plots treated with emberamo and Way Apoburu resulted an intermediate CH4 emission at the average of 61.1 and 58.9 kg CH4 ha-1, respectively. There was no significant difference in yield between the cultivars tested. The yield of Memberamo, Cisadane, IR64, and Way Apoburu were 5.882, 5.764, 5.873 and 6.065 t ha-1, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the root weight and root length among cultivars. However, Cisadane gave the highest dry matter weight (222 g hill-1) at 57 DAT compared to the other cultivars (175-190 g hill-1). Plant tillers did not show significant differences between the cultivars. Regression analysis showed that CH4 flux was significantly related with root weight, root length, aboveground biomass, and number of plant tillers. This finding shows that the use of selected cultivars, such as IR64, can potentially lower CH4 emission without scarifying yield.

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THE EFFECT OF RICE CULTIVARS ON METHANE EMISSION FROM IRRIGATED RICE FIELD

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v5n1.2004.20-31 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 20 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

P. Setyanto ◽

A.B. Rosenani ◽

R. Boer ◽

C.I. Fauziah ◽

M.J. Khanif

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Management Strategies ◽

High Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Ch4 Emission ◽

Wet Season ◽

Closed Chamber ◽

Significant Difference

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kajian macam dan dosis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan ketela pohon

Innofarm:Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian ◽

10.33061/innofarm.v22i1.3525 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Annisa Witular ◽

JM Sri Hardiatmi ◽

Kharis Triyono

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Root Weight ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Height ◽

The Real ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Difference Test

Study the Types and Dosage of Organic Fertilizers of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). The research to observe the development of cassava due to the influence of cassava based on organic fertilizer. This research was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020, in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Slamet Riyadi University, Surakarta. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 1 treatment, namely type and dose of organic fertilizers and obtained 10 combinations treatments and each was repeated 3 times. From the research data, analysis of variance will be carried out nd then the real difference test will be countinued with the real Honestly Significant Difference test at the 5% level. In this observation observed included 8 parameters: shoot height, longest root length, number of roots, number of leaves,fresh weight of planted roots, dry weight of planted roots, fresh weight of planting buds, and dry weight of planting buds. The results showed that (1) effect of kinds and dosages of organic fertilizer the effect very apparent in the parameters of the number of planted leaves, number of planted roots, longest root length, dry weight of planted roots, fresh weight of planted shoots and dry weight of planted shoots. Significantly affected the shoot height parameters. No significant effect is found on the parameters of the fresh root weight of the crop. (2) The dosage of 1.9 kg / polybag (MD7) fertilizer application gave the best results on the dry weight of shoots, 378 grams.

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Effect of cutting position and vine pruning level on yield of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

Journal of Aridland Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jaa.2019.v5.5255 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 01-05

Author(s):

Ncube Netsai ◽

Mutetwa Moses, Mtaita Tuarira

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Root Length ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Root Weight ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Significant Difference

There is significant variation in yield of storage roots and vines of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) among farmers due to use of different cutting positions and pruning of vines at different levels. This study was carried out to establish the cutting position and the vine pruning level that give the best yield of both the storage roots and vines. The study was conducted in a 3x3 factorial arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments included cutting position at three levels (apical cutting, middle cutting and basal cutting) and pruning at three levels, 0%, 25% and 50% respectively. Pruning was done. 50 days after planting. And storage root harvesting was done 100 days after planting. The two measurements were summed up to give the total vine weight. Storage root length, diameter and weight were measured at 100 DAP. Storage root length indicated significant difference (P<0.05) only among cutting positions with highest mean length (16.20 cm) obtained from apical cutting and the lowest (11.98 cm) from basal cutting. Storage root diameter, storage root weight and vine weight indicated significant interaction (P<0.05) of cutting position and vine pruning level. Highest mean root diameter and root weight were obtained from middle cutting and 25% vine pruning level, with the lowest being obtained from basal cutting and 50% vine pruning level. Highest vine weight was recorded from middle cutting and 50% vine pruning level, with the lowest being recorded from basal cutting and 0% vine pruning level. Both middle and apical stem cuttings can be recommended for higher storage root and vine yield. Vine pruning at 25% can be adopted for higher storage root yield while pruning at 50% can be suggested for higher vine yield.

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Impacts of Microbial Inoculants on the Growth and Yield of Maize Plant

The Open Agriculture Journal ◽

10.2174/1874331501913010001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Elizabeth T. Alori ◽

Olubukola O. Babalola ◽

Claire Prigent-Combaret

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Field Experiments ◽

The Other ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Soil Types ◽

Great Promise ◽

Root Weight ◽

Microbial Inoculants ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Significant Difference

Background:The use of microbial inoculants holds a great promise to improve crop yield without the negative environmental and health hazard associated with chemical fertilizer.Aim:To investigate ifPseudomonasspp. (Pseudomonas kilonensisF113 andPseudomonas protegensCHA0 strains) have promoting effects on vegetative growth and yield of different maize genotypes (viz. AFLATOXIN SYN 4W, TZB-SR, AFLATOXIN R SYN 2Y, AFLATOXIN SYN 3W and AFLATOXIN SYN-2Y) under different soil types.Methods:Both pot and field experiments were employed. Bacterialized seeds were sown (2 seeds/pot/stand).Results:Pot experiment showed that both the bacterial species significantly stimulated the growth of maize shoot length, stem girth, leaf length, root length and root weight. The effect of genotypes AFLATOXIN SYN 4W, TZB-SR, AFLATOXIN R SYN 2Y and AFLATOXIN SYN 3W are not significantly different from one another but AFLATOXIN SYN-2Y showed a significantly lower increase in the measured parameters. No significant difference was observed according to soil types. AFLATOXIN SYN 4W showed a significantly higher root weight while AFLATOXIN R SYN 2Y showed a significantly higher root length compared to the other maize genotypes. Moreover,Pseudomonassignificantly increased maize growth and yield under field experiment. AFLATOXIN R SYN 2Y and AFLATOXIN SYN 4W showed a significantly higher yield than the other maize genotypes studied.Conclusion:We concluded thatPseudomonas kilogenensisF113 andPseudomonas protegensCHA0 are potential biofertilizers.

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The effect of different pasture management strategies in north-west Queensland on liveweight gain and wool growth rate of several groups of young sheep.

The Rangeland Journal ◽

10.1071/rj9850075 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 75 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RGA Stephenson ◽

DA Pritchard ◽

PM Pepper ◽

PT Connelly

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dry Season ◽

Wet Season ◽

Pasture Management ◽

North West ◽

Wool Growth ◽

Significant Difference

The effect of three different pasture management strategies on liveweight gain and wool growth rate of young(weaner) sheep was examined immediately after weaning on Mitchell grass-Flinders grass pastures during the dry season of north-west Queensland. The pasture management strategies were designed to mimic various industry situations, while the performance of four different progeny groups was compared and used to provide an overall assessment of pasture quality. Pasture treatments (experiment 1) consisted of three paddocks, a harvested (c. 8% of pasture harvested and baled) and spelled, a spelled, and a continuously grazed paddock. Spelled paddocks were not grazed during and after the wet season for a period of six months while the continuously grazed paddock was continuously stocked before the experiment. Experiment 2 consisted of spelled and continuously grazed paddocks. Pastures were evaluated by measuring the changes in composition and quality (experiment 1) and the responses in liveweight gain (experiments 1 and 2) and wool growth of the weaners (experiment 1). Marked improvements (c. 100%) in weaner growth rates occurred in the spelled paddocks. Greasy wool production by three groups of ewes in experiment I was about 14% greater in the harvested paddock than in the others. At the start of the trial there were no significant differences in dry matter yield but a significant difference in botanical composition occurred between paddocks. The changes in dry matter that occurred between the beginning and end of grazing were not significantly different between paddocks. Before gazing, forbs made up approximately 16%, 4% and 1% of pastures in harvested, spelled and continuously grazed paddocks respectively. The change in the percentage forbs that occurred between the beginning and end of the grazing period was significantly greater in the harvested paddock than in the other paddocks indicating preferential selection and intake by sheep. The differences in weaner live weight and wool growth between paddocks suggest that paddock management can improve weaner productivity. The study also indicates that paddock management could be successfully used to increase the percentage of forbs and quality of the pasture during the dry season. The superior wool growth of two progeny groups also suggests that improved productivity of breeding flocks in the tropics is possible if superior sheep can be identified. The results highlight the importance of preferential management of pasture for weaners so that productivity advantages can be exploited.

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An evaluation of a shoulder rehabilitation class in a UK hospital following evidence-based modifications

Physiotherapy Practice and Research ◽

10.3233/ppr-200408 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Emily Kell ◽

John A. Hammond ◽

Sophie Andrews ◽

Christina Germeni ◽

Helen Hingston ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Shoulder Pain ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Rehabilitation Programme ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Satisfaction Survey ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Patient Satisfaction Survey ◽

Significant Difference

OBJECTIVES: Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder, which carries a high cost to healthcare systems. Exercise is a common conservative management strategy for a range of shoulder conditions and can reduce shoulder pain and improve function. Exercise classes that integrate education and self-management strategies have been shown to be cost-effective, offer psycho-social benefits and promote self-efficacy. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an 8-week educational and exercise-based shoulder rehabilitation programme following the introduction of evidence-based modifications. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of a shoulder rehabilitation programme at X Trust was conducted, comparing existing anonymised Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS) scores from two cohorts of class participants from 2017-18 and 2018-19 that were previously collected by the physiotherapy team. Data from the two cohorts were analysed separately, and in comparison, to assess class efficacy. Descriptive data were also analysed from a patient satisfaction survey from the 2018-19 cohort. RESULTS: A total of 47 patients completed the 8-week shoulder rehabilitation programme during the period of data collection (2018-2019). The 2018-19 cohort showed significant improvements in SPADI (p 0.001) and PSFS scores (p 0.001). No significant difference was found between the improvements seen in the 2017-18 cohort and the 2018-19 cohort. 96% of the 31 respondents who completed the patient satisfaction survey felt the class helped to achieve their goals. CONCLUSION: A group-based shoulder rehabilitation class, which included loaded exercises and patient education, led to improvements in pain, disability and function for patients with rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP) in this outpatient setting, but anticipated additional benefits based on evidence were not observed.

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High prevalence of familial and genetic disease in children with cardiomyopathies: baseline paediatric data from the ESC EORP Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis registry

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

J.P Kaski ◽

A.G Maggioni ◽

P Charron ◽

P.M Elliott ◽

J.R Gimeno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Testing ◽

Genetic Disease ◽

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ◽

Neuromuscular Disorders ◽

High Yield ◽

Causative Mutation ◽

Inborn Errors ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Familial Disease ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background Previous studies on paediatric cardiomyopathies have provided useful information on their epidemiology and clinical presentation but have been limited by a lack of detailed data on genetic testing and aetiology. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of familial and genetic disease among children with cardiomyopathy enrolled in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis EORP Long-Term Registry (CMY-LT). Methods 633 individuals aged <18 years with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [HCM; n=387 (61%)], dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM; n=205 (33%)], restrictive cardiomyopathy [RCM; n=28 (4%)] and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy [ARVC; n=11 (2%)] were enrolled by 26 centres from 14 countries. Mean age at diagnosis was 5.2 (±5.4) years and there was a male predominance [n=372 (59%)] across all cardiomyopathy subtypes, with the exception of DCM in those diagnosed <10 years of age (p=0.005). 541 (87%) were probands compared to 83 (13%) first-degree relatives. Results Overall, 253 patients (47% of those reported) had familial disease; in those diagnosed between 10 and 18 years of age, familial disease was most frequent in HCM and least frequent in DCM [57 (55%) vs 12 (32%); p=0.046]. Genetic testing was performed in 414 (68%) patients. In those diagnosed <10 years, genetic testing was more frequently performed in HCM [128 (67%) vs 33 (37%) in DCM, 10 (56%) in RCM and 1 (50%) in ARVC; p=0.008]; in those aged 10–18, genetic testing was most frequent in ARVC [n=8 (89%)] followed by HCM [n=81 (69%)], RCM [n=1 (50%)] and DCM [n=22 (46%); p=0.007]. A causative mutation was reported in 250 patients (60%), with a higher yield in those aged 10–18 vs <10 years [77 (69%) vs 172 (57%), p=0.032]. In those <10 years, the prevalence of reported causative mutations was highest in HCM [128 (67%) vs 10 (56%) in RCM, 1 (50%) in ARVC and 33 (37%) in DCM; p<0.001]; in those 10–18 years, there was no significant difference in prevalence of reported causative variants between cardiomyopathy subtypes. Rare disease phenocopies were reported in 171 patients (27%): malformation syndromes [n=75 (12%)]; neuromuscular disorders [n=49 (8%)]; inborn errors of metabolism [n=20 (3%)]; mitochondrial [n=18 (3%)]; and chromosomal [n=15 (2%)]. Phenocopies were reported most frequently in patients <10 years [135 (30%) vs 35 (20%) in those aged 10–18 years; p=0.008], particularly in HCM in those <10 years [n=110 (41%); p<0.001 vs other subtypes] and DCM in those aged 10–18 years [n=18 (38%); p=0.03 vs other subtypes]. Conclusion This study confirms the heterogeneous aetiology of childhood cardiomyopathies and demonstrate a higher prevalence of familial disease than previously reported in paediatric populations. Genetic testing is performed in a high proportion of patients, with a high yield of reported causative variants. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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Total Organic Carbon Assessment in Soils Cultivated with Agave tequilana Weber in Jalisco, Mexico

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13010208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 208

Author(s):

Celia De La Mora-Orozco ◽

José G. Flores-Garnica ◽

Lucia M. Vega-Ramírez ◽

Irma J. González-Acuña ◽

Juan Nápoles-Armenta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Total Organic Carbon ◽

Management Practices ◽

Water Saturation ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Information Criterion ◽

Agave Tequilana ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Agriculture Management

The Agave tequilana Weber is an important commercial crop in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. However, the agave cultivation generates significant soil loss. For that reason, knowledge about the implementation of the agriculture management practices, such as manure application and the combination of inorganic fertilizers and manure, are relevant. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of agricultural management practices on the total organic carbon (TOC) in the soil in three study locations: Arandas, Tepatitlán, and Acatic in the Altos Sur region of Jalisco. A random sampling was carried out in each study location, 12 samples were obtained for each location at 0–30 cm deep, and a total of 36 samples were analyzed. The evaluated parameters were the potential hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), bulk density (BD), soil-water saturation (SWS), total nitrogen (TN), and total organic carbon (TOC). Basic statistics and correlations between parameters were generated. In addition, to estimate TOC from a multivariate analysis, models were developed based on the lowest Akaike information criterion (AIC) and of the classification and regression trees (CART). ANOVA and Tukey test were determined. Results demonstrated a significant difference in the TOC percentages between the study locations. The Tukey test showed that there is no difference in TOC content between the Tepatitlán and Arandas sites, but there is a difference between these two sites and the Acatic. The latter resulted with the lowest values of TOC. Long-term studies are recommended to develop crop management strategies.

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Organic Amendments Influence Soil Water Depletion, Root Distribution, and Water Productivity of Summer Maize in the Guanzhong Plain of Northwest China

Water ◽

10.3390/w10111640 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1640 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li-Li Zhao ◽

Lu-Sheng Li ◽

Huan-Jie Cai ◽

Xiao-Hu Shi ◽

Chao Zhang

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Root Distribution ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Northwest China ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Root Weight ◽

Summer Maize

Organic amendments improve general soil conditions and stabilize crop production, but their effects on the soil hydrothermal regime, root distribution, and their contributions to water productivity (WP) of maize have not been fully studied. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of organic amendments on soil temperature, water storage depletion (SWSD), root distribution, grain yield, and the WP of summer maize (Zea mays L.) in the Guanzhong Plain of Northwest China. The control treatment (CO) applied mineral fertilizer without amendments, and the three amended treatments applied mineral fertilizer with 20 Mg ha−1 of wheat straw (MWS), farmyard manure (MFM), and bioorganic fertilizer (MBF), respectively. Organic amendments decreased SWSD compared to CO, and the lowest value was obtained in MBF, followed by MWS and MFM. Meanwhile, the lowest mean topsoil (0–10 cm) temperature was registered in MWS. Compared to CO, organic amendments generally improved the root length density (RLD) and root weight density (RWD) of maize. MBF showed the highest RLD across the whole soil profile, while MWS yielded the greatest RWD to 20 cm soil depth. Consequently, organic amendments increased grain yield by 9.9–40.3% and WP by 8.6–47.1% compared to CO, and the best performance was attained in MWS and MBF. We suggest that MWS and MBF can benefit the maize agriculture in semi-arid regions for higher yield, and WP through regulating soil hydrothermal conditions and improving root growth.

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