scholarly journals EFEK KALIUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU SERAIWANGI / Effect of Potassium on Growth, Yield and Quality of Citronella Grass

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Gusmaini Gusmaini ◽  
M. Syakir

<p>Citronella grass nowadays are developed in the highland that dominated by Andosol soil type. Thus, it is important to find out the proper fertilizer dosage, especially potassium, for citronella grass cultivation in Andosol soil. This study aimed to obtain the optimal of potassium dosage for growth, production and quality of Citronella grass oil. It was conducted at Manoko research station in Lembang, Bandung West Java from July 2014 to August 2015. This research was arranged in randomized block design, with 5 treatments and 5 replication. The treatments consisted of 5 potassium dosages: 1) without potassium, 2) 30 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O, 2) 60 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O, 3) 90 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O, and 5) 120 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O. The application of potassium on Andosol enhanced plant growth, production and oil yield significantly.  However, it did not affect the quality of citronella grass oil (citronella and oil content) significantly. The application of 30 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O in citronella grass cultivation on Andosol has the best result. The oil yield was 1.20% (the 1<sup>st</sup> harvest), 1.28% (The 2<sup>nd</sup> harvest) and 1.23% (the 3<sup>rd</sup> harvest), with yield increment 6.9-7.5%. Oil content was 1,40-1,70%. The K nutrient uptake also improved around 11.76%. Citronella content from all treatments ranged from 36.97-37.68%. This result suggested that the low dosage of potassium in Andosol was sufficient to enhance primary metabolites process (indicated by growth and yield). However, it had no direct effect on the secondary metabolite process (represented by essential oil and citronella content). Based on the soil analysis after trial, the K residues in the soil was still high. However, its availability for the plants had to be tested further.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Cymbopogon nardus</em>, citronella content, oil content, oil yield, potassium.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="BodyText22">Pengembangan tanaman seraiwangi saat ini cenderung ke daerah-daerah dataran tinggi yang umumnya didominasi oleh tanah  Andosol, oleh sebab itu perlu diketahui kebutuhan pupuk terutama kalium untuk tanaman seraiwangi di daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis K yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan, produksi dan mutu minyak sitronela yang dihasilkan dari tanaman seraiwangi. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Manoko Balittro Lembang, Jawa Barat, dimulai dari Juli 2014-Agustus 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 5 dosis K yaitu: 1) tanpa kalium (K1), 2) dosis 30 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O, 3) dosis 60 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O, 4) dosis 90 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O, dan 5) dosis 120 kg/ha K<sub>2</sub>O. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kalium pada tanah Andosol berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman, produksi dan rendemen, namun tidak mempengaruhi mutu minyak seraiwangi yang dihasilkan (kadar sitronela dan kadar minyak). Pemberian K sebanyak 30 kg/ha merupakan dosis terbaik dalam budidaya seraiwangi pada tanah Andosol. Rendemen yang diperoleh 1,20% (panen ke-1), 1,28% (panen ke-2) dan 1,23% (panen ke-3) dengan peningkatan sekitar 6,9-7,5%. Kadar minyak yang dihasilkan 1,40-1,70%. Peningkatan serapan hara K yang diperoleh sebesar 11,76%, dengan kadar sitronela 37,68%. Dengan demikian pemberian K pada tanah Andosol sangat diperlukan dalam proses metabolit primer (pertumbuhan dan produksi) dalam jumlah yang tidak terlalu tinggi, namun tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap proses pembentukan metabolit sekunder (kadar minyak dan kadar sitronela). Selain itu  kadar K yang tersisa di dalam tanah masih cukup tinggi, namun perlu dilakukan pengujian lebih lanjut mengenai ketersediaannya bagi tanaman.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: <em>Cymbopogon nardus</em>, kalium, kadar minyak, rendemen minyak, sitronela</p><p class="BodyText22"><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
NFN Setiawan ◽  
NFN Gusmaini ◽  
Hera Nurhayati

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="456"><p><em>Citronella grass (</em>Cymbopogon nardus var genuinus<em> L) is an essential oil-producing plant known as "Citronella Oil of Java". Oil is </em><em>resulted</em><em> from leaf distillation. The fertilization of N, P, K and Mg was expected to enhance herb productivity and oil yield of citronella grass. The research was conducted at Cicurug Experimental Garden, Sukabumi from August 2016 - February 2017. The objective of this research was to determine the proper dosage of NPKMg fertilizer on citronella grass in Latosol</em><em> soil type</em><em>. The study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with 6 fertilization treatments and 4 replications. Fertilizer treatments were (1) without fertilizer (control), (2) NPKMg (12:12:17:2): (2) at the dosage of 141 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>,(3) 281 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>, (4) 421 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>, (5) 526 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>, and (6) Urea 150 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>, SP-36         50 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> and KCl 125 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> (as comparison). The NPKMg fertilization on citronella grass enhanced plant growth and increased the productivity of biomass and oil yield.  The application of NPKMg fertilization (12:12:17:2) 141 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> produced 23 tons of herbs, increased by 30.8 % compared to NPK fertilization without Mg. The dosage of NPKMg fertilizer (12-12-17-2) at 281 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> indicated the best growth and the highest herb production (24 ton.ha<sup>-1</sup></em><em>),</em><em> increased by 39 %, while the highest oil content (1.4 %) was shown by 421 kg.ha<sup>-1 </sup>NPKMg (12-12-17-2) <em>treatment, although the oil yield was insignificant compared to 281 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>. Thus, the dosage of 281 kg.ha<sup>-1 </sup>NPKMg (12:12:17:2) can be recommended for citronella <ins cite="mailto:ASUS" datetime="2019-06-17T09:10"> grass</ins> cultivated at Latosol<ins cite="mailto:ASUS" datetime="2019-06-17T09:10"> soil type</ins></em></em></p></td></tr></tbody></table>


2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal

A field trial was conducted at Abu-Ghraib research station , Baghdad , Iraq . The objectives were to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and planting space on the performance of rape seed. A split-plot in a randomized complete of block design with three replications were used. Five levels of nitrogen fertilizer ( 120,160,200,240,280 Kg / ha ) were assigned to main plots, where as planting space in sub-plots. The result obtained confirmed that 280,240 kg / ha nitrogen maximized seed yield 1.830 , 1.773 ton/ha, oil yield,0.843,0.824 ton/ha .Results showed that planting space 30 cm produced the highest seed yield 1.90 ton / ha and oil yield , 0.884 ton / ha . Interactions between nitrogen fertilizer and planting space were also detected plants gave the highest seed yield 2.253 ton / ha and oil yield 1.045 ton /ha that 280kg/ha nitrogen ,30cm planting space and produced more oil content 48.54 % that 120 kg / ha nitrogen compared with high nitrogen fertilizer levels .


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
P. Bora ◽  
P. C. Bora ◽  
K. Kurmi ◽  
S. Kalita

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional-cum-Research (ICR) Farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during Rabi seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18 to study the response of niger to different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as well as sulphur on growth, yield and oil content of niger. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications. The treatments comprised of three NPK levels viz., F1 (20-10-10 kg N-P2O5-K2O ha-1), F2 (25-12.5- 12.5 kg N-P2O5-K2O ha-1), F3 (30-15-15 kg N-P2O5-K2O ha-1) and three S levels viz., S1 (no sulphur), S2 (10 kg S ha-1), S3 (20 kg S ha-1). Application of F3 (30-15-15 kg N-P2O5-K2O ha-1) and S3 (20 kg S ha-1) recorded maximum and significantly higher seed yield (q ha-1), oil content (%), oil yield (q ha-1) as well as growth and yield attributing parameters viz., plant height, number of leaves plant-1, number of branches plant-1, number of capitulum plant-1 and number of seeds capitulum-1 during both the years. Test weight was not influenced significantly during both the years. Interaction effects of NPK (F) and sulphur (S) were found to be not significant in respect of growth and yield attributing characters in both the years. In case of seed yield (q ha-1) and oil yield (q ha-1) interaction effect were found to be significant in both the years.The highest gross return (Rs. 23,905.00 in 2016-17 and Rs. 22,400.00 in 2017-18) and net return (Rs. 11,184.86 in 2016-17 and Rs. 9679.86 in 2017-18) were recorded by F3S3 in both the years. In case of benefit-cost ratio, the higher value (1.88 and 1.76, respectively) was recorded with F3S3 during 2016-17 and 2017-18.


2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-536
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal

A field trial was conducted at Abu-Ghraib research station , Baghdad , Iraq , during the autumn season of 2006. The objectives were to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and planting space on the performance of rape seed. A split-plot in a randomized complete of block design with three replications were used. Five levels of nitrogen fertilizer ( 120,160,200,240,280 Kg / ha ) were assigned to main plots, where as planting space in sub-plots. The result obtained confirmed that 280,240 kg / ha nitrogen maximized seed yield 1.830 , 1.773 ton/ha, oil yield,0.843,0.824 ton/ha .Results showed that planting space 30 cm produced the highest seed yield 1.90 ton / ha and oil yield , 0.884 ton / ha . Interactions between nitrogen fertilizer and planting space were also detected plants gave the highest seed yield 2.253 ton / ha and oil yield 1.045 ton /ha that 280kg/ha nitrogen ,30cm planting space and produced more oil content 48.54 % that 120 kg / ha nitrogen compared with high nitrogen fertilizer levels .


2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
SYAKIR SYAKIR ◽  
GUSMAINI GUSMAINI

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The role of nitrogen in the process of photosynthesis is very important. It affects the growth, development and yield, especially leaves. Lemon grass produces citronella oil that contained in the leaves. One of the efforts to increase leaves yield is by application of N fertilizer. The aims of this research were to obtain optimal N dosage to improve herbage yield and quality of lemon grass. The research was conducted in Manoko Research Station, Lembang West Java from April - December2014. Using randomized block design, with 4 replicates and 6 treatments. The treatments consisted of 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 and 11,5 g N/plant. Lemon grass used from G3 accession. Parameters observed included plant growth (height and number of tillers), yield (fresh and dry herbs weight, and oil yield), and quality (yield, oil and citronella content). The results showed that N application significantly increased the growth, yield, and quality of lemon grass. Application of 4,6 g N/plant of N was optimum dosage for plant height and tiller number, total yield of herbage fresh weight (2904.46 g/plant) and leaves dry weight (1574.83 g/plant), yield (1.55%), oil content (2.06%), citronella content (41.59%). The best yield of citronella was obtained from aplplication of 6,9 g N/plant.<br />Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, yield, citronella content</p><p> </p><p>PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI HERBA DAN MUTU SERAI WANGI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN NITROGEN</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Peranan nitrogen dalam proses fotosintesis sangat penting antara lain berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan produksi daun tanaman. Tanaman serai wangi merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan minyak sitronela yang terdapat di dalam daun. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi daun adalah dengan penambahan nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis N optimal dalam meningkatkan produksi herba dan mutu sitronela pada serai wangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapang yang dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Manoko, Lembang Jawa Barat dari bulan April – Desember 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan 6 perlakuan. Perlakuan pupuk N dengan dosis 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 dan 11,5 g/tan. Tanaman serai wangi yang digunakan dari aksesi G3. Pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi dan jumlah anakan), produksi (bobot segar dan kering herba), dan mutu (rendemen, kadar sitronela, dan hasil minyak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian N berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan, produksi, dan mutu serai wangi. Nitrogen dengan dosis 4,6 g/tanaman merupakan dosis optimum untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan, total produksi herba segar (2.904,46 g/tan) dan kering (1.574,83 g/tan), rendemen (1,55%), kadar minyak (2,06%), dan kadar sitronela (41,59%) terbaik. Produksi minyak serai wangi terbaik pada pemberian N sebesar 6,9 g/tanaman.<br />Kata kunci: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, produksi, kadar sitronela.</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. YADAV ◽  
A. K. SRIVASTAVA ◽  
T. K. BAG

A field trial was conducted during two consecutive summer seasons of2012 and 2013 at ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Shillong, Meghalaya to evaluate the integration of nutrient sources on productivity and soil health under rainfed potato cultivation in north eastern hill region of India. There were six treatments of integrated nutrient management viz., 100% Recommended dose of fertilizers,75% RDF through synthetic fertilizers and 25% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through FYM, 50% RDF and 50% RDN through FYM, 25% RDF and 75% RDN through FYM, 100% RDN through FYM and control (no application of any sources of nutrients). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications. Nutrient management practices showed the significant improvement on growth and yield attributes of potato over control plot. Highest productivity of potato tubers (t/ha) was noticed with application of 75% RDF through synthetic fertilizers along with 25% RDN through FYM. Similarly, the maximum net return was associated with application of 75% RDF and 25% RDN through FYM under investigation. Application of 75% Recommended dose of nutrients through synthetic fertilizers in combination with 25% Recommended dose of nitrogen through FYM was more profitable for sustainable production of potato in the north eastern hill region of India.


Author(s):  
Totong Siwanto ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Maya Melati

ABSTRACT<br />Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of  application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1.<br />Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice


Author(s):  
Dwi Nugroho ◽  
Panjisakti Basunanda ◽  
Suryadi Mw

Reducing productivity, outbreak of insects and diseases, and decreasingin physical and cup quality are major problems for Arabica coffee cultivation inmedium altitude. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of altitude onphysical quality in eight genotypes of Arabica coffee. This research was conductedat two locations i.e. Andungsari Research Station-Bondowoso (1250 m asl. ashigh altitude) and Kalibendo Estate-Banyuwangi (700 m asl. as medium altitude).Randomized complete block design was used with three replications. Collecteddata consisted of outturn, weight of 100 beans, shape bean normality, apparentswelling, bulk density before and after roasting. Combined analysis on the physicalquality traits of green bean showed genotype x altitude interactions on weight of100 beans, percentage of normal beans and percentage of empty bean. Altitudesignificantly influenced coffee outturn. Decreasing in altitude from 1.250 m asl.to 700 m asl. caused declining in the outturn as much 32.9%. BP 700A, K 29, K34, K 79, and K 99 were genotypes that stable to produce normal bean and emptybeans at high and medium altidute, while K 8, K 130, and SIG were genotypeswith high normal beans at high altitude but not stable. Genotype x altitude interactiondid not occur for physical quality of other variables of outturn, bulk densitybefore and after roasting, apparent swelling, percentage of round beans,percentage of elephant beans, and percentage of triage beans. Altitude showedsignificant effect on all of physical quality of bean variables.


2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1431-1440
Author(s):  
N. M. Abood ◽  
E. M. SHALAL ◽  
M. I. HAMDAN

Field experiment was carried out during the spring and fall seasons of 2019 at the Abu Ghraib Research Station of the Agricultural Research Office/ Ministry of Agriculture, was aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth inhibitors on growth and yield of several sorghum varieties .Randomized Complete Block Design within split plot arrangement with three replications was used. The main plot consists of three growth inhibitors (Cycocel, Ethiphon, and Mebiquat), which were added at stages six and eight leaf stage, in addition to the control treatment (distilled water only), the sub plot was included three cultivars (Mabrouk, Buhooth 70 and Giza 113). The results showed in both seasons significant interaction between cultivars and growth inhibitors in most of the studied traits. The plants of the variety Giza 113 sprayed with Ethiphon recorded the lowest period of reaching physiological maturity, the highest average dry matter yield, and the highest weight of 1000 grains (89.00 days, 17.32 ton ha-1, and 39.33 gm) respectively. The same variety recorded the highest content of chlorophyll in the leaves and the highest grain yield due to the effect of Mebiquat (49.50 spad, 3.93 ton ha-1. The cultivar Buhooth 70 with the effect of Cycocel achieved the highest average of dry matter yield of 33.27 ton ha-1.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Jerono Keter ◽  
Samuel Nyalala ◽  
Joshua Ogweno

Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is a perennial summer flower grown by smallholders in Kenya for export. However, its production and export volumes have declined drastically due to nematodes infestation. This study evaluated the effect of Cleome gynandra accessions on nematode management on tuberose. Experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Field, Egerton University, Kenya using a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were: five accessions of C. gynandra namely ‘Simlaw’, ‘Egerton’, ‘Taastrup’, ‘PS’ and ‘IP8’, applied at 6 kg/m2 and compared with Brassica napus, solarization and untreated control. Data was collected on growth and yield parameters, nematode infestation and quality of tuberose. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance at p≤0.05 and means separated using Tukey’s test. Biofumigation with Cleome gynandra accessions helped to reduce nematode population by 34%, gall numbers by 83% and galling index by be 96% when compared with the control. Use of biofumigation helped to improve plant height and leaf number of tuberose by 16% and 87%, respectively, when compared with the control. Use of biofumigation helped to improve spike length by 32%, marketable spikes by 80%, and flower yield by 90% and reduced nonmarketable spikes by 95% when compared with the control. Based on the above results, use of Cleome gynandra accessions and other biofumigants such as rape seed can be used to manage nematodes and improve growth, yield and quality of tuberose. 


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