Asthma Among Musicians in Australia: Is There a Difference Between Wind/Brass and Other Players?

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Anita Fuhrmann ◽  
Suzanne Wijsman ◽  
Philip Weinstein ◽  
Darryl Poulsen ◽  
Peter Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Primary Students ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Control Of Respiration ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Breathing Control ◽  
Chi Squared

Control of respiration is important in wind/brass instrument playing. Although respiratory diseases, such as asthma, may affect breathing control, little is known about the prevalence of asthma among wind and brass musicians. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of self-reported asthma between wind/brass musicians and non-wind/brass musicians through different stages of experience. A total of 1960 musicians completed a respiratory health questionnaire. The participants were categorized into the following five subgroups: primary students, secondary students, tertiary students, community musicians, and professional musicians. Chi-squared and logistic regression analyses were used to compare asthma prevalence and related health outcomes between wind/brass and non-wind/brass musicians. There were no significant differences in current asthma prevalence between the wind/brass and other musicians in any of the subgroups, apart from tertiary students in whom the prevalence of asthma and related outcomes appeared to be higher among wind/brass musicians. Asthma prevalence among musicians in our survey was similar to that in the overall population. The results suggest that having asthma does not significantly affect participation in music, the choice of instrument to learn (wind/brass or other), or progression to elite levels as a musician.

scholarly journals Spatial Association of Respiratory Health with Social and Environmental Factors: Case Study of Cook County, IL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynaz Lotfata ◽  
Alexander Hohl
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Cook County ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Canopy Access

AbstractBackgroundPeople who live with respiratory diseases like asthma are more likely at risk of serious illness. Spatial analytic techniques allow for discovering areas of concern and finding correlates of asthma prevalence.ObjectiveThere is growing interest in disentangling the impacts of socioeconomic and environmental factors on respiratory health, their spatial correlation, and the demographic profile of people at risk of respiratory diseases. It is important to know how people with asthma are geographically distributed and what social and environmental factors correlate with asthma. Thereby, the purpose of the study is to describe socioeconomic factors associated with asthma prevalence in Cook County, IL and to identify the significant risks and the protective factors to control asthma.Data and MethodsData obtained from CDC 2018 SVI, ACS, the City of Chicago Data Portal, HealthData.gov, and ESRI. In this paper, we illustrate the usefulness of geospatial regression analysis in the analysis and presentation of spatially distributed asthma prevalence among the population with disabilities, minorities with the language barrier, nonwhite population, age 17 and younger, and age 65 and older in the census tracts of Cook County, IL where Chicago Metropolitan Area located. In addition, we map the spatial variation of asthma prevalence with variation in the tree canopy, access to medical centers, air quality, and household quality. Lastly, we used bivariate mapping to illustrate the spatial distributions of residential land use and tree covers.ResultsOur findings show a good correlation between asthma and socioeconomic and physical factors including age 17 and younger, age 65 and older, population with disabilities, a minority with the language barrier, tree canopy, access to medical centers, air quality, and household quality. The aged 65 and older, 17 and younger, and people with disabilities are found to have a higher asthma prevalence in areas around the industrial corridors in southeast and west sides of Cook County, IL. Results may guide further decisions in planning for asthma research and intervention, especially for identifying vulnerable areas and people.

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing Tool: A Promising Tool for Therapeutic Applications on Respiratory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-346
Author(s):  
Sadiya Bi Shaikh ◽  
Yashodhar Prabhakar Bhandary
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Promising Tool

Respiratory diseases are one of the prime topics of concern in the current era due to improper diagnostics tools. Gene-editing therapy, like Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats- associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), is gaining popularity in pulmonary research, opening up doors to invaluable insights on underlying mechanisms. CRISPR/Cas9 can be considered as a potential gene-editing tool with a scientific community that is helping in the advancement of knowledge in respiratory health and therapy. As an appealing therapeutic tool, we hereby explore the advanced research on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 tools in chronic respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cystic fibrosis (CF). We also address the urgent need to establish this gene-editing tool in various other lung diseases such as asthma, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The present review introduces CRISPR/Cas9 as a worthy application in targeting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrinolytic system via editing specific genes. Thereby, based on the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9, it can be considered as a promising therapeutic tool in respiratory health research.

scholarly journals Asthma prevalence and associated factors among lebanese adults: the first national survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeina Akiki ◽  
Danielle Saadeh ◽  
Rita Farah ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Hala Sacre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background No national research has yet explored the prevalence of asthma among adults in Lebanon. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma and current asthma, and their determinants among Lebanese adults 16 years old or above. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out using a multistage cluster sampling. The questionnaire used collected information on asthma, respiratory symptoms, and risk factors. Results The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 6.7% (95% CI 5–8.7%), and that of current asthma was 5% (95% CI 3.6–6.9%). Chronic symptoms such as cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath were worst at night. Factors positively associated with physician-diagnosed asthma were a secondary educational level (adjusted OR, aOR = 4.45), a family history of chronic respiratory diseases (aOR = 2.78), lung problems during childhood (15.9), and allergic rhinitis (4.19). Additionally, consuming fruits and vegetables less than once per week (3.36), a family history of chronic respiratory diseases (3.92), lung problems during childhood (9.43), and allergic rhinitis (8.12) were positively associated with current asthma. Conclusions The prevalence of asthma was within the range reported from surrounding countries. However, repeated cross-sectional studies are necessary to evaluate trends in asthma prevalence in the Lebanese population.

scholarly journals Mortality Risk from Respiratory Diseases due to Non-Optimal Temperature among Brazilian Elderlies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5550
Author(s):  
Ludmilla da Silva Viana Jacobson ◽  
Beatriz Fátima Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Rochelle Schneider ◽  
Antonio Gasparrini ◽  
Sandra de Souza Hacon
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Exposure Variable

Over the past decade, Brazil has experienced and continues to be impacted by extreme climate events. This study aims to evaluate the association between daily average temperature and mortality from respiratory disease among Brazilian elderlies. A daily time-series study between 2000 and 2017 in 27 Brazilian cities was conducted. Data outcomes were daily counts of deaths due to respiratory diseases in the elderly aged 60 or more. The exposure variable was the daily mean temperature from Copernicus ERA5-Land reanalysis. The association was estimated from a two-stage time series analysis method. We also calculated deaths attributable to heat and cold. The pooled exposure–response curve presented a J-shaped format. The exposure to extreme heat increased the risk of mortality by 27% (95% CI: 15–39%), while the exposure to extreme cold increased the risk of mortality by 16% (95% CI: 8–24%). The heterogeneity between cities was explained by city-specific mean temperature and temperature range. The fractions of deaths attributable to cold and heat were 4.7% (95% CI: 2.94–6.17%) and 2.8% (95% CI: 1.45–3.95%), respectively. Our results show a significant impact of non-optimal temperature on the respiratory health of elderlies living in Brazil. It may support proactive action implementation in cities that have critical temperature variations.

Bruxism Related to Violin Playing

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
F J Rodríguez Lozano ◽  
M R Sáez Yuguero ◽  
A Bermejo Fenoll
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Education Program ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Clinical Phenomenon ◽  
Violin Playing ◽  
Random Control

The violinist's profession involves situations of stress and tension, and bruxism is a clinical phenomenon that is occurring among these musicians with increasing frequency. Materials and Methods: We studied a group of 41 violinists from the region of Murcia in Spain, who completed clinical questionnaires designed to detect bruxism. The results were compared with those from a random control group who did not play any musical instrument. The SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. Evaluations were done with Pearson's chi-squared test. Results: In the study group, 73% were diagnosed with bruxism, whereas in the control group, only 34% suffered from this complaint. We found a statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between violinists and the parafunctional bruxism habit. Conclusions: It could be said that violin playing can be a factor that predisposes or triggers the appearance of signs and symptoms of bruxism. It is necessary to establish a health education program and preventive measures for professional musicians in order to avoid the development or worsening of bruxism and related problems.

PROCEDURE FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEMS WITH A LIMITING REACTANT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saša A. Horvat ◽  
◽  
Dušica D. Rodić ◽  
Tamara N. Rončević ◽  
Snežana Babić-Kekez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Test Of Knowledge

Mathematical calculations are an important part of chemistry. Those problems are difficult for students, especially if the task is set with a limiting reactant. The aim of this study was development of a Procedure for evaluation of cognitive complexity of the Stoichiometric Tasks with a Limiting Reactant. The procedure created included an assessment of the difficulty of concepts and an assessment of their interactivity. As a research instrument for assessing performance, the test of knowledge was specifically constructed for this research. Each task in the test was followed by a seven-point Likert scale for the evaluation of the invested mental effort. The research included 58 upper-secondary students. The validity of the procedure was confirmed by a series of regression analyses where statistically significant correlation coefficients are obtained among the examined variables: students’ achievement and invested mental effort from cognitive complexity (independent variable). Keywords: chemistry education, stoichiometry, problem tasks, achievement, mental effort

scholarly journals Assessment of Respiratory Health Symptoms and Asthma in Children near a Drying Saline Lake

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohreh F. Farzan ◽  
Mitiasoa Razafy ◽  
Sandrah P. Eckel ◽  
Luis Olmedo ◽  
Esther Bejarano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Saline Lake ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
School Age ◽  
Imperial Valley ◽  
Respiratory Impairment ◽  
Asthma Symptoms

Residents of the Imperial Valley, a rural, agricultural border region in California, have raised concerns over high rates of pediatric asthma symptoms. There is an urgent need to understand the influences and predictors of children’s respiratory health in Imperial Valley. We assessed the impacts of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and household factors on children’s respiratory health and asthma prevalence by administering a survey to parents of elementary school children (n = 357) in northern Imperial Valley. We observed an overall asthma prevalence of 22.4% and respiratory symptoms and allergies were widely reported, including wheezing (35.3%), allergies (36.1%), bronchitic symptoms (28.6%), and dry cough (33.3%). Asthmatics were significantly more likely to report respiratory symptoms, but high rates of wheezing, allergies, and dry cough were observed among nonasthmatics, suggesting the possibility for underdiagnosis of respiratory impairment in our school-age population. Having an asthmatic mother and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke were also associated with greater odds of asthma. Our findings provide evidence to support community concerns about children’s respiratory health, while also suggesting that household and demographic characteristics have limited explanatory power for assessing asthma in this population. This work provides critical baseline data with which to evaluate local environmental factors and their influence on asthma and respiratory symptoms.

scholarly journals Environmental Attributes to Respiratory Diseases of Small Ruminants

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Rahal ◽  
Abul Hasan Ahmad ◽  
Atul Prakash ◽  
Rajesh Mandil ◽  
Aruna T. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Environmental Attributes ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Alveolar Surface

Respiratory diseases are the major disease crisis in small ruminants. A number of pathogenic microorganisms have been implicated in the development of respiratory disease but the importance of environmental factors in the initiation and progress of disease can never be overemphasized. They irritate the respiratory tree producing stress in the microenvironment causing a decline in the immune status of the small ruminants and thereby assisting bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections to break down the tissue defense barriers. Environmental pollutants cause acute or chronic reactions as they deposit on the alveolar surface which are characterized by inflammation or fibrosis and the formation of transitory or persistent tissue manifestation. Some of the effects of exposures may be immediate, whereas others may not be evident for many decades. Although the disease development can be portrayed as three sets of two-way communications (pathogen-environment, host-environment, and host-pathogen), the interactions are highly variable. Moreover, the environmental scenario is never static; new compounds are introduced daily making a precise evaluation of the disease burden almost impossible. The present review presents a detailed overview of these interactions and the ultimate effect on the respiratory health of sheep and goat.

scholarly journals Factors influencing the publication of health research

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Cronin ◽  
Trevor Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Chi Squared

Objectives:Assess the degree to which research project findings were published and explore factors that influenced publication.Methods:Questionnaire to project leaders. Classification of publications and findings. Chi-squared; univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.Results:Forty percent of projects published in peer-reviewed journal; highly statistically significant relationships between publication in peer-reviewed journals and (1) projects in Responsive/Fellowships streams (p=.045); and (2) projects awarded >£22,713 (p=.02); influence of study findings not statistically significant.Conclusions:Funders should consider the significant number of studies that did not result in publication and the higher rate of publication in peer-reviewed journals from some programs.

scholarly journals Most Italians attending a congress on health of elderly people do not know and do not recognize respiratory diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Ciancio ◽  
Claudio M. Sanguinetti ◽  
Franco Falcone ◽  
Claudio Taranto ◽  
Roberto Fasani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sputum Production ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Scientific Associations

Background: The present study reports the results of a survey jointly carried out by three Italian respiratory scientific associations (AIMAR, AIPO, SIMeR) together with an important Federation of elderly patients (FederAnziani) during the National Conference of Italian Court for Health Right held in Rimini from November 29th to December 1st, 2013. The survey, based on a spirometric examination preceded by a questionnaire on respiratory health, was conducted on elderly people coming from all Italian regions to attend the Conference. Methods: Nine hundred forty-nine subjects (574 females and 375 males), mean age 66.2 ± 10.1 years, were interviewed and performed spirometric examination. There were 137 smokers (14.4 %). Mean value of Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly higher in males (27.6 ± 6.6) than in females (26.3 ± 4.3). Results: 17.1 % (N = 143) of the studied subjects reported to be suffering from respiratory disease and the prevalent illnesses were asthma (31.5 %) and COPD/emphysema (24.5 %), but only 3.3 % of the whole surveyed group was able to identify COPD as a pulmonary disease, however without knowing its characteristics, while these were known by 0.5 % of the interviewed subjects only. A high number of subjects, 22 % of whom were smokers, declared chronic sputum production. 10.2 % of the study group showed an obstructive defect at spirometry when the criterium of lower limit of the normal (LLN) was considered, whereas it was 12.4 % if the fixed limit of 0.70 was chosen. 64 % of the obstructed people thought they did not have any respiratory disease. Conclusions: The results of this survey, able to spread the knowledge of respiratory diseases and spirometry in a wide sample of subjects for the most part scarcely aware of them, emphasize the need for a greater divulgation of respiratory issues among the general population.

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