scholarly journals GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT AND STABILITY ANALYSES OF DRYLAND MAIZE HYBRIDS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Amzeri ◽  
◽  
B.S. DARYONO ◽  
M. SYAFII ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
The Stability

The phenotypic analysis of new candidate varieties at multiple locations could provide information on the stability of their genotypes. We evaluated the stability of 11 maize hybrid candidates in five districts in East Java Province, Indonesia. Maize hybrids with high yield potential and early maturity traits derived from a diallel cross were planted in a randomized complete block design with two checks (Srikandi Kuning and BISI-2) as a single factor with four replicates. The observed traits were grain yield per hectare and harvest age. The effects of environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on yield were highly significant (P < 0.01). KTM-1, KTM-2, KTM-4, KTM-5, and KTM-6 showed higher average grain yield per hectare than the checks (Srikandi Kuning = 8.49 ton ha−1 and BISI-2 = 7.32 ton ha−1) at five different locations. The average harvest age of 11 candidates was less than 100 days. KTM-4 and KTM-5 had production yields that were higher than the average yield of all genotypes in all environments (Yi > 7.78 tons ha−1) and were considered stable on the basis of three stability parameters, i.e., Finlay–Wilkinson, Eberhart–Russell, and additive main effect multiplicative interaction (AMMI). KTM-2 had the highest yield among all tested genotypes (9.33 ton ha−1) and was considered as stable on the basis of AMMI but not on the basis of Finlay–Wilkinson and Eberhart–Russell. KTM-1 performed well only in Pamekasan, whereas KTM-6 performed well only in Sampang. Thus, these two genotypes could be targeted for these specific locations.

scholarly journals Yield Stability Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Using Parametric and AMMI Methods

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Seyed Habib Shojaei ◽  
Khodadad Mostafavi ◽  
Ali Omrani ◽  
Saeed Omrani ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
The Stability

The present study investigated the stability and adaptability of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. In this study, 12 maize hybrids were planted and examined considering the grain yield. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in four research stations in Iran during two crop years. The combined analysis of variance showed that genotype-environment interactions were significant at one percent probability level. The grain yield can stabilize, and hybrids with specific adaptability are recommended to each environment. Hybrids with specific adaptability can be recommended to all types of the environment. Means comparison yield of the genotypes identified DC370 as a high-yield genotype. Regarding AMMI analysis, genotype × environment interactions (GEIs) and two first components were found significant. The SC647 genotype was identified as the most stable genotype. Regarding the stability parameters, SC647 and KSC705 genotypes were selected as the most stable genotypes. From AMMI1 and AMMI2 graphs, the SC647 genotype was identified as the most stable genotype compared with other hybrids.

scholarly journals Evaluation of stability in maize hybrids using univariate parametric methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Habib Shojaei ◽  
Khodadad Mostafavi ◽  
Amirparviz Lak ◽  
Ali Omrani ◽  
Saeed Omrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
The Stability

AbstractGenotype × environment interaction is one of the complex issues of breeding programs to produce high-yielding and compatible cultivars. Interaction of genotype × environment and make the more accurate selection, the performance and stability of hybrids need to be considered simultaneously. This study aimed to investigate stable genotypes with yield using 12 maize hybrids in different climatic conditions of Iran. The experimental design used was a randomized complete blocks design in three replications in two cropping years in Karaj, Birjand, Shiraz, and Arak stations. The simple analysis of variance performed on grain yield of genotypes indicated that all hybrids studied each year and station were significantly different in grain yield. Also, the combined analysis results showed a significant effect on the environment, the effects of genotype, and the interaction of genotype × environment and t in the studied hybrids different. Comparing Duncan's mean on the data obtained from the research, KSC705 genotypes with an average yield of 7.21 and KSC704 genotype with an average yield of 7.04 were identified as high yield cultivars. In order to identify stable cultivars, six stability parameters were used. KSC260 and KSC707 genotypes had stability Based on the environmental variance, also had stability based KSC705, KSC707 genotype on environmental the coefficient of variation, and KSC260 genotypes had stability based methods of genotype and environment interaction. As well as based on Eberhart and Russell regression coefficient had the stability to KSC400 and SC647 genotypes. Also, they were identified as the most stable genotypes based on the detection coefficient method, KSC707, and KSC703 genotypes.

scholarly journals Stability parameters for grain yield of maize hybrids (Zea mays L.)

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Milomirka Madic ◽  
Dragan Djurovic ◽  
Vladeta Stevovic ◽  
Nikola Bokan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Yields

Stability parameters for grain yield were evaluated in 11 maize hybrids of FAO 300-700 maturity groups (ZPSC 330M, ZPTC 404, ZPSC 42A, ZPSC 480, ZPSC 539, ZPSC 599, ZPSC 580, ZPSC 677, ZPSC 633, ZPSC 704 and ZPSC 753) at three different locations in Central Serbia over a two-year period. The hybrids were tested in two separate trials including 50,000 and 65,000 plants/ha, respectively. The stability parameters were estimated using the EBERHART and RUSSELL regression model (1966). There were no significant differences (except in the ZPTC 404 hybrid) between the values of the regression coefficient (bi) for grain yield and the mean value. The ZPSC 599 hybrid of the group of hybrids with a medium growing season gave high yields and less favorable values of stability parameters at most locations and over most years as compared to the long- season hybrids. The late maturity hybrids (FAO 600 and 700) as compared to the early maturity ones generally exhibited unfavorable values of stability parameters, i.e. a specific response and better adaptation to more favorable environmental conditions, and produced higher average yields. The yield of these hybrids could not have been jeopardized by the yield of the early maturity hybrids.

scholarly journals Descriptive Statistics and Heritability for Agronomic Traits and Grain Micronutrient Content in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
S. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Breeding Programmes

In the present investigation, 10 parents and their 45 crosses (half diallel) along with 2 standard checks (Rajendra Nilam and Rajendra Mahsuri-1) were evaluated during Kharif, 2018 in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications at Rice Farm Section, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa, Bihar. The objective of this study was to identify promising rice genotypes having desirable combination of morphological traits along with high grain iron and zinc content and high grain yield potential. The results of variability parameters indicated that ample amount of genetic variability was present for all the studied traits. Most of the traits showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance indicating fruitfulness of selection for improvement of these traits. One genotype (P2×P7) with high grain iron (16.10 ppm) and grain zinc (26.40 ppm) content along with high yield (43.12 g/plant) was identified. Genotypes with high grain iron coupled with high grain yield (P7×P9, P8×P9, P5×P7 and P5×P9) and high  grain zinc content coupled with high grain yield (P4×P7, P9×P10, P8×P9 and P5×P7) were also identified. These promising genotypes identified can be used further in breeding programmes to obtain superior segregants with high grain micronutrient content and high grain yield.

scholarly journals Stabilitas hasil dan adaptabilitas galur-galur harapan kacang Bogor di tiga lokasi

Kultivasi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darmawan Saptadi ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
Budi Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Adaptation Test ◽  
The Stability

AbstrakKacang Bogor (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) potensial dikembangkan sebagai komoditi pangan rendah lemak. Pengembangan dan peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil enam galur harapan kacang Bogor, yaitu GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, dan BBL 6.1.1.  Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik ketinggian tempat, kondisi lahan, dan musim tanam berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians gabungan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil berdasarkan Eberhart-Russell dan Finlay-Wilkinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi genotipe x lingkungan pada bobot hasil panen polong segar dan bobot hasil biji kering. Galur GSG 2.5 dan CCC 1.4.1 mempunyai hasil polong segar dengan  rata-rata 15,50 t ha-1 dan 15,71 t ha-1 dan hasil biji kering dengan rata-rata 4,58 t ha-1 dan 4,57 t.ha-1 yang stabil dan beradaptasi luas. Galur GSG 1.5 dan BBL 6.1.1 merupakan galur yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi untuk polong segar dengan rata-rata 17,16 t ha-1 dan 18,90 t.ha-1 pada lingkungan yang produktif.Kata Kunci: interaksi G x E, kacang Bogor, pemuliaan tanaman, stabilitas hasil, uji adaptasi Abstract The bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) has the potential to become a low-fat food commodity. The development and improvement of this commodity yield can be accomplished through the introduction of superior varieties. The purpose of this study were to investigate the yield stability and adaptation of six potential Bambara groundnut lines, namely GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, and BBL 6.1.1. The study was carried out in three different locations with varying altitude, land type, and growing season. A randomized block design with three replications was implemented in the experiment, which was then followed by a combined analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to determine the stability and adaptation of yield based on Eberhart-Russell and Finlay-Wilkinson. The results revealed that there was an interaction between genotypes and environments on yield of fresh pods weight and yield of dried seeds weight. Lines of GSG 2.5 and CCC 1.4.1 had fresh pod yields with an average of 15.50 t ha-1 and 15.71 t ha-1 and dry seed yields an average of 4.58 t ha-1 and 4.57 t  ha-1 which is stable and wide adaptations. In an ideal environment, the GSG 1.5 and BBL 6.1.1 lines had high yield potential for fresh pods, with an average of 17.16 t ha-1 and 18.90 t ha-1.Keywords:  adaptation test, Bambara groundnut, G x E interaction, plant breeding, yield stability 

scholarly journals Uji Multilokasi Sepuluh Galur Padi Untuk Menghasilkan Varietas Unggul Baru

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Jaenudin Kartahadimaja ◽  
Eka Erlinda Syuriani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soil Stress ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
High Yield Potential

Reduced productive rice fields to non-paddy fields, most possible extension of the nationalrice cultivation area to the suboptimal lands reaching ± 91.9 million ha. Technologypackages that can be applied include the use of new improved rice varieties through theassembling of varieties that have high yield potential, resistant to suboptimal soil stress. Theobjective of the research is to produce new superior rice varieties that are available invarious environments. The study used a split-plot design, as the main plot is an environmentconsisting of rice paddies and gogo, as a subplot is the genotype of rice. The treatment ineach environment is prepared using the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Thetreatment consisted of 10 new rice strains and four varieties as a comparison. Variablesobserved (1) plant height; (2) the maximum number of shoots; (3) number of productiveshoots; (4) long panicle; (5) the number of grains per panicle; (6) the amount of graincontent of each panicle; (7) the number of empty grains per panicle; (8) weight of 1000grains of grain; (9) grain yield of each clump; (10) grain yield per hectare. Data wereanalyzed by variance if there was a difference between mean, median treatment, followed byLsd test at 5% level. The adaptability and yield stability of each strain was determined basedon the value of the coefficient of diversity (KK) (Francis and Kenneberg, 1978) in Syukur etal., (2012). The results showed that seven new rice strains had adaptations both planted asupland rice and lowland rice, namely strains B3, B4, F2, F3, H1, H4, and L2.

scholarly journals Performance of Sorghum Recombinant Inbred Lines (RIL) developed for rain-fed areas of Sudan

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-406
Author(s):  
El Hassan ◽  
Yasir Gamar ◽  
Ibrahim Elzein ◽  
Asma Ali ◽  
Tareg Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Wide Range

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is the most widely produced and consumed cereal crop in Sudan. However, productivity is low since the crop is produced in favorable and unfavorable environments where the crop suffers from drought stresses at different growth stages. In the present study, six sorghum inbred lines developed by local breeding program and two commercial checks were evaluated for grain yield potential, yield stability, some important agronomic characters and grain quality properties. Series variety trials were conducted at Elobeid and Suki, Damazin areas of Sudan, during three consecutive rainy seasons. The selected locations represent low, medium and high rainfall areas of Sudan. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that mean squares of genotypes, seasons, locations, location x season, location x genotypes, season x genotypes and season x location x genotype interactions were highly significant (P=0.01) for grain yield. The sorghum genotypes Edo 34-23-4, Edo 26-18 and Edo 16-dwarf produced substantially higher grain yields than commercial checks and the trial mean. Their percentage yield increase ranged from 5% to 75% over commercial checks. The stability analysis revealed that the above mentioned Edo-genotypes had high yield potentials and were stable across a wide range of agricultural conditions. Moreover, the same Edo-lines showed early maturing compared to selected commercial checks and also the Edo-lines possessed good food grains and were market preferred and acceptable for making quality kisra (fermented sorghum pancake-like flatbread). The Edo developed lines also possess the acceptable grain quality in addition to moderate physical grain characteristics such as protein content, fat acidity and moisture content.

Genotype by environment interaction for grain yield and carbon isotope discrimination of barley in Mediterranean Spain

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Voltas ◽  
I. Romagosa ◽  
A. Lafarga ◽  
A. P. Armesto ◽  
A. Sombrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Crossover Point ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Isotope Discrimination

Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) has been found to be either positively or negatively related to grain yield of small grain cereals when grown in contrasting environments. In order to clarify a possible association between grain yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Δ of mature kernels, five 6-rowed and five 2-rowed barley cultivars were evaluated in 22 rainfed environments of northern Mediterranean Spain. Analyses of variance suggested that the genotypic Δ values were more consistent across environments than the genotypic yields. Genotype×environment (G×E) interaction for grain yield was further explored by fitting an AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) model. The first 2 multiplicative axes were found significant. The AMMI2 model provided more accurate estimates of genotypic yields within environments than the conventional unadjusted means across replicates. AMMI2 estimates were used for input into cluster analysis, grouping environments that ranked genotypic yields similarly. Three major groups were obtained, with average yields of 2.42 t/ha (cluster I), 3.06 t/ha (cluster II), and 5.16 t/ha (cluster III). The genotypic ranking for Δ did not vary substantially across clusters, but it changed for grain yield. The average genotypic yields in the low-yielding cluster I ranked opposite to those in the high-yielding cluster III, suggesting the existence of a crossover point at an intermediate yield level. The association between grain yield and Δ for genotypic means within clusters was variable. In cluster I, yield and Δ tended to be negatively related, whereas they were positively related in clusters II and III. Genotypes with lower Δ, i.e. with higher transpiration efficiency, performed better in low-yielding environments (mostly those grouped in cluster I). On the contrary, a high genotypic Δ was of advantage in medium (cluster II) and high-yielding environments (cluster III). This observation supports the assumption that drought tolerance and high yield potential under non-limiting growing conditions may be antagonistic concepts in barley. Genotypic means for kernel number per m 2 and Δ were consistently and positively related within clusters, suggesting that a constitutively high Δ may have been driven by a large genotypic reproductive sink. The convenience of using Δ as a selection criterion in areas exhibiting a considerable G×E interaction for grain yield is discussed.

IMPROVEMENT IN GRAIN YIELD AND LOW-NITROGEN TOLERANCE IN MAIZE CULTIVARS OF THREE ERAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. BADU-APRAKU ◽  
M. A. B. FAKOREDE ◽  
B. ANNOR ◽  
A. O. TALABI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Source Populations

SUMMARYMaize (Zea mays L.) is the most important staple crop in West and Central Africa (WCA), but its production is severely constrained by low soil nitrogen (low N). Fifty-six extra-early open-pollinated maize cultivars developed during three breeding eras, 1995–2000, 2001–2006 and 2007–2012, were evaluated under low N and high soil nitrogen (high N) at two locations in Nigeria in 2013 and 2014, to investigate the genetic gains in grain yield and identify outstanding cultivars. During the first breeding era, the emphasis of the programme was on breeding for resistance to the maize streak virus (MSV) and high yield potential, while the major breeding emphasis during the second era was on recurrent selection for improved grain yield and Striga resistance in two extra-early-maturing source populations, TZEE-W Pop STR (white) and TZEE-Y Pop STR (yellow). Starting from the third era, the source populations were subjected to improvement for tolerance to drought, low N and resistance to Striga. A randomized incomplete block design with two replications was used for the field evaluations. Results revealed genetic gains in grain yield of 0.314 Mg ha−1 (13.29%) and 0.493 Mg ha−1 (16.84%) per era under low N and high N, respectively. The annual genetic gains in grain yield was 0.054 Mg ha–1 (2.14%) under low N and 0.081 Mg ha–1 (2.56%) under high N environments. The cultivar 2009 TZEE-OR2 STR of era 3 was the most stable, with competitive yield across environments, while 2004 TZEE-W Pop STR C4 from era 2, and TZEE-W STR 104, TZEE-W STR 108 and 2012 TZEE-W DT STR C5 from era 3 were high yielding but less stable. These cultivars should be further tested on-farm and commercialized in WCA. Substantial progress has been made in breeding for high grain yield and low-N tolerance in the sub-region.

Selecting stable and high-yielding sorghum cultivars for the semi-arid tropics

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-762
Author(s):  
O. P. Dangi ◽  
R. I. Hamilton ◽  
C. S. Lin ◽  
D. Andre ◽  
J. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High Yield ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The North ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Northern Cameroon ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Extreme North

A sorghum breeding program was reactivated in 1981 and selected cultivars, along with local checks, were evaluated in two experiments in the sorghum growing region of northern Cameroon. Experiment 1 was conducted in the Extreme North Province where annual rainfall ranges from 450 to 850 mm. Experiment 2 was conducted in the North Province where annual rainfall exceeds 850 mm. The objective of the study was to select a high yield and high stability sorghum cultivar for each region. The cultivar's responses were investigated using two analyses: the adaptability analysis and the stability analysis. The former used the method of superiority measure, defined by distance mean square between the test cultivar and the maximum (the highest yield in the location), and the latter used type 4 stability parameter, defined by the years within location mean square averaged over all locations. The conceptual separation of adaptability and stability facilitated the cultivars assessment. The results showed that in exp. 1, three cultivars S–35, CS–54 and CS–61 had similar adaptability and stability, while in the exp. 2, S–34 was best in terms of yield but was unstable due to susceptibility to grain mold. In contrast, the second best cultivar CS–63 was poorer in the high-yielding environments but was more stable than S–34. Key words: Sorghum, genotype-environment interaction, adaptability, stability parameters

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