scholarly journals Theoretical Approaches to the Fragility of States: Proposal for a Comprehensive Model from Political Legitimacy in Statehood Construct

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Rosvadoski-da-Silva ◽  
Ricardo Corrêa Gomes ◽  
Leonardo Pinheiro Deboçã
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
International Community ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
General Proposition ◽  
Political Actions ◽  
Methods Of Control

In the academic agenda and in international organizations, the strength or fragility of states is a relevant thematic, especially in light of geopolitical changes and security issues in recent decades. While the concept of state refers to the methods of control that a government employs to manage a given territory, which refers to regimes and forms of government, the fragility of states, as well as concerns of the international community motivated by incapacities, generates a loss of legitimacy internal politics, leading to possible regional collapses and instabilities, the capacity for action is then seen as linked to political legitimacy, which is nourished by the confidence conferred on the internal and external levels. In this context, this work seeks to articulate some theoretical propositions in an attempt to broaden the view on the phenomenon of statehood and its relations with political legitimacy, such propositions are then guiding to a comprehensive model at the end of the article. In this sense, this essay presents as a general proposition: Political Legitimacy, constituent of Statehood, in its relations with regimes and forms of government, and with the trust attributed to political actions, is an intervening factor in Fragility manifest in the States.

The environment, security and regional cooperation in Central Asia

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Tookey
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Recent Attention

Environmental challenges, resulting from either a scarcity of natural resources or environmental degradation, may contribute to security risks in Central Asia. An encouraging sign is the recent attention of the governments of Central Asia, civil society groups and international organizations to these environmental security issues. Their efforts indicate that by working together to prevent conflicts caused by environmental problems, cooperation among the countries of Central Asia may expand. Both short and long-term obstacles must be overcome if these groups are to ensure that environmental stresses do not lead to security concerns.

Part I Introduction, Ch.3 The Law and Politics of International Organizations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunoff Jeffrey L
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Institutional Fragmentation

This chapter describes the contours of the international law (IL) and international relations (IR) scholarship on international organizations (IOs), as well as some of its key characteristics and debates. It proceeds in three parts. Part I briefly surveys the major theoretical approaches to the creation and functions of IOs found in the IL and IR literature. Part II analyzes the most important conceptual debates that have occupied IO scholars in recent years, including debates over the autonomy, accountability, and legitimacy of IOs. Part III explores a cluster of policy dilemmas, including the political implications of institutional fragmentation, how to manage IO interactions, and why IOs increasingly seem unable to effectively address matters of pressing international concern.

Theoretical Approaches to International Organization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christer Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Sociological Institutionalism ◽  
Continuous Processes ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Rational Choice Institutionalism

The study of international organizations (IOs) has been described as lacking theoretical depth. However, the field actually has a more solid theoretical foundation than some of its critics allege. Moreover, the variety of approaches has entailed multifaceted knowledge of the internal workings as well as the global effects of IOs. Three theoretical traditions have emerged, dealing with institutions, organization, and governance. Institutional analysis has a central position in political science. In the study of domestic institutions, three major schools—rational choice institutionalism, historical institutionalism, and sociological institutionalism—have emerged. Organization theory represents a change of focus from the ideational structures studied by institutionalists to more material and human structures. Whereas both institutional and organizational approaches were originally formulated for domestic structures, institutionalists have been more receptive to exploring domestic-international analogies and contrasts. Even if both institutional and organization theories pay attention to process— institutionalizing rules and practices as well as organizing collective entities are long-term processes— IO studies inspired by these approaches tend to focus on relatively stable structures, asking questions concerning the establishment, persistence or change, and impact of international institutions and organizations. A third, more recent perspective focuses on continuous processes of governance, involving international organizations as well as other types of actors.

"The Islamic State": from Terrorism to Genocide

10.12737/6587 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Самвел Кочои ◽  
Samvyel Kochoi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International Community ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Terrorist Organization ◽  
Terrorist Acts ◽  
Available Information ◽  
First Time

The first time in Russian legal science discusses the crimes committed by the terrorist organization “Islamic State / Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant” (IS/ISIL), against minority communities — Yazidis in Iraq. Based on the analysis of available information (reports of the UN and other international organizations, publications in Russian and foreign mass media) is substantiated conclusion about the presence of elements of the genocide in the acts of the members of the IS/ISIL. It is emphasized that the international community faced genocide, which was committed organization recognized as a terrorist. Invited to take coordinated by the international community measures to deprivation of members of the IS/ISIL freedom of movement between States and to prevent they commit terrorist acts on his return to the States, natives or citizens whom they represent.

International Crisis Management and Human Security in the Framework of ‘Hybrid Wars’ and Unrecognized States

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
Jan Asmussen
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Human Security ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
International Crisis Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Forms

This article deals with the impact of the current Ukrainian crisis on international conflict management and human security in the framework of ‘hybrid wars’ and unrecognized states. It analyses the particularities of the international community’s dealings with conflicts that have multi-party actors. Human security issues are difficult to redress when warfare takes hybrid forms and major actors are non-recognized entities that are not members of international organizations. The Ukrainian crisis has seen the resurrection of the osce as a major forum for conflict resolution endeavours. A new European order of peace that guarantees human security can only be achieved with minimum standards of mutual respect.

scholarly journals International Cooperation in the Twenty-first Century: Familiar Problems and New Challenges

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-68
Author(s):  
Harold K. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Community ◽  
First Century ◽  
Nation States ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Twenty First Century

The creation and proliferation of international organizations of various sorts, increasing economic interdependence, the spread of democracy. and the strong leadership played by the United States all worked positively together to facilitate international cooperation during the second half of the twentieth century, overcoming to a great extent the familiar problem of 'cooperation under anarchy. 'But humankind is confronting new challenges as well, arising from the shift in power relations among nation-states and the rise of new issues that call for global. attention. One of the most prominent issues is the protection of environment. It is unclear how easily the formulas that have proved to be so successful in bringing about international cooperation in the twentieth century can be applied to the new challenges. If a series of organised responses to the issue of climate change as shown in the completion and implementation of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) is any indication, however, the international. community seems to have successfully begun to confront them. The relative promptness of action taken by the international community. the manner in which the issue is negotiated where the principle of equity was directly addressed, the comprehensiveness of the Treaty's scope, and responsible behaviour of the states of the world, all point to broad optimism about international cooperation in the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF EURO-ATLANTIC INTEGRATION: DEMOCRACY, SECURITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gia Zoidze
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Corporate Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Reduction Of Uncertainty

The article overviews that international organizations play an important role in managing and reforming the security sector. These organizations provide expertise, advice, and knowledge enhancements on security issues; Trainings on financial capacity building issues; Programs and projects on important topics such as technical skills development, security sector management, oversight and conscientiousness. In recent times, a number of studies have been devoted to the prospects of NATO-Georgia relations and its deepening. There are always conversations about the reasons why Georgia needs to join Euro-Atlantic Alliance. However, in this regard, Georgia first needs to give NATO member states some important reasons why they would benefit from Georgia's membership in Euro-Atlantic Alliance. The main reason for this may be the fact that without a secure and stable Black Sea region, the security and stability of Europe is inconceivable. According to the author of the article, the process of rapprochement and eventual accession to NATO, in addition to guaranteeing security, promotes and improves the institutional framework of the economy, the rule of law, effective governance systems, corporate security, and the reduction of uncertainty and externalities, which, in turn, provides stability, reduces political risk, facilitates foreign direct investment and trade. Consequently, liberalizing the country's economy and shifting to market principles reduces social pressures, ensures increased prosperity and the accumulation of wealth. As a result, society becomes more protected and less vulnerable when it comes to various types of external and internal shocks.

scholarly journals The role of international organizations in the development of security sector in Kosovo: Advantages and constrains

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (1–2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shkendije Geci Sherifi
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
International Community ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Nato Bombing ◽  
In The Beginning

Pursuant to UNSC Resolution 1244, following the war and the NATO bombing campaign, Kosovo was placed under an international administration, by the United  Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). After the end of the war, the course of the security policies in Kosovo was directed mainly by international actors. Basically, the security sector was non-existent, whereas the international military and civilian presence was responsible for the security of Kosovo’s borders and the protection of public order. The responsibility for security thus belonged to the international community and was progressively transferred to the Kosovo security institutions. While in the beginning, the takeover of security by the international community was a necessity in order to provide peace and stability, the prolongation of the delegation of ownership to local institutions created disadvantages in terms of timely and professional development. During international administration, the undefined political status of Kosovo influenced the security sector as an area reserved for the international community. 

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Chukwuemeke Okeke
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International Community ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
The Law

The conclusion makes the case that the jurisdictional immunities of States and international organizations are not only sustainable but also necessary for international relations and cooperation. Contrary to the polemic that immunity breeds impunity, jurisdictional immunities promote respect for international law rather than undermine it. Even where a State or an international organization is immune, it may still be responsible for a wrongful act. To be sure, immunities can be abused. However, abuse of immunity is a different question from the necessity of immunity. The book concludes with the submission that if the international community finds the international law of jurisdictional immunities of States and international organizations to be illegitimate or inadequate, then the proper course of action is to re-evaluate the goals served by the law.

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