The Path of Sufi: Idea, Concept, and Meaning

Author(s):  
Jung Sejin ◽  

Despite the obvious multifaceted nature of Sufism, three main doctrines are common to this trend: the doctrine of the Sufi way of knowing the Divine truth, trust in God and the doctrine of holiness, which contributed to the formation and widespread dissemination of the cult of saints. Universal concepts and defini­tions of the stages of the mystical path are “state” and “station”. The relationship between these concepts, their qualitative and quantitative characteristics, their hi­erarchy within the classification schemes built in the course of the centuries-old history of Sufism, do not fit into a single model due to the individual living and perception of this path by the mystic. The way is to leave your own world and enter the Divine world. The wanderer must approach the Almighty, dissolve in Him. Representations of the Way are an integral part of the seeker's mind – even if he believes that no way exists in principle.

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.


This volume is an interdisciplinary assessment of the relationship between religion and the FBI. We recount the history of the FBI’s engagement with multiple religious communities and with aspects of public or “civic” religion such as morality and respectability. The book presents new research to explain roughly the history of the FBI’s interaction with religion over approximately one century, from the pre-Hoover period to the post-9/11 era. Along the way, the book explores vexed issues that go beyond the particulars of the FBI’s history—the juxtaposition of “religion” and “cult,” the ways in which race can shape the public’s perceptions of religion (and vica versa), the challenges of mediating between a religious orientation and a secular one, and the role and limits of academic scholarship as a way of addressing the differing worldviews of the FBI and some of the religious communities it encounters.


Author(s):  
A. Plakhova ◽  
K. Plemyashov

In these studies, a comprehensive assessment of the effect of the drugs «Carofertin» and «Hemobalance» on the reproductive function of oocyte donor cows was carried out. At the same time, the effect of these drugs on the biochemical parameters of blood serum, as well as on the concentration of progesterone, carotene in the experimental groups and the activity of the ovaries in the experimental animals was assessed. An increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the first and third experimental groups was found, which amounted to 128.80 and 104.6 IU / L. There was also a decrease in the concentration of cholesterol in the experimental groups compared with the control. The maximum concentration of carotene was noted in the experimental group No. 1, which were injected with «Carofertin» subcutaneously, and in the experimental group No. 3, which were injected with «Carofertin» and «Hemobalance». The maximum concentration of progesterone was also noted in groups No. 3 and No. 1 and amounted to 21.98±3.03 and 17.01±9.68 nmol / l, respectively. In the course of ultrasound examination of the ovaries in experimental animals, a relationship was noted between the concentration of progesterone and the intensity of the blood supply of the corpus luteum on the ovaries in experimental animals. Subsequently, in one animal from each experimental group, oocytes were aspirated (OPU) twice with an interval of two weeks and their qualitative and quantitative characteristics were assessed. The maximum number of oocytes suitable for use was noted in the experimental group No. 3, which was injected with both study drugs.


2020 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Irina Muntyan

The work model of a nurse includes 14 elements representing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the work. The analysis of these elements allowed us to form and offer work models for senior and rankand-file nurses. These models ensure selection, evaluation and placement of nursing personnel on a uniform methodological basis.


1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wm. Hogland ◽  
R. Berndtsson

The paper deals with the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of urban discharge. Ratios for urban discharge and recipient flow during different time intervals are presented and discussed. The quality of the urban discharge is illustrated through pollutographs.


Author(s):  
Sara Gholipour P ◽  
Sara Minagar ◽  
Javad Kazemitabar ◽  
Mobin Alizadeh

Background: A novel type of control strategy is presented for control of chaotic systems particularly a chaotic robot in joint and workspace which is the result of applying fractional calculus to dynamic sliding mode control. Objectives: To guarantee the sliding mode condition, control law is introduced based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Methods: A control scheme is proposed for reducing the chattering problem in finite time tracking and robust in presence of system matched disturbances. Conclusion: Also, all of chaotic robot's qualitative and quantitative characteristics have been investigated. Numerical simulations indicate viability of our control method. Results: Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the chaotic robot are all proven to be viable thru simulations.


2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Chit Hlaing

AbstractThis paper surveys the history of anthropological work on Burma, dealing both with Burman and other ethnic groups. It focuses upon the relations between anthropology and other disciplines, and upon the relationship of such work to the development of anthropological theory. It tries to show how anthropology has contributed to an overall understanding of Burma as a field of study and, conversely, how work on Burma has influenced the development of anthropology as a subject. It also tries to relate the way in which anthropology helps place Burma in the broader context of Southeast Asia.


2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Klofft

[In the writings of Orthodox theologian Paul Evdokimov (1901–1970), Western theology can find new resources regarding the relationship between gender and moral development. The author presents Evdokimov's unique theological anthropology in the context of both the complicated question of gender, as well as the effects that gender has on the way women and men act. While the goal of the Christian life for both is the transformation of the individual through asceticism, the role each plays in the salvation of the world differs markedly.]


1979 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-390
Author(s):  
Frederick Sontag

For some time it seemed as if Christianity itself required us to say that ‘God is in history’. Of course, even to speak of ‘history’ is to reveal a bias for eighteenth- and nineteenth-century forms of thought. But the justification for talking about the Christian God in this way is the doctrine of the incarnation. The centre of the Christian claim is that Jesus is God's representation in history, although we need not go all the way to a full trinitarian interpretation of the relationship between God and Jesus. Thus, the issue is not so much whether God can appear or has appeared within, or entered into, human life as it is a question of what categories we use to represent this. To what degree is God related to the sphere of human events? Whatever our answer, we need periodically to re-examine the way we speak about God to be sure the forms we use have not become misleading.


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